Global existence of small amplitude solution for the generalized IMBq equation

In this paper, we reconsider the problem discussed in [G.W. Chen, S.B. Wang, Small amplitude solutions of the generalized IMBq equation, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 274 (2002) 846-866]. The proof of global existence presented in [G.W. Chen, S.B. Wang, Small amplitude solutions of the generalized IMBq equation, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 274 (2002) 846-866] is very simple in form, but it is a pity that the authors overlooked the bad behavior of low frequency part of B(t)ψ which causes trouble in L^∞ and Hs estimates. In this paper, we will give out a new proof of the global existence under an additional condition on the initial data.     

Stability of iterative procedures with errors for approximating common fixed points of a couple of q-contractive-like mappings in Banach spaces

Recently, Agarwal, Cho, Li and Huang [R.P. Agarwal, Y.J. Cho, J. Li, N.J. Huang, Stability of iterative procedures with errors approximating common fixed points for a couple of quasi-contractive mappings in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 272 (2002) 435-447] introduced the new iterative procedures with errors for approximating the common fixed point of a couple of quasi-contractive mappings and showed the stability of these iterative procedures with errors in Banach spaces. In this paper, we introduce a new concept of a couple of q-contractive-like mappings (q>1) in a Banach space and apply these iterative procedures with errors for approximating the common fixed point of the couple of q-contractive-like mappings. The results established in this paper improve, extend and unify the corresponding ones of Agarwal, Cho, Li and Huang [R.P. Agarwal, Y.J. Cho, J. Li, N.J. Huang, Stability of iterative procedures with errors approximating common fixed points for a couple of quasi-contractive mappings in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 272 (2002) 435-447], Chidume [C.E. Chidume, Approximation of fixed points of quasi-contractive mappings in Lp spaces, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 22 (1991) 273-386], Chidume and Osilike [C.E. Chidume, M.O. Osilike, Fixed points iterations for quasi-contractive maps in uniformly smooth Banach spaces, Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 30 (1993) 201-212], Liu [Q.H. Liu, On Naimpally and Singh's open questions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 124 (1987) 157-164; Q.H. Liu, A convergence theorem of the sequence of Ishikawa iterates for quasi-contractive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 146 (1990) 301-305], Osilike [M.O. Osilike, A stable iteration procedure for quasi-contractive maps, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 27 (1996) 25-34; M.O. Osilike, Stability of the Ishikawa iteration method for quasi-contractive maps, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 28 (1997) 1251-1265] and many others in the literature.     

Sensitivity analysis for parametric generalized implicit quasi-variational-like inclusions involving P-η-accretive mappings

In this paper, using proximal-point mapping technique of P-η-accretive mapping and the property of the fixed-point set of set-valued contractive mappings, we study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set of a parametric generalized implicit quasi-variational-like inclusion involving P-η-accretive mapping in real uniformly smooth Banach space. Further, under suitable conditions, we discuss the Lipschitz continuity of the solution set with respect to the parameter. The technique and results presented in this paper can be viewed as extension of the techniques and corresponding results given in [R.P. Agarwal, Y.-J. Cho, N.-J. Huang, Sensitivity analysis for strongly nonlinear quasi-variational inclusions, Appl. Math. Lett. 13 (2002) 19-24; S. Dafermos, Sensitivity analysis in variational inequalities, Math. Oper. Res. 13 (1988) 421-434; X.-P. Ding, Sensitivity analysis for generalized nonlinear implicit quasi-variational inclusions, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2) (2004) 225-235; X.-P. Ding, Parametric completely generalized mixed implicit quasi-variational inclusions involving h-maximal monotone mappings, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 182 (2) (2005) 252-269; X.-P. Ding, C.L. Luo, On parametric generalized quasi-variational inequalities, J. Optim. Theory Appl. 100 (1999) 195-205; Z. Liu, L. Debnath, S.M. Kang, J.S. Ume, Sensitivity analysis for parametric completely generalized nonlinear implicit quasi-variational inclusions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 277 (1) (2003) 142-154; R.N. Mukherjee, H.L. Verma, Sensitivity analysis of generalized variational inequalities, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 167 (1992) 299-304; M.A. Noor, Sensitivity analysis framework for general quasi-variational inclusions, Comput. Math. Appl. 44 (2002) 1175-1181; M.A. Noor, Sensitivity analysis for quasivariational inclusions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 236 (1999) 290-299; J.Y. Park, J.U. Jeong, Parametric generalized mixed variational inequalities, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2004) 43-48].     

