The composition of the essential oils ofThymus marschallianus

The essential oil ofThymus marschallianus was obtained by steam distillation of freshly-gathered flowering plants growing at various heights of the Trans-Ili Ala-Tau range (Kazakhstan). The number of components detected was 49, of which 35 were identified. No appreciable differences in the composition of the essential oil with a change in the height of growth of the plant were observed. The essential oil ofTh. marschallianus and of a number of species growing in various countries have been compared.     

Oils of the seeds of Ziziphora pedicellata and Eremostachys molluceloides

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds of the wild speciesZiziphora pedicellata andEremostachys molluceloides (Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride, pigment, and hydrocarbon compositions of these oils and the fatty-acid composition of the oil ofZ. pedicellata have been determined.The oil ofE. molluceloides contains laballenic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 324–328, May–June, 1975.     

Compounds of the pyran series as components of the essential oils ofTanacetum boreale andAjania fastigiata

It has been established that the essential oils ofTanacetum boreale andAjania fastigiata contain as their main components 3-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-vinyltetrahydropyran and its acylated and oxidized derivatives.Institute of Chemical Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Alma-Ata. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 332–335, May–June, 1985.     

Oil of the seeds of Hibiscus syriacus

Summary The physical and chemical properties and the fatty acid and triglyceride compositions of the oil ofHibiscus syriacus L. have been investigated. The oil was found to contain 16.87% of the cyclopropenoid acids malvalic and sterculic acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 719–722, November–December, 1973.     

New terpenoids of the essential oil of Ledum palustre

The structures of two new natural compounds isolated from the essential oil ofLedum palustre L. have been established on the basis of their spectral characteristics as p-mentha-1,8(10)-diene 3,9-epoxide (lepaloks) and 3,10-epoxygermacr-4(14)-en-8-one (lepakson). The chemical structure of ledene as a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon has been determined by chemical correlation.Tomsk State Medical Institute. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 24–29, January–February, 1991.     

The seed oil of Rindera oblongifolia

Summary The oil of the seeds ofRindera oblongifolia, family Boraginaceae, growing in Central Asia, has been studied for the first time. Among the acids of the triglycerides of the oil five types of monoenoic acid differing by the length of the carbon chain but having the same length of the terminal carbon chain — 18:1⁹, 20:1¹¹, 22:1¹³, 24:1¹⁵, and 26:1¹⁷ — have been detected for the first time. This is the first time that the last of these acids has been found in a seed oil of this family.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 26–29, January–February, 1976.     

Structure of a new triterpenoid from the bark of the Siberian larch

Sesquiterpene compounds of the furanoeremophilane series have been isolated from extracts of the roots ofCacalia sp. growing in the Soviet Far East. The presence of antioxidant and antiradical activities in two representatives of the series has been established.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 643–646, September–October, 1989.     

A study of the oils of Ocimum basilicum and Cardaria repens

Summary The seed oils of the plantsOcimum basilicum andCardaria repens have been studied. Their physico-chemical properties and fatty acid and glyceride compositions have been determined. Both oils contain a hydroxy acid of undetermined structure. The oil ofOcimum basilicum contains an unusual trienic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 7–11, January, 1971.     

Presence of monoterpenes of the sylvestrene series in the turpentine oil from the oleoresin of Pinus silvestris

Conclusions It has been shown that an industrial sample of the turpentine oil from the oleoresin ofPinus silvestris contains, in addition to monoterpenes of the p-menthane series, monoterpenes of the m-menthane series: m-mentha-6,8-diene and m-mentha-1,3(8)-diene.Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Belorussian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 318–321, May–June, 1974.     

Coumarins of Fraxinus mandschurica and F. potamophila

Summary The leaves ofFraxinus mandschurica Rupr. and the bark ofF. potamophila Herd. have yielded esculetin, fraxinol, and a new coumarin C₁₀H₈O₅, mp 228–230°C which we have called isofraxetin. On the basis of NMR and UV spectroscopy it has been established that isofraxetin is 5,7-dihydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 493–497, July–August, 1973.     

Pheromones of insects and their analogs

From cyclohexene and caproaldehyde, using ozonolysis and the Knoevenagel reaction, we have synthesized hexadeca-7Z,11E-dien-l-yl acetate — the sex pheromone ofSitotroga cerealella and a component of the sex pheromone ofPectinophora gossypiella.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 704–707, September–October, 1991.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Oils of three representatives of the family Cruciferae. II

Summary The physicochemical properties and fatty-acid composition of the oils of the seeds ofLepidium sativum, Eruca sativa, andThlaspi arvense, with oil contents of 23.08%, 33.46%, and 29.18%, respectively, have been determined. The amounts of erucic acid, which is characteristic for Cruciferae, found were 4.71% in the oil ofL. sativum, 37.18% in that ofE. sativa, and 23.04% in that ofTh. arvense.For communication I, see [1].Zaporozh'e Medical Institute. Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of the Oils and Fats Industry. Basic Scientific-Research Laboratory, Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of the Oils and Fats Industry at the Zaporozh'e Oils and Fats Combine. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 440–442, July–August, 1974.     

Insect pheromones and their analogs. XLVII. Synthesis of 11-oxododeca-3,6-diynoic acid — The acyclic precursor of a macrolide component of pheromones of Oryzaephilus mercator and O. Surinamensis

A new approach is proposed to the synthesis of 11-oxododeca-3,6-diynoic acid — the acyclic precursor of a macrolide component of pheromones ofOryzaephilus mercator andO. surinamensis — from the readily available tetrahydropyran or allylacetone via the intermediate 5-bromo-2,2-ethylenedioxypentane.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Urals Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 288–292, March–April, 1993.     

Synthesis of (E)-dodec-3-en-1-yl acetate — The main component of sex pheromones of Scrobipalpa ocellatella and Scrobipalpopsis solanivora

(E)-Dodec-3-en-l-yl acetate — the main component of the sex pheromones ofScrobipalpa ocellatella andScrobipalpopsis solanivora — has been obtained by a three-stage synthesis from decanal and malonic acid. The overall yield of pheromone was 33% calculated on the initial aldehyde.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 682–683, September–October, 1988.     

Comparative study of the total tRNAs of the seeds of the cotton plant and the seeds ofGinkgo biloba

Summary 1. Three methionine tRNAs have been found both in the total tRNAs of cotton seeds and in those ofGinkgo biloba. In both cases only the first was acylated by methionine with the aid ofE. coli ARSases.2. Four phenylalanine tRNAs have been found in the total tRNAs of cotton seeds, and two in the tRNAs of ginkgo seeds.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 54–56, January–February, 1979.     

Steroid saponins II. Glycosides of Tribulus terrestris

Summary 1. It has been established that the epigeal part ofTribulus terrestris L. contains five steroid saponins. Diosgenin was identified as the aglycone of all these compounds.2. The carbohydrate compositions of the saponins have been determined.For Communication I, see Izv. Akad. Nauk MSSR Ser. Khim. i Biol. Nauk,1971, No. 4, 76.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 475–477, July–August, 1972.