Market mill dependence pattern in the stock market: Multiscale conditional dynamics

Market Mill is a complex dependence pattern leading to nonlinear correlations and predictability in intraday dynamics of stock prices. The present paper puts together previous efforts to build a dynamical model reflecting the market mill asymmetries. We show that certain properties of the conditional dynamics at a single time scale such as a characteristic shape of an asymmetry-generating component of the conditional probability distribution result in the “elementary” market mill pattern. This asymmetry-generating component matches the empirical distribution obtained from the market data. Multiple time scale considerations make the resulting “composite” mill similar to the empirical market mill patterns. Multiscale model also reflects a multi-agent nature of the market. Interpretation of variations of asymmetry patterns of individual stocks in terms of specific deformations of the fundamental market mill asymmetry patterns is described.     

X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPED) patterns from: III-V compound mixed crystals (Ga1-xAlxAs AND GaAs1-yPy). Comparison of experiment and single scattering calculations

X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPED) measurements, together with single scattering calculations, were made for two III—V group compound semiconductor mixed crystals (Ga_1-xAl_xAs(110) and GaAs_1-yP_y(001)). Each pair of photoelectrons excited at equivalent atomic sites in the crystal (Ga 3d and Al 2p in Ga₁-xAl_xAs, and As 3d and P 2p in GaAs₁-yP_y) showed essentially the same XPED patterns. Single scattering calculations reproduced the observed XPED patterns fairly well. An obvious site dependence of XPED patterns was observed in both the experimental and calculated results. These results clearly show that, for a given kinetic energy, XPED patterns mainly depend on the site of emitter atoms in the crystal, not on the species of emitter atoms. Thus, XPED measurements can be used for crystal site determinations in a fingerprint manner.     

Structural and electronic properties of zincblende phase of Tl x Ga1−x As y P1−y quaternary alloys: First-principles study

Using the first-principles band-structure method, we have calculated the structural and electronic properties of zincblende TlAs, TlP, GaAs and GaP compounds and their new semiconductor Tl _x Ga_1?x As _y P_1?y quaternary alloys. Structural properties of these semiconductors are obtained with the Perdew and Wang local-density approximation. The lattice constants of Tl _x Ga_1?x As, Tl _x Ga_1?x P ternary and Tl _x Ga_1?x As _y P_1?y quaternary alloys were composed by Vegard’s law. Our investigation on the effect of the doping (Thallium and Arsenic) on lattice constants and band gap shows a non-linear dependence for Tl _x Ga_1?x As _y P_1?y quaternary alloys. The band gap of Tl _x Ga_1?x As _y P_1?y , E _g (x, y) concerned by the compositions x and y. To our awareness, there is no theoretical survey on Tl _x Ga_1?x As _y P_1?y quaternary alloys and needs experimental verification.     

Optical properties of GaN x As y P1?x?y semiconductor quaternary solid solutions

The photoluminescence method was used in the temperature range of 15?C300 K to study the optical properties of quantum-dimensional heterostructures based on GaN _x As _y P_(1?x?y) solid solutions, synthesized on the surface of a GaP (100) substrate. The calculations for the band-gap width of the GaN _x As _y P_(1?x?y) solid solution with the use of the band anticrossing model are shown to agree well with experimental data.     

On rational functions of first-class complexity

It is proved that, for every rational function of two variables P(x, y) of analytic complexity one, there is either a representation of the form f(a(x) + b(y)) or a representation of the form f(a(x)b(y)), where f(x), a(x), b(x) are nonconstant rational functions of a single variable. Here, if P(x, y) is a polynomial, then f(x), a(x), and b(x) are nonconstant polynomials of a single variable.     

A thermodynamic study on CaO-doped nonstoichiometric cerium dioxide

Thermogravimetric measurements were performed on CaO-doped nonstoichiometric cerium dioxide (i.e. Ce_1?yCa_yO_2?y?x) in the temperature range 800–1500°C and from oxygen pressures of 10^?1–10^?21 atm. Fr data the deviation from stoichiometry x = x(T, P_O2)_y was determined for values of y = 0.01, 0.045, 0.07, 0.10 and 0.14. The thermodynamic quantities Δ H_O2; and ΔS_O2 were calculated in the region 0.001 ? x ? 0.2 and found to be independent of temperature with the exception of those for 14 mole % CaO at large deviations from stoichiometry. p]In the composition region near stoichiometry (i.e. for x between approximately 10^?3 and 10^?2), the variation of Δ S_O2 with x is consistent with a defect model involving randomly distributed doubly ionized oxygen vacancies and electrons localized on normal cerium sites. The range of nonstoichiometry with which this defect model fits the experimental results increases with increasing CaO content. In this same region ΔH?_O2 exhibits a slight dependence on x for y = 0.01 and 0.045 and is essentially independent of x for y = 0.7,0.10 and 0.14. The experimental observation that is rationalized on the basis of the above model for the case where y > x.At large deviations from stoichiometry the dependence of x = x(T, P_O2)_y is similar to the nonstoichiometric behavior of “pure” CeO_2?x when y = 0.01 or 0.045. The dependence of ΔH_O2; and ΔS_O2 on x is also similar. for y = 0.10 and 0.14 the nonstoichiometric behavior and the dependence of ΔH_O2 on x differs significantly from the behavior of “pure” CeO_2?x.     

