Entropy of Dirac Field in Non-stationary and Slowly Changing Reissner-Nordstrom Black Hole

Using the thin film brick-wall model and WKB approximation, the entropy of the Dirac field in the non-stationary and slowly changing Reissner-Nordstrom (R-N) black hole is calculated. The result shows that the entropy of the R-N black hole is still proportional to its surface area if we choose proper cut-off.     

Deformed Hamilton-Jacobi Equations and the Tunneling Radiation of the Higher-Dimensional RN-(A)dS Black Hole

In this paper, we derive the deformed Hamilton-Jacobi equations from the generalized Klein-Gordon equation and generalized Dirac equation. Then, we study the tunneling rate, Hawking temperature and entropy of the higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström de Sitter black hole via the deformed Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Our results show that the deformed Hamilton-Jacobi equations for charged scalar particles and charged fermions have the same expressions. Besides, the modified Hawking temperatures and entropy are related to the mass and charge of the black hole, the cosmology constant, the quantum number of emitted particles, and the term of GUP effects β.     

洛仑兹破缺标量场的霍金隧穿辐射

把洛仑兹破缺的标量场方程推广到弯曲时空中,并通过Aether-like项对标量场方程进行修正,该项所产生的效应也会影响到黑洞时空视界附近处的物理效应.接着,进一步在半经典近似下得到了修正的Hamilton-Jacobi方程,然后用这一修正的Hamilton-Jacobi方程研究了史瓦西黑洞的隧穿辐射特征,并讨论了洛仑兹破缺对黑洞霍金辐射和黑洞熵的影响.结果表明,u~α=δ_t~αu~t,δ_r~αu~r形式的Aether-like项的效应可能使黑洞温度增加,而黑洞熵降低.该工作可以帮助我们更深刻地理解弯曲时空中的洛仑兹破缺效应的物理性质.     

Thermodynamics and weak cosmic censorship conjecture of 4D Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell black holes via charged particle absorption

Recently, the non-trivial solutions for 4-dimensional black holes of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity had been discovered. In this paper, considering a charged particle entering into a 4-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell black hole, we calculate the black hole thermodynamic properties using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. In the normal phase space, the cosmological constant and Gauss-Bonnet parameter are fixed, the black hole satisfies the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) is valid. On the other hand, in the case of extended phase space, the cosmological constant and Gauss-Bonnet parameter are treated as thermodynamic variables. The black hole also satisfies the first law of thermodynamics. However, the increase or decrease in the black hole's entropy depends on some specific conditions. Finally, we observe that the WCCC is violated for the near-extremal black holes in the extended phase space.     

The Concrete Quantum Tunneling Spectrum of Reissner-Nordstrom Black Holes

A canonical ensemble model for a R-N black hole quantum tunneling radiation is introduced in this paper. We discover that the probability distribution function is equal to the emission rate of a spherical shell in the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling framework. Taking the generalized uncertainty principle into account, the probability distribution function corresponding to the emission shell system can be calculated with this model. As a result the concrete quantum tunneling spectrum for a R-N black hole is obtained.     

Hawking Temperature Calculation Using Tunneling Mechanism

Based on the black hole tunneling mechanism in which the ingoing particles should be absorbed absolutely, Hamilton-Jacobi method is modified to investigate Hawking radiation from a Schwarzschild black hole once again. The results are independent on the coordinates and the standard Hawking temperature is obtained without the factor of 2 problem. Moreover, it is also pointed out that the modified Hamilton-Jacobi method can be applied to investigate Hawking radiation from the general horizons in dynamical spacetimes.     

Dirac equation of spin particles and tunneling radiation from a Kinnersly black hole

In curved space-time, the Hamilton–Jacobi equation is a semi-classical particle equation of motion, which plays an important role in the research of black hole physics. In this paper, starting from the Dirac equation of spin 1/2 fermions and the Rarita–Schwinger equation of spin 3/2 fermions, respectively, we derive a Hamilton–Jacobi equation for the non-stationary spherically symmetric gravitational field background. Furthermore, the quantum tunneling of a charged spherically symmetric Kinnersly black hole is investigated by using the Hamilton–Jacobi equation. The result shows that the Hamilton–Jacobi equation is helpful to understand the thermodynamic properties and the radiation characteristics of a black hole.     

Thermal radiation and nonthermal radiation of the slowly changing dynamic Kerr--Newman black hole

Using the related formula of dynamic black hole, we have calculated the instantaneous radiation energy density of the slowly changing dynamic Kerr-Newman black hole. It is found that the instantaneous radiation energy density of a black hole is always proportional to the quartic of the temperature of the event horizon in the same direction. By using the Hamilton-Jacobin equation of scalar particles in the curved spacetime, the spontaneous radiation of the slowly changing dynamic Kerr-Newman black hole is studied. The energy condition for the occurrence of the spontaneous radiation is obtained.     

A Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for thermodynamics

We show that classical thermodynamics has a formulation in terms of Hamilton-Jacobi theory, analogous to mechanics. Even though the thermodynamic variables come in conjugate pairs such as pressure/volume or temperature/entropy, the phase space is odd-dimensional. For a system with n thermodynamic degrees of freedom it is 2n+1-dimensional. The equations of state of a substance pick out an n-dimensional submanifold. A family of substances whose equations of state depend on n parameters define a hypersurface of co-dimension one. This can be described by the vanishing of a function which plays the role of a Hamiltonian. The ordinary differential equations (characteristic equations) defined by this function describe a dynamical system on the hypersurface. Its orbits can be used to reconstruct the equations of state. The ‘time’ variable associated to this dynamics is related to, but is not identical to, entropy. After developing this formalism on well-grounded systems such as the van der Waals gases and the Curie-Weiss magnets, we derive a Hamilton-Jacobi equation for black hole thermodynamics in General Relativity. The cosmological constant appears as a constant of integration in this picture.     

