降脂中药微量元素的主成分分析和聚类分析

探讨降脂中药中微量元素的种类和含量与其药用价值的相关性。以常用的10种降脂中药作为研究对象,采用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)对其所含微量元素进行测定,运用化学计量学方法中的主成分分析和聚类分析方法进行信息解析。主成分分析结果表明,前4个主因子含有降脂类中药微量元素含量88.96%的信息。根据主成分得分图和聚类分析谱图,可将10种中药分为两类。找出了与每类中药相关性密切的微量元素,解释了10种中药之间的相似性与差异。通过主成分分析和聚类分析初步揭示出10种降脂中药的微量元素与其功效存在相关性,为该类中药的开发提供了科学依据和理论基础。     

通脉降脂灵对实验性小白鼠虚证模型血清锌,铜浓度的影响

研究了通脉降脂灵对实验性小白鼠虚证模型血清锌、铜浓度的影响。结果表明，肌注氢化考的松１．０ｍｇ／只鼠，从第２￣３天起，可出现阴虚证候。血清锌同对照组相比较，明显降低３倍，铜及铜锌比值亦下降，Ｐ〈０．０１。而预先服用通脉降脂灵生药或提取物者，氢化考的松不能复制出阴虚证模型，血清锌、铜浓度及铜锌比值与对照鼠无显著差异，Ｐ〉０．０５。说明通脉降脂灵生药及提取物具有较强防治阴虚证的作用。可用于高血脂的防治     

镁的生化作用和临床意义

概述了镁与调节糖、脂肪、蛋白质、核酸谢的多种酶及激素的关系，介绍了镁治疗妊高症、糖尿病、尿石症、肝硬化等疗效。     

活血化瘀方药与微量元素对高脂血症的治疗分析

重点讨论了活血化瘀方药所含的微量元素对高脂血症的治疗作用。     

1,3-方酸衍生物亲电作用的理论研究

设计了负离子与2,4-二苯基-1,3-环丁烯二酮(Sq)的作用模型,用AM1方法研究了F^-,Cl^-,Br^-,O₂^-,S^2-等负离子与Sq的相互作用.结果表明,负离子对体系具有稳定化作用,离子电荷、离子极化性和取代基效应等对亲电作用有显著的影响.     

思密达治疗口腔溃疡的临床观察

1998年8月－1999年3月采用思密达治疗口腔溃疡32例，并与红霉素（含强的松，维生素B2）治疗口腔溃疡30例比较，结果表明，治疗4天后，思密达组显效率75．00％，总有效率100．0％，而红霉素组显效率6．67％，总有效率40．0％，提示思密达治疗口腔溃疡有较好的临床效果。     

含锌冲剂治疗小儿缺锌的临床观察

本文通过含锌冲剂治疗小儿血锌低下２４例．对患儿临床症状改善情况进行比较，发现改善厌食症状有效率达８６．３６％，反应呼吸道感染有效率达９５．２４％．对缺锌组治疗前与正常儿童血铸进行比较．治疗组血锌比正常组明显偏低，Ｐ＜０．００１，其差异有极显著意义．对治疗组治疗前后的血锌等元素进行测定与比较，口服含锌冲剂治疗后，血锌大部分升高，经ｌ检验，Ｐ＜０．００５，其差别有显著意义。而Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比值在治疗后明显升高，Ｐ＜０．００１，更说明含锌冲剂对调整微量元素有肯定的效果。     

膳食纤维降血脂作用及其机制的研究进展

综述了近年膳食纤维降脂作用及其机制的研究进展.膳食纤维能使血清中胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平降低,高密度脂蛋白水平升高.其主要机制为通过减少膳食中胆固醇的吸收、影响机体中胆固醇的代谢、促进胆固醇的排泄等降低血浆中胆固醇水平;通过增加食物在肠道内的过渡时间、延缓胃排空、减缓或降低脂肪的吸收等机制降低血浆中甘油三酯水...     