Stability of undercompressive shock profiles

Using a simplified pointwise iteration scheme, we establish nonlinear phase-asymptotic orbital stability of large-amplitude Lax, undercompressive, overcompressive, and mixed under-overcompressive type shock profiles of strictly parabolic systems of conservation laws with respect to initial perturbations |u₀(x)|?E₀(1+|x|)^−3/2 in C0+α, E₀ sufficiently small, under the necessary conditions of spectral and hyperbolic stability together with transversality of the connecting profile. This completes the program initiated by Zumbrun and Howard in [K. Zumbrun, P. Howard, Pointwise semigroup methods and stability of viscous shock waves, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 47 (4) (1998) 741-871], extending to the general undercompressive case results obtained for Lax and overcompressive shock profiles in [A. Szepessy, Z. Xin, Nonlinear stability of viscous shock waves, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 122 (1993) 53-103; T.-P. Liu, Pointwise convergence to shock waves for viscous conservation laws, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 50 (11) (1997) 1113-1182; K. Zumbrun, P. Howard, Pointwise semigroup methods and stability of viscous shock waves, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 47 (4) (1998) 741-871; K. Zumbrun, Refined wave-tracking and nonlinear stability of viscous Lax shocks, Methods Appl. Anal. 7 (2000) 747-768; M.-R. Raoofi, L¹-asymptotic behavior of perturbed viscous shock profiles, thesis, Indiana Univ., 2004; C. Mascia, K. Zumbrun, Pointwise Green's function bounds and stability of relaxation shocks, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 51 (4) (2002) 773-904; C. Mascia, K. Zumbrun, Stability of small-amplitude shock profiles of symmetric hyperbolic-parabolic systems, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 57 (7) (2004) 841-876; C. Mascia, K. Zumbrun, Pointwise Green's function bounds for shock profiles with degenerate viscosity, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 169 (3) (2003) 177-263; C. Mascia, K. Zumbrun, Stability of large-amplitude shock profiles of hyperbolic-parabolic systems, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 172 (1) (2004) 93-131; C. Mascia, K. Zumbrun, Stability of large-amplitude shock profiles of general relaxation systems, SIAM J. Math. Anal., in press], and for special “weakly coupled” (respectively scalar diffusive-dispersive) undercompressive profiles in [T.P. Liu, K. Zumbrun, Nonlinear stability of an undercompressive shock for complex Burgers equation, Comm. Math. Phys. 168 (1) (1995) 163-186; T.P. Liu, K. Zumbrun, On nonlinear stability of general undercompressive viscous shock waves, Comm. Math. Phys. 174 (2) (1995) 319-345] (respectively [P. Howard, K. Zumbrun, Pointwise estimates for dispersive-diffusive shock waves, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 155 (2000) 85-169]). In particular, together with spectral results of [K. Zumbrun, Dynamical stability of phase transitions in the p-system with viscosity-capillarity, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 60 (2000) 1913-1924], our results yield nonlinear stability of large-amplitude undercompressive phase-transitional profiles near equilibrium of Slemrod's model [M. Slemrod, Admissibility criteria for propagating phase boundaries in a van der Waals fluid, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 81 (4) (1983) 301-315] for van der Waal gas dynamics or elasticity with viscosity-capillarity.     

Equivalence theorems of the convergence between Ishikawa and Mann iterations with errors for generalized strongly successively Φ-pseudocontractive mappings without Lipschitzian assumptions

In this paper, the equivalence of the strong convergence between the modified Mann and Ishikawa iterations with errors in two different schemes by Xu [Y.G. Xu, Ishikawa and Mann iteration process with errors for nonlinear strongly accretive operator equations, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 224 (1998) 91-101] and Liu [L.S. Liu, Ishikawa and Mann iterative process with errors for nonlinear strongly accretive mappings in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 194 (1995) 114-125] respectively is proven for the generalized strongly successively Φ-pseudocontractive mappings without Lipschitzian assumption. Our results generalize the recent results of the papers [Zhenyu Huang, F. Bu, The equivalence between the convergence of Ishikawa and Mann iterations with errors for strongly successively pseudocontractive mappings without Lipschitzian assumption, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 325 (1) (2007) 586-594; B.E. Rhoades, S.M. Soltuz, The equivalence between the convergences of Ishikawa and Mann iterations for an asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense and strongly successively pseudocontractive maps, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 289 (2004) 266-278; B.E. Rhoades, S.M. Soltuz, The equivalence between Mann-Ishikawa iterations and multi-step iteration, Nonlinear Anal. 58 (2004) 219-228] by extending to the most general class of the generalized strongly successively Φ-pseudocontractive mappings and hence improve the corresponding results of all the references given in this paper by providing the equivalence of convergence between all of these iteration schemes for any initial points u₁, x₁ in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.     