Interferometry for Ellipso-Height-Topometry part 3: Correction of the aspect errors and reduction of the dispersion of the ellipsometric parameters

Ellipso-Height-Topometry, EHT, is an extended optical topometry, where both the topographies of the surface height H(x,y) and the ellipsometric local parameters Ψ(x,y) and Δ(x,y) of surfaces with locally changing materials are measured on the same pixel raster with high resolution and using the same data sets. Further quantities can be calculated from these measurements on the base of locally confined surface models: the local refractive index, the thickness t(x,y) of overlayers or films, or other parameters of layered systems.     

Interferometry for ellipso-height-topometry: Part 2: Measurement of the ellipsometric data, material identification, and correction of the measured height

Ellipso-height-topometry, EHT, as introduced by Leonhardt, et al. [Interferometry for ellipso-height-topometry, part 1, Optik 113 (2003) 513-519; Topometry for locally changing materials, Opt. Lett. 23 (1998) 1772-1774]; [Ellipso-height topometry, Optik 112 (2001) 413-420] is an extended topometry where topographies of the surface height H(x,y), the ellipsometric parameters Ψ(x,y) and Δ(x,y) (and optionally the intensity distribution I(x,y)) of the surface are measured on the same pixel raster and with high resolution. Thus, we can dispose over a set of (mutually coherent) topographies, and further topographies of quantities of interest can be calculated from this set: the local change in the complex refractive index N(x,y)=n(x,y)−k(x,y)i of bulk surfaces, the thickness distribution t(x,y) of locally changing (discontinuous) films and overlayers, and a correction of the optically measured local height H(x,y). The height error ΔH(x,y) can be calculated from the ellipsometric data and the true height h(x,y)=H(x,y)−ΔH(x,y) is thus obtained. ΔH(x,y) can assume large values when overlayers of oxidations or residues from lubrication oil or from processing are present. Much more information about the surface is gained with this concept.In part 1 of this work a z-scanning interferometric scheme with oblique incidence over the entire object field has been introduced, with the advantages of white-light interferometry, but with the additional capability of measuring material information to supply a complete set of topographies for extended topometry. In addition, very useful coherence properties for interferometry with oblique incidence were presented and discussed which allow to shape the interferogram in a simple way without any additional devices. In this part we derive the theory of the ellipsometric measurement and present first results by complete sets of two different samples.     

Cross-correlations between West Texas Intermediate crude oil and the stock markets of the BRIC

In this paper, we investigate the cross-correlation properties between West Texas Intermediate crude oil and the stock markets of the BRIC. We use not only the qualitative analysis of the cross-correlation test, but also take the quantitative analysis of the MF-DXA, confirming the cross-correlation relationship between West Texas Intermediate crude oil and the stock markets of the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) respectively, which have strongly multifractal features, and the cross-correlations are more strongly multifractal in the short term than in the long term. Furthermore, based on the multifractal spectrum, we also find the multifractality strength between the crude oil WTI and Chinese stock market is stronger than the multifractality strength of other pairs. Based on the Iraq war (Mar 20, 2003) and the Financial crisis in 2008, we divide sample period into four segments to research the degree of the multifractal (ΔH$\Delta H$) and the market efficiency (and the risk). Finally, we employ the technique of the rolling window to calculate the time-varying EI  (efficiency index) and dependent on the EI  , we can easily observe the change of stock markets. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between bivariate cross-correlation exponents (_Hxy(q)$H_{xy}\left(q\right)$) and the generalized Hurst exponents.     

