Harmonic functions of general graph Laplacians

We study harmonic functions on general weighted graphs which allow for a compatible intrinsic metric. We prove an \(L^{p}\) Liouville type theorem which is a quantitative integral \(L^{p}\) estimate of harmonic functions analogous to Karp’s theorem for Riemannian manifolds. As corollaries we obtain Yau’s \(L^{p}\) -Liouville type theorem on graphs, identify the domain of the generator of the semigroup on \(L^{p}\) and get a criterion for recurrence. As a side product, we show an analogue of Yau’s \(L^{p}\) Caccioppoli inequality. Furthermore, we derive various Liouville type results for harmonic functions on graphs and harmonic maps from graphs into Hadamard spaces.     

A converse of Baer’s theorem

Schur’s classical theorem states that for a group $G$ , if $G/Z(G)$ is finite, then $G'$ is finite. Baer extended this theorem for the factor group $G/Z_n(G)$ , in which $Z_n(G)$ is the $n$ -th term of the upper central series of $G$ . Hekster proved a converse of Baer’s theorem as follows: If $G$ is a finitely generated group such that $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ is finite, then $G/Z_n(G)$ is finite where $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ denotes the $(n+1)$ st term of the lower central series of $G$ . In this paper, we generalize this result by obtaining the same conclusion under the weaker hypothesis that $G/Z_n(G)$ is finitely generated. Furthermore, we show that the index of the subgroup $Z_n(G)$ is bounded by a precisely determined function of the order of $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ . Moreover, we prove that the mentioned theorem of Hekster is also valid under a weaker condition that $Z_{2n}(G)/Z_{n}(G)$ is finitely generated. Although in this case the bound for the order of $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ is not achieved.     

On locally analytic Beilinson–Bernstein localization and the canonical dimension

Let $\mathbf{G}$ be a connected split reductive group over a $p$ -adic field. In the first part of the paper we prove, under certain assumptions on $\mathbf{G}$ and the prime $p$ , a localization theorem of Beilinson–Bernstein type for admissible locally analytic representations of principal congruence subgroups in the rational points of $\mathbf{G}$ . In doing so we take up and extend some recent methods and results of Ardakov–Wadsley on completed universal enveloping algebras (Ardakov and Wadsley, Ann. Math., 2013) to a locally analytic setting. As an application we prove, in the second part of the paper, a locally analytic version of Smith’s theorem on the canonical dimension.     

The Lattice of Varieties of Completely Regular Semigroups

Polák’s theorem on the structure of the (lattice of) varieties of completely regular semigroups provides an isomorphic copy of the interval $[{\cal S,CR}]$ of varieties which contain semilattices in terms of certain functions. We give a variant of this theorem for the lattice ${\cal L(CR)}$ of all varieties of completely regular semigroups in terms of pairs with componentwise inclusion. The first entry of these pairs is a band variety and the second consists of a ?₀-tuple of members of ${\cal K}_0$ . Here ${\cal K}_0$ is the set of varieties which satisfy ${\cal V}_K={\cal V}$ where ${\cal V}_K$ is the least element of the K-class containing ${\cal V}$ . We have based the proof of our theorem on Polák’s theorem for the sake of expediency and comparison. It utilizes a set of varieties which we term canonical. Several corollaries treat various special cases.     

Factorization of Lipschitz functions and absolute convergence of Vilenkin-Fourier series

LetG be a Vilenkin group (i.e., an infinite, compact, metrizable, zero-dimensional Abelian group). Our main result is a factorization theorem for functions in the Lipschitz spaces \(\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{p}\) (α,p; G). As colloraries of this theorem, we obtain (i) an extension of a factorization theorem ofY. Uno; (ii) a convolution formula which says that \(\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{p} (\alpha , r; G) = \mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{p} (\beta , l; G)*\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{p} (\alpha - \beta , r; G)\) for 0<β<α<∞ and 1≤r≤∞; and (iii) an analogue, valid for allG, of a classical theorem ofHardy andLittlewood. We also present several results on absolute convergence of Fourier series defined onG, extending a theorem ofC. W. Onneweer and four results ofN. Ja. Vilenkin andA. I. Rubinshtein. The fourVilenkin-Rubinshtein results are analogues of classical theorems due, respectively, toO. Szász, S. B. Bernshtein, A. Zygmund, andG. G. Lorentz.     

