Reaction of 3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanic acid—an easy pathway to thioxo derivatives of imidazo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5-ones and imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-ones

3-Amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react with thiourea or potassium thiocyanate in boiling acetic acid to give novel 2,3-dihydro-3-thioxoimidazo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-ones in high yields. However, if the starting compounds are substituted with a benzyl group at position 3, a C-debenzylation proceeds to give 2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4(5H)-ones. According to a proposed reaction mechanism, a molecular rearrangement of the primarily formed mono-substituted thiourea takes place. All compounds were characterized by ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as by mass spectrometry.     

Synthesis of 2-thioxoimidazolines via reaction of 1-unsubstituted 3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates

3-Alkyl/aryl-3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react with alkyl/aryl isothiocyanates to give 3a-alkyl/aryl-1,2,3,3a-tetrahydro-9b-hydroxy-2-thioxo-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4(9bH)-ones in high yields. These compounds rearrange in boiling acetic acid or concd hydrochloric acid to give novel 4-(2-aminophenyl)-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thiones, 1,3-bis(2-(2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-1H-imidazol-5-yl)phenyl)ureas and minor N-(2-(2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)acetamides. In the presence of ethanol, the starting compounds rearrange in boiling acetic acid to give ethyl 2-(2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenylcarbamates. All compounds were characterized by their ¹H, ¹³C, IR and MS spectra and some of them also by ¹⁵N NMR data. The structures of two compounds were supported by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Reaction of 3-phenyl-3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates. Facile access to novel spiro-linked 2-thioxoimidazolidine-oxindoles and imidazoline-2-thiones

3-Phenyl-3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones (1) react with alkyl or aryl isothiocyanates to give novel 9b-hydroxy-3a-phenyl-1,2,3,3a-tetrahydro-2-thioxo-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4(9bH)-ones in high yields. These compounds rearrange in boiling acetic acid or concentrated hydrochloric acid to give novel 5-phenyl-2-thioxospiro[4H-imidazol-4,3′-[3H]indol]-2′(1′H,3H)-ones, 5-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2-thioxospiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-[3H]indol]-2′-ones and (2-methylaminophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thiones. All compounds were characterized by their ¹H, ¹³C, IR and MS data, and in some cases also by ¹⁵N NMR data. The structures and compositions of four compounds were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Reaction of 1-substituted 3-aminoquinoline-2,4-diones with isothiocyanates. An easy pathway to generate novel 2-thioxo-1′H-spiro[imidazoline-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones

3-Butyl-3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react with isothiocyanates to give novel 3a-butyl-9b-hydroxy-2-thioxo-1,2,3,3a,5,9b-hexahydro-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-2-ones in high yields. These compounds rearrange in boiling acetic acid or concd hydrochloric acid to give (E)- and/or (Z)-4-butylidene-2-thioxo-1′H-spiro[imidazoline-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones. All compounds were characterized by their ¹H, ¹³C, IR and MS spectra, and some of them also by ¹⁵N NMR. The structure of one compound was investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Reaction of 1-alkyl/aryl-3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones with urea. Synthetic route to novel 3-(3-acylureido)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ones, 4-alkylidene-1′H-spiro[imidazolidine-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones, and 3,3a-dihydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-2,4-diones

1-Substituted 3-alkyl/aryl-3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react with urea in boiling acetic acid to give products depending on the type of substitution in position 3 and at the nitrogen atom of the 3-amino group. Starting compounds bearing a primary amino group in position 3 give 3-(3-acylureido)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ones. Starting compounds bearing a secondary amino group in position 3 react according to the character of the other substituent in position 3. If there is a hydrogen atom α to the carbon atom C(3), 4-alkylidene-1′H-spiro[imidazolidine-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones arise. If a hydrogen atom is not present in this position, the reaction leads to 3,3a-dihydro-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-2,4-diones. Reaction mechanisms for these transformations are proposed. All compounds were characterized by their ¹H, ¹³C, IR and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectra and some of them also by ¹⁵N NMR data.     