The Hall-Lorenz number in the La1.855Sr0.145CuO4 single crystal

The temperature dependence of the Hall-Lorenz number () for the optimally doped La_1.855Sr_0.145CuO₄ (LSCO) has been obtained from the experimentally determined transverse and longitudinal transport coefficients. A comparison between L_xy(T) dependence found for LSCO and L_xy(T) reported previously for copper indicates that the Hall-Lorenz number in LSCO follows standard metallic behavior from room temperature down to . Below this temperature the L_xy coefficient deviates from regular metallic dependence in a way characteristic of an electronic system with lowered density of electronic states at the Fermi level. We present results of calculations provided in terms of the Boltzmann equation for a two-dimensional model of the electronic structure with a d-symmetrical pseudogap. A temperature T_max, where a maximum in the L_xy(T) dependence appears, turns out to be dependent on the width of the supposed pseudogap . The best agreement between the model and the experimental data was obtained for , which corresponds well with values reported previously by other groups.     

Determination of concentration-dependent diffusion coefficients in amorphous Ni-P films studied by auger electron depth profiling

Studies of the interdiffusion in ion-plated Ni₁₀₀- _x P _x /Ni₁₀₀- _y /P _y thin films are described. The diffusion coefficients are evaluated from depth profiles obtained by using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The well-known Boltzmann-Matano method is applied for extraction of the diffusion coefficients from the depth profile data. The results show a strong composition dependence.     

Thermodynamics of type A1−xBxC1−yDy III–V quaternary solid solutions

An improved theory based on the pair approximation is given for the thermodynamic properties of type A_1?xB_xC_1?yD_yIII–V quaternary solid solutions. The theory takes into account the quasi-chemical nature of the nearest neighbor pair distribution, which has been neglected or inadequately treated in previous work. With a suitable thermodynamic treatment, a quasi-chemical equilibrium relation for the nearest neighbor pair distribution is derived. Numerical calculations using available thermodynamic data show that the distribution will deviate appreciably from random mixing values in the In_1?xGa_xP_1?yAs_y and Al_1?xGa_xAs_1?ySb_y systems due to a short-range clustering effect of nearest neighbor pairs with strong bond energy, whereas the deviation will be small in the Al_1?xGa_xP_1?yAS_y system. The expressions for the chemical potentials and the activity coefficients of the binary compound components are given. These are readily applicable to phase diagram calculations.     

The Nernst-Ettingshausen coefficient in the normal phase of doped HTSCs of the YBa<Subscript>2</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>y</Subscript> system

The temperature dependence of the Nernst-Ettingshausen coefficient Q(T) in the normal phase of doped HTSCs of the yttrium system was studied. The main features characterizing the behavior of this coefficient were revealed, and the character and mechanism of the effect that various nonisovalent substituents exert on the Q(T) dependence were analyzed. It is shown that the narrow-band model permits one not only to describe all the specific features observed in the Q(T) curves but also to perform a simultaneous quantitative analysis of the temperature dependences of four kinetic coefficients (the electrical resistivity and the Seebeck, Hall, and Nernst-Ettingshausen coefficients) with the use of a common set of model parameters characterizing the band structure and carrier system in the normal phase of an HTSC. This approach was employed to determine the carrier mobilities and the asymmetry of the dispersion curve in the systems studied (YBa₂Cu₃O_y, y = 6.37–6.91; YBa₂Cu_3?xCo_xO_y, x = 0–0.3; Y_1?xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_y, x = 0–0.25; Y_1?xCa_xBa_2?xLa_xCu₃O_y, x = 0–0.5) and to analyze the effect of the substitutions involved on the variation of these parameters.     

The length and the relative length of tangent vectors of finsler spaces

We consider the length of a vector in a Finsler space with the fundamental function L(x,y). The length of a vector X is usually defined as the value L(x,X) of L. On the other hand, we have an essential tensor g_ij(x,y), called the fundamental tensor, and the concept of relative length |X_y| of X may be introduced by |X|_y^y = g_ij(x,y)XⁱX^j with re spect to a supporting element y. The question arises whether is L(x,X) the minimum of |X|_y or not? If there exists a supporting element y satisfying |X|_y < L(x,X), then a curve x(t) in the Finsler space will be measured shorter than the usual length, by integrating |dx/dt|_y with the field of such supporting element y(t) along the curve.     