Simplicity of normal subgroups and conjugacy class sizes

Given a finite group \(G\) which possesses a non-abelian simple normal subgroup \(N\) having exactly four \(G\) -class sizes, we prove that \(N\) is isomorphic to PSL \((2, 2^a)\) with \(a\ge 2\) . Thus, we obtain an extension for normal subgroups of the classic N. Itô’s theorem which characterizes those finite simple groups with exactly four class sizes.     

Scalarization of \epsilon -Super Efficient Solutions of Set-Valued Optimization Problems in Real Ordered Linear Spaces

In this paper, we investigate the scalarization of \(\epsilon \) -super efficient solutions of set-valued optimization problems in real ordered linear spaces. First, in real ordered linear spaces, under the assumption of generalized cone subconvexlikeness of set-valued maps, a dual decomposition theorem is established in the sense of \(\epsilon \) -super efficiency. Second, as an application of the dual decomposition theorem, a linear scalarization theorem is given. Finally, without any convexity assumption, a nonlinear scalarization theorem characterized by the seminorm is obtained.     

Newform theory for Hilbert Eisenstein series

In his thesis, Weisinger (Thesis, 1977) developed a newform theory for elliptic modular Eisenstein series. This newform theory for Eisenstein series was later extended to the Hilbert modular setting by Wiles (Ann. Math. 123(3):407–456, 1986). In this paper, we extend the theory of newforms for Hilbert modular Eisenstein series. In particular, we provide a strong multiplicity-one theorem in which we prove that Hilbert Eisenstein newforms are uniquely determined by their Hecke eigenvalues for any set of primes having Dirichlet density greater than $\frac{1}{2}$ . Additionally, we provide a number of applications of this newform theory. Let denote the space of Hilbert modular Eisenstein series of parallel weight k≥3, level $\mathcal{N}$ and Hecke character Ψ over a totally real field K. For any prime $\mathfrak{q}$ dividing $\mathcal{N}$ , we define an operator $C_{\mathfrak{q}}$ generalizing the Hecke operator $T_{\mathfrak{q}}$ and prove a multiplicity-one theorem for with respect to the algebra generated by the Hecke operators $T_{\mathfrak{p}}$ ( $\mathfrak{p}\nmid\mathcal{N}$ ) and the operators $C_{\mathfrak{q}}$ ( $\mathfrak{q}\mid\mathcal{N}$ ). We conclude by examining the behavior of Hilbert Eisenstein newforms under twists by Hecke characters, proving a number of results having a flavor similar to those of Atkin and Li (Invent. Math. 48(3):221–243, 1978).     

On some free boundary problem for a compressible barotropic viscous fluid flow

In this paper, we prove a local in time unique existence theorem for the free boundary problem of a compressible barotropic viscous fluid flow without surface tension in the \(L_p\) in time and \(L_q\) in space framework with \(2 < p < \infty \) and \(N < q < \infty \) under the assumption that the initial domain is a uniform \(W^{2-1/q}_q\) one in \({\mathbb {R}}^{N}\, (N \ge 2\) ). After transforming a unknown time dependent domain to the initial domain by the Lagrangian transformation, we solve problem by the Banach contraction mapping principle based on the maximal \(L_p\) – \(L_q\) regularity of the generalized Stokes operator for the compressible viscous fluid flow with free boundary condition. The key issue for the linear theorem is the existence of \({\mathcal {R}}\) -bounded solution operator in a sector, which combined with Weis’s operator valued Fourier multiplier theorem implies the generation of analytic semigroup and the maximal \(L_p\) – \(L_q\) regularity theorem. The nonlinear problem we studied here was already investigated by several authors (Denisova and Solonnikov, St. Petersburg Math J 14:1–22, 2003; J Math Sci 115:2753–2765, 2003; Secchi, Commun PDE 1:185–204, 1990; Math Method Appl Sci 13:391–404, 1990; Secchi and Valli, J Reine Angew Math 341:1–31, 1983; Solonnikov and Tani, Constantin carathéodory: an international tribute, vols 1, 2, pp 1270–1303, World Scientific Publishing, Teaneck, 1991; Lecture notes in mathematics, vol 1530, Springer, Berlin, 1992; Tani, J Math Kyoto Univ 21:839–859, 1981; Zajaczkowski, SIAM J Math Anal 25:1–84, 1994) in the \(L_2\) framework and Hölder spaces, but our approach is different from them.     

