反射型体全息光栅对超短脉冲激光光束衍射的性质

在光栅记录介质色散效应的影响下,拓展Kogelnik的耦合波理论研究了反射型体全息光栅对偏振方向垂直和平行于入射面的超短脉冲激光光束衍射的性质。结果表明对于记录在LiNbO3光折变晶体中的体全息光栅,在色散效应、光栅参量和入射条件的共同影响下,光栅对偏振方向垂直于入射面的超短脉冲激光光束衍射的光谱带宽大于对偏振方向平行于入射面的超短脉冲激光光束衍射的光谱带宽,在不考虑光栅介质色散效应的影响时,它们都变大。进一步给出了衍射光的光谱带宽及光栅的衍射效率随入射脉冲的光谱带宽与光栅的光谱带宽比值的变化情况。     

超短脉冲激光光束在一维反射型体全息光栅中的衍射

基于Kogelnik的耦合波理论,研究了在色散效应的影响下,超短脉冲激光光束在反射型体全息光栅中衍射的性质.研究给出了衍射光及透射光在频谱域及时间域的振幅及强度分布、光栅的光谱宽度及衍射效率随光栅参量及入射条件的变化.数值研究的结果表明,在光栅记录介质色散效应的影响下,衍射光束的光谱宽度减小,脉冲展宽,衍射效率降低.通过适当的选取光栅参量及入射条件,可以控制衍射和透射光束的频谱和时间强度分布,得到满意的衍射和透射光束的带宽和波形,从而可以将其应用于脉冲整形等技术中.     

透射型光折变体全息光栅对超短脉冲激光光束衍射的特性

在Kogelnik耦合波理论的基础上,考虑光栅记录介质的色散效应的影响,研究了光折变体全息光栅对不同偏振状态的超短脉冲激光光束衍射的性质,讨论了高斯型入射脉冲激光光束的谱宽与光栅的有效衍射谱宽之比不同时,衍射和透射光束的光谱宽度、时间宽度、波形和衍射效率的变化。结果表明,光栅的有效衍射谱宽受光栅参量及入射条件的影响,对衍射性质的影响很大,且在考虑光栅记录介质的色散效应时减小。当入射脉冲的偏振方向垂直于入射面时,光栅的有效衍射谱宽大于偏振方向平行于入射面的情形,衍射效率在入射脉冲宽度较大时小于偏振方向平行于入射面的情形;谱宽比较大时,衍射光束的时间分布曲线产生展宽和变形,且比偏振方向平行于入射面的情形展宽和变形得更加明显。     

光折变光栅在超短脉冲光照射下衍射的研究

利用Kogelnik单色光在体光栅中衍射效率公式推导出超短脉冲光读出稳态光折变体光栅时的衍射光频谱表达式，并在此基础上导出了脉冲光读出时的总衍射光强及总光强衍射效率.研究发现衍射光的频谱分布、总光强及衍射效率与光栅周期Λ、光栅厚度d和读出光脉冲宽度Δτ有密切的关系.通过调整这些参量，光折变光栅可以对入射的超短脉冲光实现不同程度的滤波作用.该结论可用于超短脉冲的整形研究.     

透射型体光栅对超短脉冲高斯光束衍射特性研究

采用傅里叶频谱分析法, 将超短脉冲高斯光束展开为单色单角谱成分的线性叠加;利用Kogelnik一维耦合波理论, 分析透射型体光栅对各单色单角谱成分的衍射特性;再通过逆傅里叶变换得出衍射光波的时空分布与光栅各参量的对应关系.结果表明:衍射光束在时域以及在光栅波矢与光栅前表面法向所构成平面内的空域光强分布随光栅周期的减小而呈展宽趋势, 且在空域的展宽趋势较为迅速, 与入射光束在空域进行比较, 衍射光束空域分布发生非常明显的畸变;衍射光束在时域以及在光栅波矢与光栅前表面法向所构成平面内的空域光强分布随光栅厚度的增大亦呈展宽趋势, 且展宽速度相当, 与入射光束在时域和空域比较, 均发生了较明显的畸变.     

