自制角动量守恒演示仪

利用微型平面推力球轴承和简易的旋转装置,代替茹科夫斯基转椅,能方便地定性演示角动量守恒规律.     

定性演示刚体绕定轴转动时角动量守恒

定性演示刚体绕定轴转动时角动量守恒张双明，陈荣福（天津理工学院）在一般普物教科书中，验证刚体绕定轴转动时角动量守恒，一般采用人持哑铃站或坐在转凳上，通过展臂、收臂演示转动时角动量守恒规律Ｉω＝恒量，我们认为，这一实验不仅装置沉重、不便携带，而更主要的...     

力矩突变时角动量变化规律的实验演示与分析

给出一种演示刚体在定点运动时角动量与角速度方向的关系,及力矩突变为零时角动量变化规律的实验演示与分析.     

一种可自动改变力矩方向的课堂角动量定理演示实验

给出了高速自转陀螺在连续周期性外力矩作用及力矩突变下的运动规律演示,实现了力矩可自动改变方向的角动量运动规律演示实验,还给出了在理论上角动量n次变化率不为零的一种实例演示．     

一个演示角动量守恒的装置

用一个漏斗和一些砂子能简单地说明角动量守恒这一重要的定律.用白铁皮做一个漏斗,上口半径大约15厘米,在漏斗上口边缘上焊几根粗铜线.使漏斗能通过自轴线自由悬挂,悬点处采用一个摩擦很小的旋转接头连接. 在漏斗中装满砂子,然后旋转漏斗,给它一个初始的转动速度.可看到随着砂子流出漏嘴,漏斗转动得越来越快,这就定性地说明了角动量守恒.一个演示角动量守恒的装置@罗新凯$湖南新邵一中     

一种多功能的角动量定理演示仪

介绍了一种用于课堂的多功能角动量定理演示仪,结构简单,操作方便,能演示出多种角动量定理相关实验,揭示刚体定点转动中深刻的物理规律,并采用在"自然坐标系"下的角动量定理对实验现象加以理论分析.     

角动量守恒的简单演示

角动量守恒的简单演示冯法军（承德石油专科学校０６７０００）做好角动量守恒定律的演示，对讲清概念，理解规律，能起到事半功倍的效果．本文介绍一个筒便宜行、明自易懂的演示方法．制做一根稍长的圆木棒，半径２ｃｍ左右，长１米左右．加工或找一个质量在２０ｇ左右的...     

轨道角动量指向可控的紧聚焦时空波包(特邀)EI北大核心CSCD

利用Debye积分,研究了三个相互正交的轨道角动量(包括两个正交的横向轨道角动量以及一个纵向轨道角动量)光场在紧聚焦条件下的复杂耦合现象,并演示了焦场中相位奇点在三维时空间中的演化。此外,还研究了具有不同拓扑荷数的纵向轨道角动量对聚焦波包整体轨道角动量指向的影响。数值结果表明,聚焦波包的整体轨道角动量指向可由纵向轨道角动量的拓扑荷数进行调控,进而实现紧聚焦时空波包的轨道角动量指向可控。这种角动量指向可控的时空波包在光学微操作、微纳加工、自旋-轨道耦合以及量子通信等领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

一种新的角动量守恒定律演示器

研究了角动量守恒定律的教学问题,研制成功一种新的便携式角动量守恒定律的实验装置,该装置具有制作简单,实验现象清晰直观,重复性好的特点.     

一种新的角动量守恒演示实验仪

介绍了新研制成功的一种物理演示实验仪,它是以进动过程中突然除去进动的原因而使进动中止的方式来演示角动量守恒的．实验仪结构简单,操作方便,反映的物理原理深刻．     

Angle-resonant stimulated polariton amplifier

We experimentally demonstrate resonant coupling between photons and excitons in microcavities which can efficiently generate enormous single-pass optical gains approaching 100. This new parametric phenomenon appears as a sharp angular resonance of the incoming pump beam, at which the moving excitonic polaritons undergo very large changes in momentum. Ultrafast stimulated scattering is clearly identified from the exponential dependence on pump intensity. This device utilizes boson amplification induced by stimulated energy relaxation.     

