平板湍流边界层的声辐射

基于平板湍流边界层的壁压起伏波数—频率谱 ,给出了一种湍流边界层声辐射的估算方法 ,并对光滑平板湍流边界层和平板表面粗糙度引起的湍流边界层声辐射进行了分析。结果表明 :湍流边界层声辐射是一种四极子声辐射 ,且其辐射声能集中于平板表面粗糙度引起的湍流边界层声辐射 ;光滑平板湍流边界层的声辐射也不可忽略。     

离心泵叶轮内宾汉流体湍流流场的数值计算

考虑宾汉流体本构关系特点,建立了任意曲线坐标系（ζ,η）下宾汉流体湍流流动的基本方程,应用压力加权校正算法,实现了速度场和压力场的关联,采用交错网格技术,解决了非物理压力振荡问题,在此基础上,对离心泵叶轮内回转面上宾汉流体湍流流动进行了数值模拟,并分析探讨了离心泵叶轮内宾汉流体湍流流动机理。     

大气非线性与湍流过程中动力学复杂性的研究与进展

通过实验数学方法、元胞自动机模型（并行算法与实际过程的模拟）、大型转盘模拟实验以及计算机数值模拟（用串行算法模拟时间演化的长期行为）来研究大气系统非线性过程与湍流过程中出现的混沌随时间演化的宏观特性、气溶胶粒子凝聚增长机制,湍流的拟序结构,系统状态在临界点的突变和多重平衡态以及台风的孤立子拓扑性质,促进学科新概念新方法的相互交叉与渗透,从分析、综合上升到整体研究（ＩｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｖｅＳｔｕｄｙ）,在非线性动力学层次上认识大气系统复杂性的本质,这些都是大气科学领域中当前迅速发展的前沿课题,具有重要的科学意义和实际应用价值。      

床面上直立圆柱的三维湍流数值模拟

从数值预报桥墩等结构物床面局部冲刷的角度发展绕直立圆柱的三维湍流的数值模拟技术. 基于Wilcox的k-ω两方程湍流模式，采用基于有限体积法的压力修正SIMPLE算法, 计算了绕床面直立圆柱的三维湍流流场，分析了光滑和粗糙床面两种情况下的流动情况. 通过系列的验证计算，表明该计算模型能够比较准确地反映不同外来流条件下绕直立圆柱的流场. 计算结果揭示了床面粗糙度对绕圆柱的湍流流动的影响.     

一种改进的均匀各向同性湍流初始化方法

均匀各向同性湍流是一种最简单的湍流理想状态,也是湍流基础理论研究的最重要对象之一.为了用数值方法产生均匀各向同性湍流场,一般采用Rogallo提出的方法在谱空间生成初始场,然后再转换到物理空间.研究表明,由该方法生成的初始湍流场在3个棱向上呈各向异性,在结构函数和速度概率密度分布上均有体现.尽管在初始场样本很多时,这种各向异性可以在平均意义上消除,但作为数值模拟采用的单个流场则波动较大,不利于在实际计算中作为单个初始场生成各向同性湍流.在此基础上提出一种改进的Rogallo初始化方法,称为模量平均法,将Rogallo方法在3个轴向分别进行,并进行模量平均,最后采用能谱进行模量控制.这种方法可以一方面保持初始场能谱,另一方面减小单个流场的各向异性波动,以产生各向同性程度更佳的单个初始场.在统计意义上,新方法可以分别将结构函数和速度概率密度的相对标准差减小约10%.     

液-液旋流分离管中强旋湍流的k-ε数值模拟

采用标准k-ε湍流模型,对一种典型液-液旋流分离管中的强旋湍流进行了数值模拟研究.结果表明:该模型对切向速度的数值预报夸大了Rankine涡中的似固核范围,抹煞了似固核外的位涡区;对轴向速度的数值预报未给出中心回流区;对其它流场参数的预报结果也都存在有明显的不合理之处.由此证明这种基于Boussinesq假设的各向同性湍流模型,虽然在管道流、平面射流和无旋流等简单流动问题中经受住了大量计算实践的检验,但在强旋湍流的数值预报方面的确存在有较大缺陷.此问题的解决有赖于对该模型进行必要的修正或转而采用更加高级的各向异性模型.     