超短脉冲激光经透射型体Bragg光栅的时域特性

利用Kogelnik耦合波理论对超短脉冲激光经透射型体Bragg光栅的时域衍射特性进行了研究,讨论了透射型体Bragg光栅的群延迟色散和光栅结构参数之间的关系,分析了群延迟色散和频谱剪切对衍射脉冲时域强度分布的影响.结果表明:当入射超短脉冲脉宽为100fs时,经透射型体Bragg光栅衍射后的脉冲展宽主要源自光栅对入射脉冲的频谱剪切,当入射超短脉冲脉宽为10fs时,衍射脉冲的展宽量不仅受频谱剪切的影响,而且与光栅的群延迟色散密切相关.     

体全息光栅透镜的设计和应用

设计了一种新型的体全息光栅透镜, 在一块光学平板（体全息记录材料）内可以将输入光束产生横向传输并聚焦, 或对输入光点产生横传的准直. 它由一束平面波和一束球面波正交入射到光学平板上干涉形成的. 研究了该体全息透镜的光栅间距变化情况, 为设计和制备体全息光栅透镜及相关器件提供了理论依据. 基于两光束耦合波理论, 得到了该光栅透镜的耦合波方程, 近似计算了该透镜的衍射效率及其达到高衍射效率时透镜的最佳尺寸. 最后, 讨论了该透镜在集成光学等领域中的应用.     

利用激光感应瞬态光栅技术测量超短激光脉冲宽度

描述了利用激光感应瞬态光栅技术测量超短脉冲激光的脉冲宽度和相干时间的方法，来自同一光源的两束激光在非线性介质中相干形成积分光栅，测量光栅自衍射强度与两束光脉冲之间的延迟时间关系，利用相干光束的四阶相干函数关系，可以求出光源的脉冲宽度和相干时间。     

平面光栅效率仪测量过程分析与结果修正

为了获得准确的平面光栅衍射效率测量结果,需要对平面光栅效率仪的测量过程进行分析.通过对测量过程中影响测量结果的光栅出射光谱增宽和衍射光束截面变化等主要因素进行分析,给出了两者关于入射波长和光栅刻线密度的关系式.运用多元线性回归分析的数学方法,在大量实验数据的基础上,建立了回归修正公式,分别从理论和实验上验证了修正公式的...     

变波长读出条件下光折变局域体全息光栅的衍射性质

利用二维耦合波理论,研究了用短波长记录全息光栅而用通讯波段内的长波长读出时,用于90°结构垂直读出平板型的光折变局域体全息光栅的衍射性质.讨论了局域体全息光栅的几何尺寸对其衍射效率及光栅布喇格选择性的影响.结果表明,随着光栅的纵向和横向尺寸的增加,光栅的衍射效率也逐渐增加.当光栅的纵向和横向尺寸发生改变但光栅的总面积不变时,光栅衍射效率保持不变.此外,随着光栅尺寸的增加光栅的布喇格选择性越好.在利用短波长记录全息光栅而用长波长读出的光学器件设计过程中,为了获得最佳的衍射效率及其布喇格选择特性,应当根据要求合理地设计光栅的几何尺寸.     

Diffraction properties of ultrashort pulsed beams with arbitrary temporal profiles by a volume holographic grating

In this paper, the diffraction properties of an ultrashort optical pulse with arbitrary profiles in time diffracted by a volume holographic grating are investigated using the modified Kogelnik coupled-wave theory. Simple analytical expressions for the spectrum and spatial profiles of the transmitted and diffracted beams are obtained. The dependences of the diffraction bandwidth, the Bragg selectivity bandwidth and the total diffraction efficiency of the volume grating on the temporal profiles of the input ultrashort pulse are investigated. For three different temporal profiles, numerical results of diffraction properties are given. It is shown that the temporal shapes of the input pulsed beams have been found to be an important factor in the analyses of the propagation characteristics.     