Method for probing the orbital angular momentum of optical vortices in electromagnetic waves from astronomical objects

We present an efficient method for probing the orbital angular momentum of optical vortices of arbitrary sizes. This method, based on a multipoint interferometer, has its most important application in measuring the orbital angular momentum of light from astronomical sources, opening the way to interesting new astrophysics. We demonstrate its viability by measuring the orbital angular momentum of Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams.     

Implementing the Deutsch's algorithm with spin-orbital angular momentum of photon without interferometer

Deutsch's algorithm is the simplest quantum algorithm which shows the acceleration of quantum computer. In this paper, we theoretically advance a scheme to implement quantum Deutsch's algorithm in spin-orbital angular momentum space. Our scheme exploits a newly developed optical device called "q-plate", which can couple and manipulate the spin-orbital angular momentum simultaneously. This experimental setup is of high stability and efficiency theoretically for there is no interferometer in it.     

Mechanical equivalence of spin and orbital angular momentum of light: an optical spanner

We use a Laguerre-Gaussian laser mode within an optical tweezers arrangement to demonstrate the transfer of the orbital angular momentum of a laser mode to a trapped particle. The particle is optically confined in three dimensions and can be made to rotate; thus the apparatus is an optical spanner. We show that the spin angular momentum of +/-?per photon associated with circularly polarized light can add to, or subtract from, the orbital angular momentum to give a total angular momentum. The observed cancellation of the spin and orbital angular momentum shows that, as predicted, a Laguerre-Gaussian mode with an azimuthal mode index l=1 has a well-defined orbital angular momentum corresponding to ? per photon.     

Spatial symmetry and conservation of orbital angular momentum in spontaneous parametric down-conversion

Directly contradictory arguments coexist regarding the conservation rule of orbital angular momentum in spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We analytically show how this rule is decided by spatial symmetry. We discover that the down-converted photon pairs can carry non-negligible extrinsic orbital angular momentum in the degrees of relative-movement freedom due to spatial symmetry breaking, leading to nonconservation of total orbital angular momentum in type-II down-conversion. Also, we demonstrate that the traditional technique does not measure the extrinsic orbital angular momentum.     

Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion and spin-polarization filtering in electron beams

We propose the design of a space-variant Wien filter for electron beams that induces a spin half-turn and converts the corresponding spin angular momentum variation into orbital angular momentum of the beam itself by exploiting a geometrical phase arising in the spin manipulation. When applied to a spatially coherent input spin-polarized electron beam, such a device can generate an electron vortex beam, carrying orbital angular momentum. When applied to an unpolarized input beam, the proposed device, in combination with a suitable diffraction element, can act as a very effective spin-polarization filter. The same approach can also be applied to neutron or atom beams.     

利用流体演示角动量守恒

利用流体在转动状态下连续流失，使得系统的转动惯量变小，从而导致角速度增大，较为直观地演示角动量守恒原理．     

Optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in inhomogeneous anisotropic media

We demonstrate experimentally an optical process in which the spin angular momentum carried by a circularly polarized light beam is converted into orbital angular momentum, leading to the generation of helical modes with a wave-front helicity controlled by the input polarization. This phenomenon requires the interaction of light with matter that is both optically inhomogeneous and anisotropic. The underlying physics is also associated with the so-called Pancharatnam-Berry geometrical phases involved in any inhomogeneous transformation of the optical polarization.     

Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in a strongly focused optical beam

As a fundamental property of light, the angular momentum of photons has been of great interest. Here, we demonstrate that optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion can occur in a homogeneous and isotropic medium. This Letter presents both theoretical and experimental studies of this conversion in a tightly focused beam and shows that the orbital rotation speeds of trapped particles are altered because of this conversion as predicted by theory.