On locally conformal almost Kähler manifolds

In the first section of this note, we discuss locally conformal symplectic manifolds, which are differentiable manifoldsV ²ⁿ endowed with a nondegenerate 2-form Ω such thatdΩ=θ ∧ Ω for some closed form θ. Examples and several geometric properties are obtained, especially for the case whendΩ ≠ 0 at every point. In the second section, we discuss the case when Ω above is the fundamental form of an (almost) Hermitian manifold, i.e. the case of the locally conformal (almost) Kähler manifolds. Characterizations of such manifolds are given. Particularly, the locally conformal Kähler manifolds are almost Hermitian manifolds for which some canonically associated connection (called the Weyl connection) is almost complex. Examples of locally conformal (almost) Kähler manifolds which are not globally conformal (almost) Kähler are given. One such example is provided by the well-known Hopf manifolds.     

Curvature identities on almost Hermitian manifolds and applications

We systematically derive the Bianchi identities for the canonical connection on an almost Hermitian manifold.Moreover,we also compute the curvature tensor of the Levi-Civita connection on almost Hermitian manifolds in terms of curvature and torsion of the canonical connection.As applications of the curvature identities,we obtain some results about the integrability of quasi K¨ahler manifolds and nearly K¨ahler manifolds.     

Einstein almost cokähler manifolds

We study an odd‐dimensional analogue of the Goldberg conjecture for compact Einstein almost Kähler manifolds. We give an explicit non‐compact example of an Einstein almost cokähler manifold that is not cokähler. We prove that compact Einstein almost cokähler manifolds with nonnegative *‐scalar curvature are cokähler (indeed, transversely Calabi–Yau); more generally, we give a lower and upper bound for the *‐scalar curvature in the case that the structure is not cokähler. We prove similar bounds for almost Kähler Einstein manifolds that are not Kähler.     

Conformal Riemannian P-manifolds with connections whose curvature tensors are Riemannian P-tensors

The largest class of Riemannian almost product manifolds, which is closed with respect to the group of the conformal transformations of the Riemannian metric, is the class of the conformal Riemannian P-manifolds. This class is an analogue of the class of the conformal Kähler manifolds in almost Hermitian geometry. The main aim of this work is to obtain properties of manifolds of this class with connections, whose curvature tensors have similar properties as the Kähler tensors in Hermitian geometry.     

An Almost Complex Chern–Ricci Flow

We consider the evolution of an almost Hermitian metric by the (1, 1) part of its Chern–Ricci form on almost complex manifolds. This is an evolution equation first studied by Chu and coincides with the Chern–Ricci flow if the complex structure is integrable and with the Kähler–Ricci flow if moreover the initial metric is Kähler. We find the maximal existence time for the flow in term of the initial data and also give some convergence results. As an example, we study this flow on the (locally) homogeneous manifolds in more detail.     

Kähler manifolds of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures

The Kähler manifolds of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures are introduced as Kähler manifolds with complex distribution of codimension two, whose holomorphic sectional curvature only depends on the corresponding point and the geometric angle, associated with the section. A curvature identity characterizing such manifolds is found. The biconformal group of transformations whose elements transform Kähler metrics into Kähler ones is introduced and biconformal tensor invariants are obtained. This makes it possible to classify the manifolds under consideration locally. The class of locally biconformal flat Kähler metrics is shown to be exactly the class of Kähler metrics whose potential function is only a function of the distance from the origin in ? ⁿ . Finally we show that any rotational even dimensional hypersurface carries locally a natural Kähler structure which is of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures.     

Quaternionic Kähler manifolds with Hermitian and Norden metrics

Almost hypercomplex manifolds with Hermitian and Norden metrics and more specially the corresponding quaternionic Kähler manifolds are considered. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for the investigated manifolds to be isotropic hyper-Kählerian and flat are found. It is proved that the quaternionic Kähler manifolds with the considered metric structure are Einstein for dimension at least 8. The class of the non-hyper-Kähler quaternionic Kähler manifolds of the considered type is determined.     