Molecular rearrangement of 1-substituted 9b-hydroxy-3,3a,5,9b-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-2,4-diones—an unexpected pathway to new indole and imidazolinone derivatives

1-Substituted 3a-alkyl/aryl-9b-hydroxy-3,3a,5,9b-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-2,4-diones and 3′-substituted 3-alkyl/aryl-3-ureido-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react in boiling acetic acid to give 2-alkyl/aryl-1H-indol-3-yl-ureas and/or 1,3-bis[2-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-phenyl]-ureas. By the action of hydrochloric acid, the first of them rearrange to give 4-(2-aminophenyl)-1,3-dihydroimidazol-2-ones. The structure of 1,3-bis[2-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-phenyl]-ureas was confirmed by their synthesis. All compounds were characteried by their ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR spectra, atmospheric pressure chemical ioniation mass spectra, and some of them also by ¹⁵N NMR spectroscopic data.     

Unprecedented reactivity of 3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones with urea: an efficient synthesis of 2,6-dihydro-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-diones

Substituted 3-amino-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones react with urea in acetic acid to give novel 2,6-dihydro-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-diones in high yields. The same compounds were obtained, albeit with small yields, from 3-chloro-1H,3H-quinoline-2,4-diones and urea. In the proposed reaction mechanism, a molecular rearrangement of the primarily formed mono-substituted urea takes place. The prepared 2,6-dihydro-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-diones were characterized by their ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁵N NMR and IR spectra and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectra.     

Reaction of 3-chloroquinoline-2,4-diones with ethanolamine and rearrangement of the reaction products

The reaction of tertiary α-chloroketones with ethanolamine has not been hitherto described in the literature. Herein, we describe the reaction of tertiary 3-chloroquinoline-2,4-diones with ethanolamine to give novel 3-(2-hydroxyethylamino)quinoline-2,4-diones. These compounds provide 3-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones and new compounds with dimeric character after reaction with triphosgene. Molecular rearrangement proceeds during the reaction of 3-(2-hydroxyethylamino)quinoline-2,4-diones with isocyanic acid. Three types of reaction products arise: 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-diones, 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,3a-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-]quinoline-4(5H)diones and primarily 5-hydroxy-1-(hydroxyethyl)-1′H-spiro[imidazolidine-5,3′-indole]-2,2′-diones. The reaction mechanism and product stereochemistry are discussed. The ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N NMR spectra of the prepared compounds were measured, and all resonances were assigned from appropriate two-dimensional experiments.     

Sol-gel synthesis of K3InF6 and structural characterization of K2InC10O10H6F9, K3InC12O14H4F18 and K3InC12O12F18

K₃InF₆ is synthesized by a sol-gel route starting from indium and potassium acetates dissolved in isopropanol in the stoichiometry 1:3, with trifluoroacetic acid as fluorinating agent. The crystal structures of the organic precursors were solved by X-ray diffraction methods on single crystals. Three organic compounds were isolated and identified: K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉, K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈. The first one, deficient in potassium in comparison with the initial stoichiometry, is unstable. In its crystal structure, acetate as well as trifluoroacetate anions are coordinated to the indium atom. The two other precursors are obtained, respectively, by quick and slow evaporation of the solution. They correspond to the final organic compounds, which give K₃InF₆ by decomposition at high temperature. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ is characterized by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₄(OH_x)₂]^(5−2x)− and isolated [CF₃COOH_2−x]^(x−1)− molecules with x=2 or 1, surrounded by K⁺ cations. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ is only constituted by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₆]³⁻ and K⁺ cations. For all these compounds, potassium cations ensure only the electroneutrality of the structure. IR spectra of K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ were also performed at room temperature on pulverized crystals.     

Reactions of 3-isopropenyltropolones with bromine and N-bromosuccinimide: Formation of 8H-cyclohepta[b]furan-8-one derivatives

3-Isopropenyltropolones 1a-c were treated with bromine in carbon tetrachloride to give 3-methyl-8H-cyclohepta[b]furan-8-ones 2a-c and their corresponding 7-bromo-substituted compounds 3a-c , while reactions in acetic acid gave the bromo-substituted compounds 3a-c . On the other hand, bromination of 1a-c with N-bromosuccinimide afforded 7-bromo-3-(2-bromo-1-methylethenyl)tropolones 5a-c . The compound 2a was treated with bromine to give 2-bromo-3-methyl-8H-cyclohepta[b]furan-8-one ( 4 ). The tropolones 5a-c were heated in the presence of potassium carbonate to give the cyclized compounds 3a-c .     