用二阶矩模型研究Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性诱导湍流混合

发展了考虑密度脉动和各向异性湍流的二阶矩模型,强调了涉及湍流能量产生项的关联。采用该模型对Poggi等的激波管实验进行了模拟。通过与实验结果的比较分析,验证了采用的模型封闭、模型常数、数值算法和程序实现是合适的。在此基础上,进一步探讨了冲击马赫数和Atwood数对混合的影响。     

强吸气旋转圆筒壁面湍流边界层建模及计算

提出了湍流边界层的一种简单、快速计算方法, 用以求解强吸气作用下旋转圆筒表面边界层流动. 首先, 理论分析了同心圆筒间的旋转流体运动, 外筒静止、内筒旋转且为多孔吸气条件. 强吸气情况下旋转流动主要表现为内筒壁面附近的边界层流动, 基于这一事实得到了周向速度分布的解析表达式. 其次, 通过引入新参数扩展Cebeci-Smith代数湍流模型, 使其能考虑流线曲率、壁面吸气、低Reynolds数效应等因素. 针对这些因素的综合影响, 采用解析修正和经验参数对模型进行调整. 同时, 基于Reynolds应力湍流模型的仿真结果, 校准代数湍流模型中的经验参数. 最后, 给出基于广义Cebeci-Smith湍流模型的旋转壁面边界层流动的迭代算法, 该算法适用于需要特殊迭代过程的轴向及周向流动均匀情况. 计算了不同旋转速度和吸气强度组合工况下的边界层流动, 其周向速度和湍流强度分布与基于Reynolds应力湍流模型的计算结果非常接近. 并且表明, 当Reynolds应力湍流模型数值模拟预测内筒边界层为稳定层流时, 该方法也再现了相同初始条件下的层流边界层.      

湍流燃烧数值模拟研究的综述

对湍流燃烧数值模拟的研究进行了综合评述,其中涉及直接数值模拟（ＤＮＳ）、大涡模拟（ＬＥＳ）、随机涡模拟、概率密度函数输运方程模拟、条件矩模型、简化概率密度函数模型、关联矩模型以及基于简单物理概念的一些唯象模型等几个重要方面．对全面了解湍流燃烧数值模拟的研究现状及前景提出了看法．     

湍流研究的现状和进展

本文对一百多年来湍流研究的进展作了简要回顾,并着重评述了湍流模式理论、切变湍流的相干结构和湍流数值模拟的最新成就,对湍流研究的发展提出了一些建议和设想.     

涡度拟能传输惯性区二维湍流标量场方差谱

本文应用非平衡统计力学封闭方法,给出涡度拟能传输惯性区二维湍流标量场方差谱的完整表达式,数值计算该表达式中的比例系数B。由于传输过程的非局部性,B依赖于表征波数变化范围的局部化因子,不再是普适常数。     

基于颗粒湍流和颗粒碰撞相互作用规律的湍流模型的研究

颗粒湍流和颗粒碰撞的相互作用规律是两相流动中的核心问题。用颗粒湍流模型和颗粒碰撞的动力论模型叠加的方法在研究两相湍流流动方面取得了一定的成效,但是还有待改进。本文基于颗粒湍流形成大尺度脉动和颗粒间碰撞引起小尺度脉动的概念,从双流体模型出发,建立了两相流动的双尺度kp-pε两相湍流模型。利用该模型对下行床和突扩室内的气固...     

Decaying turbulence in a passive mean scalar gradient

We consider the generation of passive scalar fluctuations by decaying isotropic turbulence in the presence of a uniform mean scalar gradient. At high Reynolds numbers, two distinct similarity states may be established depending on the form of the energy spectrum at low wavenumber magnitude (k). In the first similarity state characterized by a low wavenumber magnitude energy spectrum proportional tok ², the mean-square scalar fluctuation grows liket ^4/5, while in the second similarity state characterized by a spectrum proportional tok ⁴, the mean-square scalar fluctuation grows approximately liket ^4/7. These two high Reynolds number asymptotic similarity states have been subsequently confirmed by large-eddy numerical simulations. As a consequence of the decreasing flow Reynolds number as the turbulence decays, these similarity states do not continue indefinitely. At very long times, a final period of decay of the turbulence occurs, and in this final period, the mean-square scalar fluctuation in the first state continues to grow liket ^1/2, while that in the second state ultimately decays liket ^–1/2.     