Simple root flows for Hitchin representations

On a Kähler manifold there is a clear connection between the complex geometry and underlying Riemannian geometry. In some ways, this can be used to characterize the Kähler condition. While such a link is not so obvious in the non-Kähler setting, one can seek to understand extensions of these characterizations to general Hermitian manifolds. This idea has been the subject of much study from the cohomological side, however, the focus here is to address such a question from the perspective of curvature relationships. In particular, on compact manifolds the Kähler condition is characterized by the relationship that the Chern scalar curvature is equal to half the Riemannian scalar curvature. What we study here is the existence, or lack thereof, of non-Kähler Hermitian metrics for which a more general proportionality relationship between these scalar curvatures holds.     

On Paraquaternionic Submersions Between Paraquaternionic Kähler Manifolds

In this paper we deal with some properties of a class of semi-Riemannian submersions between manifolds endowed with paraquaternionic structures, proving a result of non-existence of paraquaternionic submersions between paraquaternionic Kähler non-locally hyper para-Kähler manifolds. Then we examine, as an example, the canonical projection of the tangent bundle, endowed with the Sasaki metric, of an almost paraquaternionic Hermitian manifold.     

A note on <Emphasis Type="Italic">tt</Emphasis><Superscript>*</Superscript>-bundles over compact nearly Kähler manifolds

First, we generalize a rigidity result for harmonic maps of Gordon (Gordon (1972) Proc AM Math Soc 33: 433–437) to generalized pluriharmonic maps. We give the construction of generalized pluriharmonic maps from metric tt ^*-bundles over nearly Kähler manifolds. An application of the last two results is that any metric tt ^*-bundle over a compact nearly Kähler manifold is trivial (Theorem A). This result we apply to special Kähler manifolds to show that any compact special Kähler manifold is trivial. This is Lu’s theorem (Lu (1999) Math Ann 313: 711–713) for the case of compact special Kähler manifolds. Further we introduce harmonic bundles over nearly Kähler manifolds and study the implications of Theorem A for tt ^*-bundles coming from harmonic bundles over nearly Kähler manifolds.     

Spectral geometry for almost isospectral hermitian manifolds

The following question was posed by M. Berger: Is it possible to determine from the spectrum of the real Laplacian whether or not a manifold is Kähler? The Kähler condition for Hermitian manifolds is found out from the invariants of the spectrum of some differential operators acting on forms of type (p, q). P. Gilkey and H. Donnelly proved the Berger conjecture for the complex Laplacian and the reduced complex Laplacian respectively. In this paper we consider the Berger conjecture of almost isospectral Hermitian manifolds about the complex Laplacian acting on forms of type (p, q). Then we can show that a closed complexm(≥ 3)-dimensional Hermitian manifold which is strongly (?2/m)-isospectral to the complex projective space CP ^m with the Fubini-Study metric is holomorphically isometric to CP ^m .     

An Equivalence of Scalar Curvatures on Hermitian Manifolds

For a Kähler metric, the Riemannian scalar curvature is equal to twice the Chern scalar curvature. The question we address here is whether this equivalence can hold for a non-Kähler Hermitian metric. For such metrics, if they exist, the Chern scalar curvature would have the same geometric meaning as the Riemannian scalar curvature. Recently, Liu–Yang showed that if this equivalence of scalar curvatures holds even in average over a compact Hermitian manifold, then the metric must in fact be Kähler. However, we prove that a certain class of non-compact complex manifolds do admit Hermitian metrics for which this equivalence holds. Subsequently, the question of to what extent the behavior of said metrics can be dictated is addressed and a classification theorem is proved.     

Aspherical Kähler manifolds with solvable fundamental group

We survey recent developments which led to the proof of the Benson-Gordon conjecture on Kähler quotients of solvable Lie groups. In addition, we prove that the Albanese morphism of a Kähler manifold which is a homotopy torus is a biholomorphic map. The latter result then implies the classification of compact aspherical Kähler manifolds with (virtually) solvable fundamental group up to biholomorphic equivalence. They are all biholomorphic to complex manifolds which are obtained as a quotient of $\mathbb{C}^{n}We survey recent developments which led to the proof of the Benson-Gordon conjecture on K?hler quotients of solvable Lie groups. In addition, we prove that the Albanese morphism of a K?hler manifold which is a homotopy torus is a biholomorphic map. The latter result then implies the classification of compact aspherical K?hler manifolds with (virtually) solvable fundamental group up to biholomorphic equivalence. They are all biholomorphic to complex manifolds which are obtained as a quotient of \mathbbCⁿ\mathbb{C}^{n} by a discrete group of complex isometries.     