Strong convergence theorems for strictly asymptotically pseudocontractive mappings in Hilbert spaces

The purpose of this paper is by using CSQ method to study the strong convergence problem of iterative sequences for a pair of strictly asymptotically pseudocontractive mappings to approximate a common fixed point in a Hilbert space. Under suitable conditions some strong convergence theorems are proved. The results presented in the paper are new which extend and improve some recent results of Acedo and Xu [Iterative methods for strict pseudo-contractions in Hilbert spaces. Nonlinear Anal., 67(7), 2258??271 (2007)], Kim and Xu [Strong convergence of modified Mann iterations for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and semigroups. Nonlinear Anal., 64, 1140??152 (2006)], Martinez-Yanes and Xu [Strong convergence of the CQ method for fixed point iteration processes. Nonlinear Anal., 64, 2400??411 (2006)], Nakajo and Takahashi [Strong convergence theorems for nonexpansive mappings and nonexpansive semigroups. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 279, 372??79 (2003)], Marino and Xu [Weak and strong convergence theorems for strict pseudocontractions in Hilbert spaces. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 329(1), 336??46 (2007)], Osilike et al. [Demiclosedness principle and convergence theorems for k-strictly asymptotically pseudocontractive maps. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 326, 1334??345 (2007)], Liu [Convergence theorems of the sequence of iterates for asymptotically demicontractive and hemicontractive mappings. Nonlinear Anal., 26(11), 1835??842 (1996)], Osilike et al. [Fixed points of demi-contractive mappings in arbitrary Banach spaces. Panamer Math. J., 12 (2), 77??8 (2002)], Gu [The new composite implicit iteration process with errors for common fixed points of a finite family of strictly pseudocontractive mappings. J. Math. Anal. Appl., 329, 766??76 (2007)].     

Bounded components of positive solutions of abstract fixed point equations: mushrooms, loops and isolas

In this work a general class of nonlinear abstract equations satisfying a generalized strong maximum principle is considered in order to study the behavior of the bounded components of positive solutions bifurcating from the curve of trivial states (λ,u)=(λ,0) at a nonlinear eigenvalue λ=λ₀ with geometric multiplicity one. Since the unilateral theorems of Rabinowitz (J. Funct. Anal. 7 (1971) 487, Theorems 1.27 and 1.40) are not true as originally stated (cf. the very recent counterexample of Dancer, Bull. London Math. Soc. 34 (2002) 533), in order to get our main results the unilateral theorem of López-Gómez (Spectral Theory and Nonlinear Functional Analysis, Research Notes in Mathematics, vol. 426, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2001, Theorem 6.4.3) is required. Our analysis fills some serious gaps existing is some published papers that were provoked by a direct use of Rabinowitz's unilateral theory. Actually, the abstract theory developed in this paper cannot be covered with the pioneering results of Rabinowitz (1971), since in Rabinowitz's context any component of positive solutions must be unbounded, by a celebrated result attributable to Dancer (Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 52 (1973) 181).     

On the convergence of implicit iteration process with error for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

The purpose of this paper is to study the weak and strong convergence of implicit iteration process with errors to a common fixed point for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the corresponding results of [H. Bauschke, The approximation of fixed points of compositions of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert space, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 202 (1996) 150-159; B. Halpern, Fixed points of nonexpansive maps, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 73 (1967) 957-961; P.L. Lions, Approximation de points fixes de contractions, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. A 284 (1977), 1357-1359; S. Reich, Strong convergence theorems for resolvents of accretive operators in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 75 (1980) 287-292; Z.H. Sun, Strong convergence of an implicit iteration process for a finite family of asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 286 (2003) 351-358; R. Wittmann, Approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, Arch. Math. 58 (1992) 486-491; H.K. Xu, M.G. Ori, An implicit iterative process for nonexpansive mappings, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optimiz. 22 (2001) 767-773; Y.Y. Zhou, S.S. Chang, Convergence of implicit iterative process for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optimiz. 23 (2002) 911-921].     

