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Multiple criteria models for evaluation of competitive bids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Email: slliu{at}mail.east.net.cnAuthor for correspondence Email: mskklai{at}cityu.edu.hkEmail: sywang{at}iss02.iss.ac.cn In this paper, two general bidding systems are proposed to aidan owner to select one contractor based on multiple-attributedecision making models. They are named the general multiple-attributelower-bidder system and the general multiple-attribute average-bid system and are an extension (and refreshment) of the multiparameterbidding system and the average-bid method, respectively. Thepreference of the owner over the criteria (or attributes) relevantto construction work award is incorporated into the two newsystems if necessary and required by the owner. The values ofthe attributes (excluding the cost) required to be determinedby the owner in the multiparameter bidding system are not necessarilydetermined in the general multiple-attribute lower-bidder system.This reduces the burden to the owner. The two new bidding systemsare demonstrated via an example, and are compared with the multiparameterbidding system and the average-bid method. The comparisons showthat the preference of the owner in regard to the attributesrelevant to selection of contractors has a significant effecton bid evaluation. The two new systems preserve the form ofthe competitive bidding concept and can easily be applied topractice. 相似文献
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Email: j.yeomansl{at}physics.oxford.ac.uk We discuss how lattice Boltzmann simulations can be used tomodel the self-assembly and flow properties of complex fluids.The aim is to include both the hydrodynamic (viscous, diffusive)and the equilibrium (phase ordering, interface profiles) fluidproperties. Examples include the decomposition of a dropletunder extensional flow and phase separation of binary and lamellarfluids. 相似文献
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Centonza Angelo; Owens Thomas J.; Cosmas John; Song Yong-Hua 《IMA Journal of Management Mathematics》2007,18(3):245-267
Email: angelo.centonza{at}brunel.ac.uk Corresponding author. Email: thomas.owens{at}brunel.ac.uk Email: john.cosmas{at}brunel.ac.uk¶ Email: y.h.song{at}brunel.ac.uk
Received on 26 November 2005. Accepted on 20 March 2007. The evolution of wireless systems has led recently to the deploymentof cooperative network infrastructures where networks basedon different technologies cooperate together to offer innovativeservices which the networks individually could not offer. Cooperativenetwork infrastructures are hybrid systems. Examples of hybridsystems are already in use in areas as diverse power systemsand locomotion systems. It is very important to apply efficientsystem management techniques to hybrid systems that produceadvantageous business case scenarios for each participatingsystem and efficient use of the available resources. In thispaper, scenarios are investigated where cooperation betweenan integrated project (IP)-based broadcast network and an IP-basedmobile telecommunications network has the potential to allowservices to be provided to mobile users which would not be economicalto offer over either an IP-based broadcast network or an IP-basedmobile telecommunications network alone. The paper presentsa novel technique for determining which network to use to deliversuch services at a given point in time. The application of thistechnique in appropriate scenarios has the potential to generateadditional income for both the IP-based broadcast network operatorand the IP-based mobile telecommunications network operatorin an infrastructure where the operators cooperate to offerinnovative services. The paper explains the construction ofutility functions for cooperative IP-based broadcast and mobiletelecommunications networks. These utility functions are thenused to provide results that enable the efficiency of the managementof the network to be assessed in terms of the utility volumegenerated by the innovative services provided. 相似文献
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Email: g.damico{at}unich.it
Received on 6 December 2006. Accepted on 2 April 2008. The impact of a preventive rating maintenance policy on therating process is investigated through the definition of a semi-Markovmaintenance model with imperfect repair at random times. Theresults allow us to study the rating migrations process in thetransient and the asymptotic case. 相似文献
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Email: mgt.liu{at}utoronto.ca Email: makis{at}mie.utoronto.ca
Received on 4 August 2006. Accepted on 14 December 2006. An effective gearbox failure diagnosis helps prevent catastrophicgearbox failure and can contribute to significant economic benefits.This paper proposes a gear failure diagnosis method based onvector autoregressive modelling of high-frequency vibrationdata, dimensionality reduction applying dynamic principal componentanalysis (PCA) and condition monitoring using a multivariatecontrol chart. After extracting useful information from thevibration data obtained from distinct directions via dynamicPCA, a failure diagnosis scheme is implemented and tested usingreal gearbox vibration data. It is shown that the failure diagnosisscheme can indicate the gear teeth failure pattern when thegear is damaged, which has not been demonstrated in the previousstudies. For a comparison, PCA is applied to the same data set.The results show that the advantages of dynamic PCA over PCAfor failure diagnosis using vibration data consist not onlyin indicating more accurately the occurrence of incipient faultand the actual gear condition, but also in a much lower falsealarm rate. 相似文献
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Email: cuny{at}cardiff.ac.uk This paper supports the view that neural networks are best seenas devices that can approximate a wide range of functions. Theauthors argue the need to consider the precise details of howthe approximations operate in practice. The paper shows howstandard network models can be regarded as polynomial functions,obtained from expanding exponential terms. Multivariate Taylor-seriesexpansions, obtained through the MAPLE software package, areused for this purpose. The expansions serve to cast light onthe role of the hidden nodes. Also considered is the relativedifficulty of fitting different types of function. Quadraticfunctions are compared with Gaussian shapes. 相似文献