Limits to the Acceleration of Black Holes

Using the Dirac equation but with a null surfacecondition, we obtain the event horizon equation, and thetemperature function of a rectilinearly acceleratingblack hole with electric-magnetic charge. The cosmic censorship hypothesis implies that theacceleration of a black hole has a limit, which isM/r_H ² for the rectilinearlyaccelerating black hole. The limit values ofacceleration for other black holes, including the rectilinearly accelerating blackhole with electricmagnetic charge the Kerr–Newmanblack hole, and the Kerr black hole are given.     

Tunneling Radiation of Vector Particles from a Quantum Correction Black Hole

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Hawking radiation of vector particles from a quantum correction black hole by the mean of quantum tunneling. In order to achieve this purpose, based on the Proca field equation and WKB approximation, the quantum tunneling method is used to calculate the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature of the black hole. According to the analysis of the consequences, we find that the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature are related to the quantum parameter besides the horizon radius and mass of the black hole. Furthermore, when the results are compared with those of scalar particles and fermions of the black hole, no difference is found. Therefore, the tunneling rate and Hawing temperature of the black hole do not change with the type of radiation particles.

     

Hawking Radiation of Scalar and Vector Particles from 5D Myers-Perry Black Holes

In the present paper we explore the Hawking radiation as a quantum tunneling effect from a rotating 5 dimensional Myers-Perry black hole (5D-MPBH) with two independent angular momentum components. First, we investigate the Hawking temperature by considering the tunneling of massive scalar particles and spin-1 vector particles from the 5D-MPBH in the Painlevé coordinates and then in the corotating frames. More specifically, we solve the Klein-Gordon and Proca equations by applying the WKB method and Hamilton-Jacobi equation in both cases. Finally, we recover the Hawking temperature and show that coordinates systems do not affect the Hawking temperature.     

A New Method to Study the Hawking Radiation from the Kerr-NUT Black Hole

Developing Hamilton-Jacobi method, we discuss the Hawking radiation of Kerr-NUT black hole by considering the self-gravitation interaction as well as the energy conservation and angular momentum conservation. The result shows that the factual spectrum deviates from the precisely thermal one and the tunneling rate is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, which is accordant with that obtained by Parikh and Wilczek’s method and gives an interesting correction to the Hawking radiation of the black hole.     

Schwarzschild mass uncertainty

In this work we research on the thermodynamical properties of the Bardeen black holes. We compute the series of new thermodynamic quantities such as local temperature, heat capacity, free energy of this kind of black hole in detail. We further analyze the thermodynamical characteristics of the Bardeen black hole by varying its charge $q$ to check the existence and stability of the black hole.     

The quantum horizon of the Garfinkle—Horowitz—Strominger dilatonic blackhole

Treating macro-black hole as quantum states, and using Brown–York's quasi-local gravitational energy definition and Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the GHS black hole's quantum horizon is constructed. The Hawking temperature is computed naturally, and the entropy can also be figured out without introducing the cutoff factor h. The Φ-field mode number is predicted too. The result is consistent with that of the Schwarzschild and R-N black hole.     

Quantum Tunneling of the Non-stationary Kerr-Newman Black Hole via a New Type of General Tortoise Coordinate Transformation

In this paper, the quantum tunneling of the non-stationary Kerr-Newman black hole is investigated via Hamilton-Jacobi equation and two types of general tortoise coordinate transformations. The tunneling rates, the Hawking temperatures and radiation spectrums are derived respectively. Our result shows that the new type of general tortoise coordinate transformation is more reasonable.     

Slowly rotating black holes in the Hořava–Lifshitz gravity

We investigate slowly rotating black holes in the Ho?ava–Lifshitz (HL) gravity. For Λ _W =0 and λ=1, we find a slowly rotating black hole of the Kehagias–Sfetsos solution in asymptotically flat spacetimes. We discuss their thermodynamic properties by computing mass, temperature, angular momentum, and angular velocity on the horizon.     

Quantum nonthermal effect of the Vaidya-Bonner-de Sitter black hole

Using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of a scalar particle in the curve space-time and a correct- dimension new tortoise coordinate transformation, the quantum nonthermal radiation of the Vaidya-Bonner-de Sitter black hole is investigated. The energy condition for the occurrence of the Starobinsky-Unruh process is obtained. The event horizon surface gravity and the Hawking temperature on the event horizon are also given.     

包围有暗能量黑洞的Hawking辐射修正

运用由Banerjee和Majhi所发展的非半经典近似的Hamiliton-Jacobi方法,计算了被暗能量包围的黑洞温度和熵,得到了修正后的温度和熵.在修正后的熵中,面积定理包含面积对数修正和面积幂的倒数。     

Hawking Radiation from Spherically Symmetrical Gravitational Collapse to an Extremal R-N Black Hole for a Charged Scalar Field

Si-Jie Gao has recently investigated Hawking radiation from spherically symmetrical gravitational collapse to an extremal R-N black hole for a real scalar field. Especially he estimated the upper bound for the expected number of particles in any wave packet belonging to Hout spontaneously produced from the state |0＞in, which confirms the traditional belief that extremal black holes do not radiate particles. Making some modifications, we demonstrate that the analysis can go through for a charged scalar field.