Pulse shaping and diffraction properties of multi-layers reflection volume holographic gratings

The multi-layers coupled-wave theory is extended to systematically investigate the pulse shaping and diffraction properties of a system of multi-layers reflection volume holographic gratings (MRVHG) under ultrashort laser pulse (ULP) readout. The combined effects that the grating parameters such as the number and thickness of layers and gaps between them and the pulse duration of the input ULP have on the pulse shaping properties are considered. The pulse profiles of the diffracted and transmitted beams, the diffraction bandwidth, and the total diffraction efficiency are presented. The calculated results we have derived permit an optimal choice of grating parameters for the pulse shaping and process applications.     

Diffraction of an ultrashort pulsed beam with arbitrary polarization state from a volume holographic grating in LiNbO3 crystals

Based on a modified coupled wave theory of Kogelnik, we have studied the diffraction of an ultrashort pulsed beam with an arbitrary polarization state from a volume holographic grating in photorefractive LiNbO₃ crystals. The results indicate that the diffracted intensity distributions in the spectral and temporal domains and the diffraction efficiency of the grating are both changed by the polarization state and spectral bandwidth of the input pulsed beam. A method is given of choosing the grating parameters and input conditions to obtain a large variation range of the spectral bandwidth of the diffracted pulsed beam with an appropriate diffraction efficiency. Our study presents a possibility of using a volume holographic grating recorded in anisotropic materials to shape a broadband ultrashort pulsed beam by modulating its polarization state.     

Diffraction properties of multi-layer volume holographic gratings under an ultrashort pulsed beam with arbitrary temporal profiles

The diffraction properties of a system of multi-layer volume holographic gratings under an ultrashort pulsed beam with arbitrary temporal profiles are investigated using the multi-layer coupled wave theory. The dependence of the pulse profiles of the diffracted beams, diffraction bandwidth and the total diffraction efficiency of the multi-layer system on the temporal profiles of the input ultrashort pulse are investigated. The calculated results indicate that the temporal shape of the input pulsed beams is an important factor in the analysis of the propagation characteristics. The analysis of this paper will be valuable for the applications of pulse shaping, processing and filter.     

Diffraction properties of ultrashort pulsed beams with arbitrary temporal profiles by a reflection volume holographic grating

The diffraction properties of reflection volume holographic gratings are studied when the gratings are illuminated by an ultrashort beam with arbitrary temporal profiles. The modified Kogelnik's theory of coupled waves is used. Simple analytical expressions for spectral and temporal distribution of the transmitted and diffracted are obtained. The dependences of the diffraction bandwidth, the Bragg selectivity bandwidth and the total diffraction efficiency of the reflection volume grating on the temporal profiles of the input ultrashort pulse are investigated. Study shows that the bandwidth of the reflection volume holographic gratings varies with the grating parameters more slowly than the transmitting volume holographic gratings. For three different temporal profiles, numerical results about diffraction properties of the reflection volume holographic gratings are given and compared with the transmitting volume holographic gratings.     

Generation of femtosecond dual pulses by a transverse standing wave in a volume holographic grating

Based on Kogelnik's coupled-wave theory, it is found that when a femtosecond pulse is incident on a transmitted volume holographic grating, two transverse standing waves along the grating vector direction will be generated inside the volume holographic grating(VHG). Due to field localization of two standing waves, they have two different velocities along the propagation depth. On the output plane of the VHG, femtosecond dual pulses are generated in both the diffracted and transmitted directions. Results show that the pulse interval is determined by the refractive index modulation and thickness of the grating, while the waveform of the dual pulses is independent of the grating parameters.     

超短脉冲光通过光折变体光栅衍射及透射光强的瞬时变化特性研究

采用Kogelnik的耦合波理论,研究了超短脉冲光通过光折变体光栅的衍射及透射光强在时域的瞬时变化特性.发现衍射和透射脉冲波形与读出脉冲宽度、光栅周期、光栅厚度及光折变材料的折射率调制大小有密切关系.通过调整这些参量的数值,可以获得需要的脉冲形状.同时还发现衍射和透射脉冲在时间轴上有一定的偏移,偏移量的大小与参量选择有关.