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Han J. D.; Jiang Z.; Nie Y. Y. 《IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information》2007,24(4):473-482
Email: jdhan{at}sia.cn Email: zhjiang{at}sia.cn Corresponding author Email: nyy{at}sia.cn
Received on March 6, 2006; Accepted on September 4, 2006 In this paper, the conception of numerical stabilization, whichis related to mantissa digits of computer and dimensions ofsystem, is described; and several strategies for the numericalstabilization of polynomial and matrix are presented. 相似文献
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ALTMANN DORIS; ALTMANN KLAUS 《IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information》2000,17(2):137-146
Email: altmannd{at}rki.deEmail: altmann{at}mathematik.hu-berlin.de The approach of N Gay for estimating the coverage of a multivalentvaccine from antibody prevalence data in certain age cohortsis complemented by using computer aided elimination theory ofvariables. Hereby, Gay's usage of numerical approximation canbe replaced by exact formulae which are surprisingly nice, too. 相似文献
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AINSWORTH M.; KELLY D. W.; SLOAN I. H.; WANG S. L. 《IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis》1997,17(4):547-561
Email: ain{at}mcs.le.ac.uk Email: D.Kelly{at}unsw.edu.au* Email: I.Sloan{at}unsw.edu.au** Email: swang{at}cs.curtin.edu.au It is shown how the finite element approximation of a nonlinearheat conduction problem may be post-processed to yield enhancedapproximations to the solution and the flux at any point inthe domain. Sharp computable bounds on the accuracy of the post-processedapproximations are derived. A criterion is identified for guidingadaptive refinements of the finite element discretization. Anumerical example is given illustrating the theoretical results. 相似文献
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Email: R.Tunaru{at}mdx.ac.uk Governments and local authorities spend large sums of moneycollecting information about road accidents. Statistical modelsare applied to extract valuable information that can be subsequentlyused to design safety measures and safety policies. Two largesubsets of data are explored using graphical modelling. It isshown how to overcome some difficulties due to the nature ofroad accident data and how to reduce the dimensionality of theanalysis without having any problem with Simpson's paradox.This type of analysis is new in this area of research and specificproblems are discussed. 相似文献
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Wu Ligang; Lam James; Wang Changhong 《IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information》2009,26(1):23-44
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A process is considered whose quality deteriorates accordingto a constant failure intensity . As in practice it can be difficultto estimate the true value of the purpose of this paper isto present a strategy which can be applied without knowing .In order to maximize the number of conforming items per timeunit perfect inspections and renewals are performed. The lengthof the inspection interval is described by an arithmetical sequenceand changes by the time depending on perceived assignable causes.Optimal adaptive control plans provide nearly the same performanceas in the case when is known. 相似文献
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This paper considers the finite-element approximation of theelliptic interface problem: -?(u) + cu = f in Rn (n = 2 or3), with u = 0 on , where is discontinuous across a smoothsurface in the interior of . First we show that, if the meshis isoparametrically fitted to using simplicial elements ofdegree k - 1, with k 2, then the standard Galerkin method achievesthe optimal rate of convergence in the H1 and L2 norms overthe approximations l4 of l where l 2. Second, since itmay be computationally inconvenient to fit the mesh to , weanalyse a fully practical piecewise linear approximation ofa related penalized problem, as introduced by Babuska (1970),based on a mesh that is independent of . We show that, by choosingthe penalty parameter appropriately, this approximation convergesto u at the optimal rate in the H1 norm over l4 and in the L2norm over any interior domain l* satisfying l* l** l4 for somedomain l**.
Present address: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH 相似文献
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LI ZHENGGUO; SOH CHEONG BOON; XU XINHE 《IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information》1999,16(4):315-334
Corresponding author, Email: cbsoh{at}auto.eee.ntu.ac.sg This paper considers the controllability and observability ofhybrid dynamic systems with impulsive switching of the otherwisecontinuously evolving state. It derives necessary and sufficientconditions for impulsive hybrid dynamic systems to be controllableand observable. 相似文献
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An elliptic boundary-value problem on a domain with prescribedDirichlet data on I is approximated using a finite-elementspace of approximation power hK in the L2 norm. It is shownthat the total flux across I can be approximated with an errorof O(hK) when is a curved domain in Rn (n = 2 or 3) and isoparametricelements are used. When is a polyhedron, an O(h2K2)approximation is given. We use these results to study the finite-elementapproximation of elliptic equations when the prescribed boundarydata on I is the total flux.
Present address: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QH. 相似文献
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This paper provides characterizations of the Pareto distributionof the second kind, the Pearson type-VII distribution and thet-distribution. These characterizations have been obtained throughmaximization of -entropies. As 1, characterizations of the exponential,the Laplace, and the normal distributions are obtained.
On sabbatical leave from the Department of Statistics, YarmoukUniversity, Irbid, Jordan. 相似文献