A common fixed point theorem for weakly compatible mappings in symmetric spaces satisfying a contractive condition of integral type

In this paper, we proved a common fixed point theorem for weakly compatible mappings in symmetric spaces satisfying a contractive condition of integral type and a property (E.A) introduced in [M. Aamri, D. El Moutawakil, Some new common fixed point theorems under strict contractive conditions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 270 (2002) 181-188]. Our theorem generalizes Theorem 2.2 of [M. Aamri, D. El Moutawakil, Common fixed points under contractive conditions in symmetric spaces, Appl. Math. E-Notes 3 (2003) 156-162] and Theorem 2 of [M. Aamri, D. El Moutawakil, Some new common fixed point theorems under strict contractive conditions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 270 (2002) 181-188].     

Delay effect in models of population growth

First, we systematize earlier results on the global stability of the model of population growth. Second, we investigate the effect of delay on the asymptotic behavior when the nonlinearity f is a unimodal function. Our results can be applied to several population models [Elements of Mathematical Ecology, 2001 [7]; Appl. Anal. 43 (1992) 109-124; Math. Comput. Modelling, in press; Funkt. Biol. Med. 256 (1982) 156-164; Math. Comput. Modelling 35 (2002) 719-731; Mat. Stos. 6 (1976) 25-40] because the function f does not need to be monotone or differentiable. Specifically, our results generalize earlier result of [Delay Differential Equations with Applications in Population Dynamics, 1993], since our function f may not be differentiable.     

The Laplace transform on time scales revisited

In this work, we reexamine the time scale Laplace transform as defined by Bohner and Peterson [M. Bohner, A. Peterson, Dynamic Equations on Time Scales: An Introduction with Applications, Birkhäuser, Boston, 2001; M. Bohner, A. Peterson, Laplace transform and Z-transform: Unification and extension, Methods Appl. Anal. 9 (1) (2002) 155-162]. In particular, we give conditions on the class of functions which have a transform, develop an inversion formula for the transform, and further, we provide a convolution for the transform. The notion of convolution leads to considering its algebraic structure—in particular the existence of an identity element—motivating the development of the Dirac delta functional on time scales. Applications and examples of these concepts are given.     

Some notes on the paper “Cone metric spaces and fixed point theorems of contractive mappings”

Huang and Zhang reviewed cone metric spaces in 2007 [Huang Long-Guang, Zhang Xian, Cone metric spaces and fixed point theorems of contractive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 332 (2007) 1468-1476]. We shall prove that there are no normal cones with normal constant M<1 and for each k>1 there are cones with normal constant M>k. Also, by providing non-normal cones and omitting the assumption of normality in some results of [Huang Long-Guang, Zhang Xian, Cone metric spaces and fixed point theorems of contractive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 332 (2007) 1468-1476], we obtain generalizations of the results.     

Solution operator approximations for characteristic roots of delay differential equations

In this paper a new method for the numerical computation of characteristic roots for linear autonomous systems of Delay Differential Equations (DDEs) is proposed. The new approach enlarges the class of methods recently developed (see [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 40 (2002) 629; D. Breda, Methods for numerical computation of characteristic roots for delay differential equations: experimental comparison, in: BIOCOMP2002: Topics in Biomathematics and Related Computational Problems at the Beginning of the Third Millennium, Vietri, Italy, 2002, Sci. Math. Jpn. 58 (2) pp. 377–388; D. Breda, The infinitesimal generator approach for the computation of characteristic roots for delay differential equations using BDF methods, Research Report RR2/2002, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Università di Udine, Italy, 2002; IMA J. Numer. Anal. 24 (2004) 1; SIAM J. Sci. Comput. (2004), in press]) and in particular it is based on a Runge–Kutta (RK) time discretization of the solution operator associated with the system. Hence this paper revisits the Linear Multistep (LMS) approach presented in [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 40 (2002) 629] for the multiple discrete delay case and moreover extends it to the distributed delay case. We prove that the method converges with the same order as the underlying RK scheme and illustrate this with some numerical tests that are also used to compare the method with other existing techniques.     