Construction,molecular docking,antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of some novel 3-substitued indole derivatives using 3-Acetyl indole

This dissertation presents a method for the synthesis of substituted indoles bearing heterocyclic substituent in the 3- position. The route for the synthesis of the heterocyclic substituents indoles starts from the 3-acetyl indole nucleus. The reaction of 3-acetyl indole 1 with hydrazide compounds such as phenylhydrazine, hydrazine hydrate, and thio-semicarbazide, yields 3-(1-(2-phenylhydrazono) ethyl)-1H-indole 2, 3-(1-hydrazonoethyl)-1H-indole 6, and thiosemicarbazone 10, respectively. Thiophene-2-carboxaldeyde, isatine and 3-acetyl indole reacted with 3-(1-Hydrazonoethyl)-1H-indole 6. In the same way, 3-(1-(2-phenylhydrazono) ethyl)-1H-indole 2 reacted with thioglycollic acid, glycine and benzaldehyde. Thiosemicarbazone 10 reacted smoothly with acetic anhydride, piperidine, concentration of hydrochloric acid and thiophene-2-carboxaldeyde to provide the corresponding heterocycles. The reaction of 3-acetyl indole 1 with amine compounds such as p-nitroaniline formed Schiff base 15, which reacted with thioglycollic acid to give compound 16. 3-Acetyl indole 1 reacted with ethylene diamine to afford bis imine indole 17. The reports of the docking study revealed that the new compounds exhibit good antibacterial activity. The synthesized compounds screened in vitro for their antibacterial activity revealed remarkable inhibitory effects on the selected microorganisms. Besides, the antioxidant activity of some newly designed compounds has been investigated. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds are examined by spectral data (IR, ¹HNMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectra).     

Synthesis,antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of novel azetidine-2-one derivatives of 1H-benzimidazole

A series of 1-methyl-N-[(substituted-phenylmethylidene)-1H-benzimidazol-2-amines (4a–4g) were prepared via the formation of 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine (3), which was prepared by the cycloaddition of o-phenylenediamine (1) with cyanogen bromide in the presence of aqueous base followed by N-methylation with methyl iodide in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in dry acetonitrile. Moreover, the four-membered β-lactam ring was introduced by the cycloaddition of 4a–4g and chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine catalyst to give 3-chloro-1-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-(4′-substituted)-phenylazetidin-2-one 5a–5g. A total of 14 compounds were synthesized and characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and Mass spectral technique, in addition they were evaluated for anti-bacterial and cytotoxic properties. Among the chemicals tested 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5g exhibited good antibacterial activity and 5f, 5g shown good cytotoxic activity in vitro.     

Synthesis of 5-alkoxy-4-amino-3-bromo-2(5H)-furanones containing benzene rings

Using KF as base and THF as solvent, different 5-alkoxy-3,4-dibromo-2(5H)-furanones were reacted with amines containing a benzene ring structure by Michael addition–elimination reaction at room temperature or 40 °C to give twenty-three 5-alkoxy-4-amino-3-bromo-2(5H)-furanones containing benzene rings, with yields of 21–86 % (mostly over 64 %). The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by FTIR, UV, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. This rapid synthesis of the series of 2(5H)-furanones derivatives with different bioactive units is not only an important synthetic strategy for 2(5H)-furanone derivatives but also a basis for synthesis of potential drug molecules for activity testing.     

Reactions of 4-acyl-1-alkoxyaryl-5-aryl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ones with nucleophilic reagents

4-Acetyl-1-alkoxyaryl-5-aryl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ones reacted with amines to give 1-alkoxyaryl-5-aryl-4-(1-R-aminoethylidene)pyrrolidine-2,3-diones. Reactions of amines with 4-benzoyl-substituted analogs involve nucleophilic attack on the C³ atom in the heteroring to produce the corresponding 3-R-amino-1-alkoxyaryl-5-aryl-4-benzoyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ones. Reactions of the title compounds with hydrazine hydrate, regardless on the substituent on C₄, afforded 4-aryl-3-methyl(phenyl)-5-[2(4)-methoxyphenyl]-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-6-ones.     