Specific features of magnetooptical spectra of Co/SiO2 hybrid multilayers

Magnetooptical spectra of Co(x)/SiO₂(y) bilayers and [Co(x)/SiO₂(y)]_n hybrid multilayers (x and y are the layer thicknesses) are studied in the range 1.5–4.0 eV. In these layers, the ultrathin ferromagnetic layers are not continuous but consist of ellipsoidal Co nanoparticles with a concentration near the percolation threshold. It is found that (a) the sign, magnitude, and spectral shape of the magnetooptical signal depend strongly on the Co particle size; (b) the signal for the [Co(1.6 nm)/SiO₂(3.0 nm)]₆ multilayers at 3.0 eV has a record-high magnitude for Co-based structures, 3×10^?2, which exceeds that for bulk Co about fivefold and about 50-fold that for a uniform Co film of an equivalent thickness; (c) the magnetooptical signal of multilayers depends non-linearly on the number of periods and the thickness of the dielectric layer y; and (d) the dependence of the signal of bilayers and multilayers with x=1.3 and 1.6 nm on the wavelength is nonmonotonic and exhibits clearly pronounced extrema. The data obtained for bilayers are attributed to the strong influence of percolation on the optical and magnetooptical parameters of the structure and interpreted in the framework of the effective medium approximation and macroscopic Fresnel magnetooptics.     

Effect of elevated concentrations of strontium and iron on the structural and dielectric characteristics of Ba(1−x−y)Sr(x)Ti Fe(y)O3 prepared through sol–gel technique

Nano-composite Ba_1−xSr_(x)TiO₃ (BST), where x=0.01–0.50 and doped with different concentrations of iron Ba_(1−x−y)Sr_(x)TiFe _(y)O₃ (BSTF), where x=0.01 and y=0.01–0.05 powders were prepared by sol–gel method.     

Modification of the superconducting order parameter Δ(k) by long-range interactions

It is demonstrated that the inclusion of long-range intersite interactions qualitatively modifies the dependence of a superconducting gap on quasimomentum for both s-and d-symmetry types. In particular, the order parameter of a superconducting phase with $d_{x^2 - y^2 } $ the symmetry type depends on two amplitudes and has the form Δ(k)=Δ₁(cosk _x ?cosk _y )+Δ₂(cos2k _x ?cos2k _y ). In this case, the theoretical dependence of the critical temperature on the degree of doping agrees with the experimental dependence.     

Fabrication of CdTe solar cell using an Inx(OOH,S)y/CdS double layer as a heterojunction counterpart

An In_x(OOH,S)_y/CdS double layer was utilized as a heterojunction counterpart in CdTe solar cells to enhance the transmission of light through the window layer. An In_x(OOH,S)_y/CdS double layer was deposited by chemical bath deposition onto an ITO-coated Corning glass substrate in varying thickness combinations. In_x(OOH,S)_y is porous, and the interface between the In_x(OOH,S)_y and CdS layers overlaps to a large extent. The In_x(OOH,S)_y/CdS double layer showed a higher optical transmittance in the 500–600 nm wavelength range compared to the CdS layer. However, the efficiency of In_x(OOH,S)_y/CdS/CdTe solar cells was not improved due to the lower open circuit voltage. It is considered that the In_x(OOH,S)_y/CdS window layer is less n-type, which is most likely due to the mixing of the two layer during CdTe deposition at 575 °C.     

Resonant enhancement (?) of the recombination probability at the nitrogen-trap, Γ-band edge crossover in GaAs1−xPx: N(EN = EΓ, x ≡ xN)

Previously it has been suggested on theoretical grounds and early data on N-doped In_1?xGa_xP that at the point of degeneracy of the Γ band edge and the N-trap (x ≡ x_N) the electron-hole recombination probability associated with the trap is resonantly enhanced by the presence of Γ band states. Data are presented on N-doped and N-free In_1?xGa_xP_1?zAs_z/ GaAs_1?yP_y (x ～ 0.70, y ≈ 0.40, z ～ 0.01) single heterojunction laser diodes fabricated on the same VPE GaAs_1?yP_y:N system, where the position of the N trap is well known, indicate that the N trap weakens the band-to-band (Γ) transition and is not itself enhanced beyond the usual band structure enhancement (BSE) described recently for ternary alloys. A theoretical argument is offered to explain the discrepancy between earlier theory and experimental observations.     

Magnetic properties of (Ge,Pb)1−xMnxTe

Pseudoternary alloys {(GeTe)_1?y(PbTe)_y}_1?x(MnTe)_x have been prepared and the magnetic and electrical properties of these alloys have been studied. The magnetic interaction in (PbTe)_1?x(MnTe)_x is very weak, but it has been found that the {(GeTe)_1?y(PbTe)_y}_1?x (MnTe)_x alloys (y ≦ 0.1) are ferromagnetic. In the latter, the increase of the amount of Pb substitution makes both the paramagnetic Curie temperature and the carrier density lower. These experimental results are discussed by using the RKKY interaction.