On the representation of tight functionals as integrals

We consider a vector lattice $\mathcal L $ of bounded real continuous functions on a topological space $X$ that separates the points of $X$ and contains the constant functions. A notion of tightness for linear functionals is defined, and by an elementary argument we prove with the aid of the classical Riesz representation theorem that every tight continuous linear functional on $\mathcal L $ can be represented by integration with respect to a Radon measure. This result leads incidentally to an simple proof of Prokhorov’s existence theorem for the limit of a projective system of Radon measures.     

Weighted Dunkl transform inequalities and application on radial Besov spaces

In Dunkl theory on $\mathbb R ^d$ which generalizes classical Fourier analysis, we prove first weighted inequalities for certain Hardy-type averaging operators. In particular, we deduce for specific choices of the weights the $d$ -dimensional Hardy inequalities whose constants are sharp and independent of $d$ . Second, we use the weight characterization of the Hardy operator to prove weighted Dunkl transform inequalities. As consequence, we obtain Pitt’s inequality which gives an integrability theorem for this transform on radial Besov spaces.     

The structure theorem for comodule algebras over Hopf algebroids

We obtain the structure theorem for $(H, \mathcal{H})$ -Hopf bimodules over Hopf algebroids, where H is the total algebra of the Hopf algebroid  $\mathcal{H}$ . Based on this theorem, we investigate the structure theorem for comodule algebras over Hopf algebroids.     

Menger’s theorem in {{\Pi^1_1\tt{-CA}_0}}

We prove Menger’s theorem for countable graphs in ${{\Pi^1_1\tt{-CA}_0}}$ . Our proof in fact proves a stronger statement, which we call extended Menger’s theorem, that is equivalent to ${{\Pi^1_1\tt{-CA}_0}}$ over ${{\tt{RCA}_0}}$ .     

Limit theorems for von Mises statistics of a measure preserving transformation

For a measure preserving transformation \(T\) of a probability space \((X,\mathcal{F },\mu )\) and some \(d \ge 1\) we investigate almost sure and distributional convergence of random variables of the form $$\begin{aligned} x \rightarrow \frac{1}{C_n} \sum _{0\le i_1,\ldots ,\,i_d where \(C_1, C_2,\ldots \) are normalizing constants and the kernel \(f\) belongs to an appropriate subspace in some \(L_p(X^d\!,\, \mathcal{F }^{\otimes d}\!,\,\mu ^d)\) . We establish a form of the individual ergodic theorem for such sequences. Using a filtration compatible with \(T\) and the martingale approximation, we prove a central limit theorem in the non-degenerate case; for a class of canonical (totally degenerate) kernels and \(d=2\) , we also show that the convergence holds in distribution towards a quadratic form \(\sum _{m=1}^{\infty } \lambda _m\eta ^2_m\) in independent standard Gaussian variables \(\eta _1, \eta _2, \ldots \) .     

Uncertainty principles for the Cherednik transform

We shall investigate two uncertainty principles for the Cherednik transform on the Euclidean space $\mathfrak a$ ; Miyachi??s theorem and Beurling??s theorem. We give an analogue of Miyachi?? theorem for the Cherednik transform and under the assumption that $\mathfrak a$ has a hypergroup structure, an analogue of Beurling??s theorem for the Cherednik transform.     