Synthesis of new sulfanyl-, sulfinyl-, and sulfonyl-substituted polychlorobuta-1,3-dienes

New R-sulfanyl-substituted polychlorobuta-1,3-dienes were synthesized by reactions of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene or 1,1,2,4,4-pentachlorobuta-1,3-diene with dimethylbenzenethiols, heptane-1-thiol, and 4-methyl-7-sulfanyl-2H-chromen-2-one. Some sulfides were oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones or brominated with bromine. Among the synthesized compounds, the coumarin derivative, 4-methyl-7-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachlorobuta-1,3-dien-1-ylsulfanyl)-2H-chromen-2-one showed fluorescence properties. 1,1′,1″-[3,4-Dichlorobuta-1,3-diene-1,1,4-triyltris(sulfanediyl)]tris(2,4-dimethylbenzene) reacted with potassium tert-butoxide in petroleum ether to afford a mixture of isomeric 1,1′,1″-[4-chlorobuta-1,2,3-triene-1,1.4-triyltris(sulfanediyl)]tris(2,4-dimethylbenzene) and 1,1′,1″-[2-chlorobut-1-en-3-yne-1,1,4-triyltris(sulfanediyl)]-tris(2,4-dimethylbenzene). The GC/MS method was found to be useful for the separation of some sulfanyl-substituted butadiene isomer mixtures. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry, UV-Vis, IR, and NMR (¹H, ¹³C) or fluorescence spectroscopy.     

Synthesis of 3-(aminooxoethyl)-6-methyl-1-(thiethan-3-yl)-pyrimidine-2,4-(1H,3H)-diones

A new approach to prepare 2-chloroacetamides has been developed, based on the reaction of chloroacetyl chloride with excess of secondary amines. Alkylation of 6-methyl-1-(thiethan-3-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione with the synthesized 2-chloroacetamides in the presence of potassium carbonate has afforded N ³-acetamido-substituted 6-methyl-1-(thiethan-3-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones.     

Carboncarbon bond formation by radical addition-fragmentation reactions of O-tert-alkyl enols and O-cyclopropylcarbinyl enols

Terminal alkenes of the type H₂CC(OR¹)X, in which R¹ is a tertiary alkyl or a 1-cyclopropylethyl group and X=Ph, OSiMe₂Bu^t, OEt or H, undergo radical-chain reactions with organic halides R²Hal to give carbonyl compounds R²CH₂C(O)X.     

Reaction of 3‐Hydroxyquinoline‐2,4‐diones with Isocyanates and Thermally Induced Transformation of the Reaction Products

3‐Hydroxyquinoline‐2,4‐diones 1 react with isocyanates to give novel 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐2,4‐dioxoquinolin‐3‐yl (alkyl/aryl)carbamates 2 and/or 1,9b‐dihydro‐9b‐hydroxyoxazolo[5,4‐c]quinoline‐2,4(3aH,5H)‐diones 3 . Both of these compounds are converted, by boiling in cyclohexylbenzene solution in the presence of Ph₃P or 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine, to give 3‐(acyloxy)‐1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐ones 8 . All compounds were characterized by IR, and ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR spectroscopy, as well as by EI mass spectrometry.     

Synthesis and characterization of platinum and palladium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate complexes

Treatment of (PPh₃)₂MCl₂ (M = Pd or Pt) with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (NH₄S₂CNC₄H₈) in a 1:1 molar ratio gave (PPh₃)M(Cl)(κ ² S,S-S₂CNC₄H₈) [M = Pt (1), Pd (2)]. On the other hand, the interaction of these compounds in a 1:2 [M:L] molar ratio gave (PPh₃)Pt(κS-S₂CNC₄H₈)(κ ² S,S-S₂CNC₄H₈) (3), which contains both terminal and chelated dithiocarbamato ligands, or a yellow insoluble solid for M = Pd. The bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane platinum or palladium dichlorides [(dppe)MCl₂] reacted with the same ligand to give the salts [(dppe)M(κ ² S,S-S₂CNC₄H₈)]Cl (M = Pt (4), Pd (5) which have only one chelating dithiocarbamato ligand. The new compounds were characterized by ¹H-, ¹³C{¹H}- and ³¹P-n.m.r. spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray single crystal structure analysis.