大气边界层流场的模拟与大气边界层风洞

动态风荷载测试数据的可靠性依赖于大气边界层流场的正确模拟。本文根据作者在ＦＤ－４大气边界层风洞中,进行大气边界层流场调试时,就如何准确模拟自然风的四个参数方面所积累经验的总结。     

Studies on gas turbulence and particle fluctuation in dense gas-particle flows

Particle fluctuation and gas turbulence in dense gas-particle flows are less studied due to complexity of the phenomena. In the present study, simulations of gas turbulent flows passing over a single particle are carried out first by using RANS modeling with a Reynolds stress equation turbulence model and sufficiently fine grids, and then by using LES. The turbulence enhancement by the particle wake effect is studied under various particle sizes and relative gas velocities, and the turbulence enhancement is found proportional to the particle diameter and the square of velocity. Based on the above results, a turbulence enhancement model for the particle-wake effect is proposed and is incorporated as a sub-model into a comprehensive two-phase flow model, which is then used to simulate dilute gas-particle flows in a horizontal channel. The simulation results show that the predicted gas turbulence by using the present model accounting for the particle wake effect is obviously in better agreement with the experimental results than the prediction given by the model not accounting for the wake effect. Finally, the proposed model is incorporated into another two-phase flow model to simulate dense gasparticle flows in a downer. The results show that the particle wake effect not only enhances the gas turbulence, but also amplifies the particle fluctuation.     

Numerical Modeling of the Development of a Streaky Structure in a Boundary Layer at a High Freestream Turbulence Level

The disturbances generated by external turbulence in the boundary layer on a flat plate set suddenly in motion are determined. A turbulent flow calculated by direct numerical simulation is taken as the initial conditions. The solution obtained simulates the initial stage of laminar-turbulent transition in the flat-plate boundary layer at a high turbulence level in the oncoming flow. The solution makes it possible to estimate the effects of different factors, such as nonstationarity, nonlinearity, and the parameters of the freestream velocity fluctuation spectrum, on disturbance enhancement in the boundary layer.     

Numerical modeling of laminar-turbulent transition in a boundary layer at a high freestream turbulence level

Disturbances generated by external turbulence in the boundary layer on a flat plate set suddenly in motion are determined by numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations. The results of direct numerical simulation of isotropic homogenous turbulence are taken as initial conditions. The solution obtained models laminar-turbulent transition in the flat-plate boundary layer at a high freestream turbulence level, time measured from the onset of the motion serving as the longitudinal coordinate. The solution makes it possible to estimate the effect of different factors, such as flow unsteadiness and nonlinearity and the characteristics of the freestream velocity fluctuation spectrum, on laminar-turbulent transition in the boundary layer.     

Expressions for pressure-velocity-gradient correlations

The term for pressure-velocity-gradient correlation was initiated by Rott’srewriting the correlation between the pressure fluctuation gradient and velocity fluctuation.However,it is very difficult to consider the effect of this term.Since Rotta’s work,Launderet al.has made some estimates of this term.In this paper according to the equations forvelocity fluctuation,the pressure fluctuation is solved so that the average value of theproduct of the pressure fluctuation and the velocity fluctuation gradient is obtained.Thus,the whole expressions for the pressure-velocity-gradient correlation are derived.The resultexplains that the limited expressions by Rotta and Launder are reasonable to a certaindegree.The whole expressions in this paper are discussed respectively in two situations:oneis without a separate consideration of large and small vortexes;the other is with a separateconsideration of three kinds of vortexes.Therefore,the paper gives the whole expressions forpressure-velocity-gradient correlation     

无壁面参数低雷诺数非线性涡黏性模式研究

建立了一个低雷诺数的非线性涡黏性湍流模式,该模式的一个显著特性是它不包含壁面参数（如y^ ,n等）,因而特别适用于复杂几何流场的计算,本模式在几种包括回流、分离、激波等典型流动中进行了验证,结果令人满意。