Complex points of minimal surfaces in almost Kähler manifolds

If (N, ω, J, g) is an almost Kähler manifold andM is a branched minimal immersion which is not aJ-holomorphic curve, we show that the complex tangents are isolated and that each has a negative index, which extends the results in the Kähler case by S. S. Chern and J. Wolfson [2] and S. Webster [7] to almost Kähler manifolds. As an application, we get lower estimates for the genus of embedded minimal surfaces in almost Kähler manifolds. The proofs of these results are based on the well-known Cartan’s moving frame methods as in [2, 7]. In our case, we must compute the torsion of the almost complex structures and find a useful representation of torsion. Finally, we prove that the minimal surfaces in complex projective plane with any almost complex structure is aJ-holomorphic curve if it is homologous to the complex line.     

Coupled vortex equations and moduli: deformation theoretic approach and Kähler geometry

We investigate differential geometric aspects of moduli spaces parametrizing solutions of coupled vortex equations over a compact Kähler manifold X. These solutions are known to be related to polystable triples via a Kobayashi–Hitchin type correspondence. Using a characterization of infinitesimal deformations in terms of the cohomology of a certain elliptic double complex, we construct a Hermitian structure on these moduli spaces. This Hermitian structure is proved to be Kähler. The proof involves establishing a fiber integral formula for the Hermitian form. We compute the curvature tensor of this Kähler form. When X is a Riemann surface, the holomorphic bisectional curvature turns out to be semi-positive. It is shown that in the case where X is a smooth complex projective variety, the Kähler form is the Chern form of a Quillen metric on a certain determinant line bundle.     

Homogeneous almost complex structures in dimension 6 with semi-simple isotropy

We classify invariant almost complex structures on homogeneous manifolds of dimension 6 with semi-simple isotropy. Those with non-degenerate Nijenhuis tensor have the automorphism group of dimension either 14 or 9. An invariant almost complex structure with semi-simple isotropy is necessarily either of specified 6 homogeneous types or a left-invariant structure on a Lie group. For integrable invariant almost complex structures we classify all compatible invariant Hermitian structures on these homogeneous manifolds, indicate their integrability properties (Kähler, SNK, SKT) and mark the other interesting geometric properties (including the Gray-Hervella type).     

Radical transversal lightlike hypersurfaces of almost complex manifolds with Norden metric

In this paper we introduce radical transversal lightlike hypersurfaces of almost complex manifolds with Norden metric. Such class of lightlike hypersurfaces cannot exist for indefinite almost Hermitian manifolds. The considered lightlike hypersurfaces have two important properties. The first one is the uniqueness of their screen distributions, which implies that the induced geometric objects are well-defined. The second property is that the induced Ricci tensor on radical transversal lightlike hypersurface of a Kähler manifold with Norden metric is symmetric. This allows to define an induced scalar curvature of the hypersurface. We obtain new results about lightlike hypersurfaces concerning their relations with non-degenerate hypersurfaces of almost complex manifolds with Norden metric. Examples of the considered hypersurfaces are given.     

On para‐Kähler Lie algebroids and contravariant pseudo‐Hessian structures

In this paper, we generalize all the results obtained on para‐Kähler Lie algebras in [3] to para‐Kähler Lie algebroids. In particular, we study exact para‐Kähler Lie algebroids as a generalization of exact para‐Kähler Lie algebras. This study leads to a natural generalization of pseudo‐Hessian manifolds, we call them contravariant pseudo‐Hessian manifolds. Contravariant pseudo‐Hessian manifolds have many similarities with Poisson manifolds. We explore these similarities which, among others, leads to a powerful machinery to build examples of non trivial pseudo‐Hessian structures. Namely, we will show that given a finite dimensional commutative and associative algebra , the orbits of the action Φ of on given by are pseudo‐Hessian manifolds, where . We illustrate this result by considering many examples of associative commutative algebras and show that the resulting pseudo‐Hessian manifolds are very interesting.