缓蚀剂的作用机理

金属的腐蚀给世界各国的工农业生产带来了巨大的经济损失,这种损失还在不断增加。以美国为例,1975年的腐蚀损失达700亿美元,占国民经济总产值的4.2%,到1986年腐蚀损     

锌锰元素对男性性功能障碍的双向治疗作用

对男性性功能障碍诸如阳痿、阳强症，以临床实例为据，用中西两种医学理论为指导，突出分析微量元素锌、锰的治疗作用，初步验证出锌锰元素在治疗阳痿、阳强这类病证，在对交感神经和副交感神经调控方面有着双向治疗作用。     

两种降血糖药的元素含量测定及其临床意义

用原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种降解药物中元素含量。结果显示，两种降糖药物中Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ，Ｎｉ较为丰富，明显高于正常值，其中Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ高于正常值的２￣１７０倍，提示两种降糖药物的元素含量，对纠正糖尿病含量的元素紊乱，有一定的临床意义，为糖尿病患者选择治疗药物提供了科学的依据。     

百草元营养包临床应用观察

测定了百草元营养包中含有人体所必需的十四种微量元素和几种宏量元素，从微量元素与保健的角度，观察了百草元营养包补充人体常见缺乏的微量元素和治疗多种常见慢性病的效果，总有效率达89％。     

中药组方指纹图谱研究方法和思路

中药组方就是将单味中药按照一定的规律配伍成方,因剂量配伍差异会导致组方理化性质的改变,从而导致组方功效强弱、性质方面发生变化,甚至产生新的化学成分。中药组方鉴别与质量控制一直是困扰中药工作者的一个难题。指纹图谱技术具有宏观、准确、稳定等优点,已被广泛用于中药领域。中药组方指纹图谱是解决中药合理组方配伍的最有效手段,其对中药质量控制已经得到普遍关注和重视。由于指纹图谱具有整体定量功能和特征性鉴别作用,对于成分复杂的中药组方能够全面地定性与定量评价。本文就中药组方指纹图谱的研究意义与目的进行了综述,并详细阐述了组方指纹图谱的研究方法与思路,以此为中药及其组方指纹图谱研究提供参考。     

复方祛风湿止痛药粉末中挥发性成分的静态顶空-气相色谱-质谱分析

利用静态顶空-毛细管气相色谱-质谱方法对复方祛风湿止痛药中挥发性成分进行了分析,运用质谱检索和保留指数对其中主要的60种挥发性成分进行了定性．该药中各种挥发性成分的相对含量分别为萜类(54．5％)、萜类衍生物(9．6％)、酚醚类(15．0％)和脂肪醇醛(8．5％),主要为β-古芸烯(20．5％)、蒿脑(14．5％)、β-蛇床烯(6．0％)和β-绿叶烯(5．7％)．分析结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0．54％～8．39％之间．     

The Effects of Andrographolide on the Enhancement of Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis in Human Suprapatellar Fat Pad Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid herb, which is isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, and widely used for its potential medical properties. However, there are no reports on the effects of andrographolide on the human suprapatellar fat pad of osteoarthritis patients. In the present study, our goal was to evaluate the innovative effects of andrographolide on viability and Tri-lineage differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from suprapatellar fat pad tissues. The results revealed that andrographolide had no cytotoxic effects when the concentration was less than 12.5 µM. Interestingly, andrographolide had significantly enhanced, dose dependent, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis as evidenced by a significantly intensified stain for Alizarin Red S, Toluidine Blue and Alcian Blue. Moreover, andrographolide can upregulate the expression of genes related to osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, including Runx2, OPN, Sox9, and Aggrecan in mesenchymal stem cells from human suprapatellar fat pad tissues. In contrast, andrographolide suppressed adipogenic differentiation as evidenced by significantly diminished Oil Red O staining and expression levels for adipogenic-specific genes for PPAR-γ2 and LPL. These findings confirm that andrographolide can specifically enhance osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells from human suprapatellar fat pad tissues. It has potential as a therapeutic agent derived from natural sources for regenerative medicine.     