Fixed points and exponential stability of mild solutions of stochastic partial differential equations with delays

The fixed-point theory is first used to consider the stability for stochastic partial differential equations with delays. Some conditions for the exponential stability in pth mean as well as in sample path of mild solutions are given. These conditions do not require the monotone decreasing behavior of the delays, which is necessary in [T. Caraballo, K. Liu, Exponential stability of mild solutions of stochastic partial differential equations with delays, Stoch. Anal. Appl. 17 (1999) 743-763; Ruhollan Jahanipur, Stability of stochastic delay evolution equations with monotone nonlinearity, Stoch. Anal. Appl. 21 (2003) 161-181]. Even in this special case, our results also improve the results in [T. Caraballo, K. Liu, Exponential stability of mild solutions of stochastic partial differential equations with delays, Stoch. Anal. Appl. 17 (1999) 743-763].     

Maximum principles for a fourth order equation from thin plate theory

This paper focuses on a nonlinear equation from thin plate theory of the form Δ(D(x)Δw)−(1−ν)[D,w]+c(x)f(w)=0. We obtain maximum principles for certain functions defined on the solution of this equation using P-functions or auxiliary functions of the types used by Payne [L.E. Payne, Some remarks on maximum principles, J. Anal. Math. 30 (1976) 421-433] and Schaefer [P.W. Schaefer, Solution, gradient, and laplacian bounds in some nonlinear fourth order elliptic equations, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 18 (1987) 430-434].     

On some conjectures proposed by Haı̈m Brezis

Druet (Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linèaire 19(2) (2002) 125) solved two conjectures proposed by Haı̈m Brezis (Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 39 (1986) 17) about “low”-dimension phenomena for some elliptic problem with critical Sobolev exponent. In Druet (Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linèaire 19(2) (2002) 125), the proof of one of the two conjectures is reduced to an asymptotic analysis which is carried over with very general techniques involving pointwise estimates. We propose here a different and simpler approach in the blow-up analysis based on integral estimates and on a careful expansion of the energy functional.     

Generalized intersection bodies are not equivalent

In [A. Koldobsky, A functional analytic approach to intersection bodies, Geom. Funct. Anal. 10 (2000) 1507-1526], A. Koldobsky asked whether two types of generalizations of the notion of an intersection body are in fact equivalent. The structures of these two types of generalized intersection bodies have been studied by the author in [E. Milman, Generalized intersection bodies, J. Funct. Anal. 240 (2) (2006) 530-567], providing substantial evidence for a positive answer to this question. The purpose of this note is to construct a counter-example, which provides a surprising negative answer to this question in a strong sense. This implies the existence of non-trivial non-negative functions in the range of the spherical Radon transform, and the existence of non-trivial spaces which embed in Lp for certain negative values of p.     

Existence and continuation of periodic solutions of autonomous Newtonian systems

In this article, we study the existence and the continuation of periodic solutions of autonomous Newtonian systems. To prove the results we apply the infinite-dimensional version of the degree for SO(2)-equivariant gradient operators defined by the third author in Nonlinear Anal. Theory Methods Appl. 23(1) (1994) 83-102 and developed in Topol. Meth. Nonlinear Anal. 9(2) (1997) 383-417. Using the results due to Rabier [Symmetries, Topological degree and a Theorem of Z.Q. Wang, J. Math. 24(3) (1994) 1087-1115] and Wang [Symmetries and calculation of the degree, Chinese Ann. Math. 10 (1989) 520-536] we show that the Leray-Schauder degree is not applicable in the proofs of our theorems, because it vanishes.     

Convergence theorems for implicit iteration process for a finite family of continuous pseudocontractive mappings

In this paper, a necessary and sufficient conditions for the strong convergence to a common fixed point of a finite family of continuous pseudocontractive mappings are proved in an arbitrary real Banach space using an implicit iteration scheme recently introduced by Xu and Ori [H.K. Xu, R.G. Ori, An implicit iteration process for nonexpansive mappings, Numer. Fuct. Anal. Optim. 22 (2001) 767-773] in condition αn∈(0,1], and also strong and weak convergence theorem of a finite family of strictly pseudocontractive mappings of Browder-Petryshyn type is obtained. The results presented extend and improve the corresponding results of M.O. Osilike [M.O. Osilike, Implicit iteration process for common fixed points of a finite family of strictly pseudocontractive maps, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 294 (2004) 73-81].