Classification of conformal minimal immersions of constant curvature from S^2 to { HP}^2

In this paper, we study geometry of conformal minimal two-spheres immersed in quaternionic projective spaces. We firstly use Bahy-El-Dien and Wood’s results to obtain some characterizations of the harmonic sequences generated by conformal minimal immersions from \(S^2\) to the quaternionic projective space \({ HP}^2\) . Then we give a classification theorem of linearly full totally unramified conformal minimal immersions of constant curvature from \(S^2\) to the quaternionic projective space \({ HP}^2\) .     

Bounding the rank of Hermitian forms and rigidity for CR mappings of hyperquadrics

Using Green’s hyperplane restriction theorem, we prove that the rank of a Hermitian form on the space of holomorphic polynomials is bounded by a constant depending only on the maximum rank of the form restricted to affine manifolds. As an application we prove a rigidity theorem for CR mappings between hyperquadrics in the spirit of the results of Baouendi–Huang and Baouendi–Ebenfelt–Huang. Given a real-analytic CR mapping of a hyperquadric (not equivalent to a sphere) to another hyperquadric $Q(A,B)$ , either the image of the mapping is contained in a complex affine subspace, or $A$ is bounded by a constant depending only on $B$ . Finally, we prove a stability result about existence of nontrivial CR mappings of hyperquadrics. That is, as long as both $A$ and $B$ are sufficiently large and comparable, then there exist CR mappings whose image is not contained in a hyperplane. The rigidity result also extends when mapping to hyperquadrics in infinite dimensional Hilbert-space.     

Tilting Theory and Functor Categories II. Generalized Tilting

In this paper we continue the project of generalizing tilting theory to the category of contravariant functors $\mathrm{Mod}(\mathcal{C})$ , from a skeletally small preadditive category $\mathcal{C}$ to the category of abelian groups, initiated in [15]. We introduce the notion of a generalized tilting category $\mathcal{T}$ , and we concentrate here on extending Happel’s theorem to $\mathrm{Mod}(\mathcal{C})$ ; more specifically, we prove that there is an equivalence of triangulated categories $\mathcal{D}^{b}( \mathrm{Mod}(\mathcal{C}))\cong \mathcal{D}^{b}(\mathrm{Mod}(\mathcal{T}))$ . We then add some restrictions on our category $\mathcal{C}$ , in order to obtain a version of Happel’s theorem for the categories of finitely presented functors. We end the paper proving that some of the theorems for artin algebras, relating tilting with contravariantly finite categories proved in Auslander and Reiten (Adv Math 12(3):306–366, 1974; Adv Math 86(1):111–151, 1991), can be extended to the category of finitely presented functors $\mathrm{mod}(\mathcal{C})$ , with $\mathcal{C}$ a dualizing variety.     

Contact structures on M \times S^2

We show that if a manifold $M$ admits a contact structure, then so does $M \times S^2$ . Our proof relies on surgery theory, a theorem of Eliashberg on contact surgery and a theorem of Bourgeois showing that if $M$ admits a contact structure then so does $M \times T^2$ .     

Rigidity Theorems for Spherical Hyperexpansions

The class of spherical hyperexpansions is a multi-variable analog of the class of hyperexpansive operators with spherical isometries and spherical 2-isometries being special subclasses. It is known that in dimension one, an invertible $2$ -hyperexpansion is unitary. This rigidity theorem allows one to prove a variant of the Berger–Shaw Theorem which states that a finitely multi-cyclic $2$ -hyperexpansion is essentially normal. In the present paper, we seek for multi-variable manifestations of this rigidity theorem. In particular, we provide several conditions on a spherical hyperexpansion which ensure it to be a spherical isometry. We further carry out the analysis of the rigidity theorems at the Calkin algebra level and obtain some conditions for essential normality of a spherical hyperexpansion. In the process, we construct several interesting examples of spherical hyperexpansions which are structurally different from the Drury-Arveson $m$ -shift.