国产滤纸室温燐光背景的考察和降低背景方法的研究

固体基质室温燐光法(SS-RTP)的检出限依赖于固体基质的RTP背景的高低。本文考察了七种国产滤纸在重原子存在时和不存在时的RTP背景。研究了各种降低滤纸背景的处理方法。研究结果表明,采用NaOH、β-环糊精、EDTA、乙醇和丙酮浸泡或煮沸滤纸,都能不同程度的降低滤纸背景,最大降低率为88％。KI、NaAc、Pb(Ac)_2、TlNO_3和Cscl等重原子可使滤纸背景有较大幅度的增强,而经处理的滤纸,RTP背景较未处理滤纸背景降低一倍以上,最大可降低94.5％。用NaOH溶液处理滤纸,不仅能有效地降低背景,而且能提高分析物的RTP信号。研究表明纤维素伴生物质——木素,可能是产生燐光背景的杂质之一。     

治肺癌复方中铬,镍的形态分析

本实验对含１３味中药的治肺癌复方原药，头煎及二煎残渣和浸汁，经０．４５μ膜分离的颗粒物，可溶态，以及可溶态分别通过阳离子交换树脂，用三氯甲烷萃取后所得各自柱截留物，穿过物，有机相，水相等共１５个样品中铬，镍，按照中药微量元素初级和次形态分析的要求，进行分析测定，以此计算出一套形态分析参数和相关数据，为探讨中草约中微量元素的化学形态提供了新的信息。     

Correlations of Fat Content in Human Milk with Fat Droplet Size and Phospholipid Species

Fat globule size and phospholipid (PL) content in human milk (HM) were investigated. HM was classified into three groups depending on fat content (A < B < C). PL content (mg/100 g HM) was significantly higher in the C group (p < 0.05), indicating its positive relationship with HM fat content. When the PL content was normalized (mg/g fat), that of group A was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and fat droplet size in group C was slightly larger, suggesting that HM fat content is affected by fat droplet numbers to a larger extent than by fat droplet size. A correlation between PC and SM content in HM was observed regardless of fat content, while correlation between PE and either PC or SM increased in the order of C > B > A, hence the composition and content of PL species in HM varied according to its fat content.     

Study on the Performance of Three Different Capillary Gas Chromatographic Analyses in the Evaluation of Milk Fat Purity

The adulteration of milk fat with foreign fat has been and still is a major concern in the dairy industry. Milk fat purity is currently evaluated by triglyceride analysis by using the Official EU method. The detection limit of the various vegetable and animal fats ranges between 4 and 6%. This research was carried out to verify whether it is possible to decrease the detection limits of beef tallow, which is the most widely used adulterating animal fat. For this purpose, determinations of diglycerides and 3,5-cholestadiene, together with the Official EU method, were applied both to several samples of pure milk fat and to mixtures of milk fat with different percentages of beef tallow. The best results were obtained combining the data deriving from the three determinations by multivariate statistical techniques; in particular, the statistical model obtained by the UNEQ technique seems to be able to decrease the detection limit of beef tallow from 5.2 to 2%. The diglyceride and 3,5-cholestadiene evaluation, combined with the Official EU method for triglycerides, can be usefully applied both to detect small additions of beef tallow and to demonstrate the adulteration of milk fat samples showing results close to the detection limit of the official method.     

Fat crystallization in complex food emulsions: Effects of adsorbed milk proteins and of a whipping process

Crystallization of fat droplets in complex emulsions, which differed only by the initial structure of proteins, was studied by differential scanning calorimetry, before and after application of a whipping process. Upon cooling at 5 or 1°C min^–1, the temperature needed to initiate fat crystallization was lower, and one more distinguishable crystallization peak was detected in emulsions containing caseins, in comparison with the emulsion containing pure whey proteins. Furthermore, the whipping process was accompanied by more protein depletion from the fat droplet surface, less resistance to coalescence, and a lower supercooling effect in the emulsion based on pure whey proteins.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.