Entropy estimate for high-dimensional monotonic functions

We establish upper and lower bounds for the metric entropy and bracketing entropy of the class of d-dimensional bounded monotonic functions under L^p norms. It is interesting to see that both the metric entropy and bracketing entropy have different behaviors for p<d/(d-1) and p>d/(d-1). We apply the new bounds for bracketing entropy to establish a global rate of convergence of the MLE of a d-dimensional monotone density.     

Isomorphism and Embedding of Borel Systems on Full Sets

A Borel system consists of a measurable automorphism of a standard Borel space. We consider Borel embeddings and isomorphisms between such systems modulo null sets, i.e. sets which have measure zero for every invariant probability measure. For every t>0 we show that in this category, up to isomorphism, there exists a unique free Borel system (Y,S) which is strictly t-universal in the sense that all invariant measures on Y have entropy <t, and if (X,T) is another free system obeying the same entropy condition then X embeds into Y off a null set. One gets a strictly t-universal system from mixing shifts of finite type of entropy ≥t by removing the periodic points and “restricting” to the part of the system of entropy <t. As a consequence, after removing their periodic points the systems in the following classes are completely classified by entropy up to Borel isomorphism off null sets: mixing shifts of finite type, mixing positive-recurrent countable state Markov chains, mixing sofic shifts, beta shifts, synchronized subshifts, and axiom-A diffeomorphisms. In particular any two equal-entropy systems from these classes are entropy conjugate in the sense of Buzzi, answering a question of Boyle, Buzzi and Gomez.     

On bordisms of real algebraic M-varieties

Any morphism of nonsingular complete real algebraic varieties F: Y → X determines a holomorphic mapping of the sets of complex points F _?: Y (?) → X(?) as well as a differentiable mapping of the sets of real points F _?: Y(?) → X(?). These two mappings determine classes of nonoriented bordisms [F _?] ∈ MO_2m (X((?)), [F _?] ∈ M O_m (X(?)), where m = dim Y. The paper describes relationship between these two classes of bordisms.     

Kahane–Khintchine inequalities and functional central limit theorem for stationary random fields

We establish new Kahane–Khintchine inequalities in Orlicz spaces induced by exponential Young functions for stationary real random fields which are bounded or satisfy some finite exponential moment condition. Next, we give sufficient conditions for partial sum processes indexed by classes of sets satisfying some metric entropy condition to converge in distribution to a set-indexed Brownian motion. Moreover, the class of random fields that we study includes φ-mixing and martingale difference random fields.     

Dynamical combinatorics and torsion classes

For finite semidistributive lattices the map κ gives a bijection between the sets of completely join-irreducible elements and completely meet-irreducible elements.Here we study the κ-map in the context of torsion classes. It is well-known that the lattice of torsion classes for an artin algebra is semidistributive, but in general it is far from finite. We show the κ-map is well-defined on the set of completely join-irreducible elements, even when the lattice of torsion classes is infinite. We then extend κ to a map on torsion classes which have canonical join representations given by the special torsion classes associated to the minimal extending modules introduced by the first and third authors and A. Carroll in 2019.For hereditary algebras, we show that the extended κ-map on torsion classes is essentially the same as Ringel's ?-map on wide subcategories. Also in the hereditary case, we relate the square of κ to the Auslander-Reiten translation.     

On the construction and some properties of self-similar functions in the spaces L p[0, 1]

We present a construction of affinely self-similar functions. In terms of the parameters of self-similarity transformations, a condition is given for these functions to belong to the classes L _p[0, 1] as well as to the space C[0, 1]. Some properties of these functions (monotonicity and bounded variation) are studied. A relationship between self-similar functions and self-similar measures is established.     

Realization of 2-solvable nilpotent groups as groups of classes of homotopy self-equivalences

Let X be a 1-connected CW-complex of finite type and ε_?(X) be the group of homotopy classes of self-equivalences of X which induce the identity on homotopy groups. In this paper, we prove that every finitely generated 2-solvable rational nilpotent group is realizable as ε_?(X) where X is the rationalization of a 1-connected CW-complex of finite type.     

Nombre de representations d'une permutation comme produit de deux cycles de longueurs donnees

We consider the Ramsey number r(sK₂, G) where sK₂(s?1) denotes a set of s disjoint edges and G is an arbitrary finite simple graph with no isolated vertices. We obtain upper and lower bounds in the general case. Exact results are obtained for certain classes of graphs.     

Geometry and entropy of generalized rotation sets

For a continuous map f on a compact metric space we study the geometry and entropy of the generalized rotation set Rot(Φ). Here Φ = (?₁, ..., ? _m ) is a m-dimensional continuous potential and Rot(Φ) is the set of all µ-integrals of Φ and µ runs over all f-invariant probability measures. It is easy to see that the rotation set is a compact and convex subset of ? ^m . We study the question if every compact and convex set is attained as a rotation set of a particular set of potentials within a particular class of dynamical systems. We give a positive answer in the case of subshifts of finite type by constructing for every compact and convex set K in ? ^m a potential Φ = Φ(K) with Rot(Φ) = K. Next, we study the relation between Rot(Φ) and the set of all statistical limits Rot _Pt (Φ). We show that in general these sets differ but also provide criteria that guarantee Rot(Φ) = Rot _Pt (Φ). Finally, we study the entropy function w ? H(w),w ∈ Rot(Φ). We establish a variational principle for the entropy function and show that for certain non-uniformly hyperbolic systems H(w) is determined by the growth rate of those hyperbolic periodic orbits whose Φ-integrals are close to w. We also show that for systems with strong thermodynamic properties (sub-shifts of finite type, hyperbolic systems and expansive homeomorphisms with specification, etc.) the entropy function w ? H(w) is real-analytic in the interior of the rotation set.     

VC-sets and generic compact domination

Let X be a closed subset of a locally compact second countable group G whose family of translates has finite VC-dimension. We show that the topological border of X has Haar measure 0. Under an extra technical hypothesis, this also holds if X is constructible. We deduce from this generic compact domination for definably amenable NIP groups.     

New ideas for decomposing nonlinearities in differential equations

In this paper we consider the decomposition for the nonlinearity in a differential equation for the solution by decomposition. By analyzing and transforming the Taylor expansion of the nonlinearity about the initial solution component, the decomposition of the nonlinearity is converted to the partitions of the solution sets for a class of Diophantine equations. This conversion simplifies the discussion and presents a new idea for decompositions. We enumerate five types of partitions and their corresponding decomposition polynomials. Each of the last four types contains infinitely many kinds of decomposition polynomials in the form of finite sums. In Types 2, 3 and 4, there is a parameter q and each value of q corresponds to a class of decomposition polynomials. In Type 5, each positive integer sequence {c_j} satisfying 1 = c₁ ? c₂ ? ? and j ? c_j for j = 2, 3, … corresponds to a class of decomposition polynomials. Four classes of the Adomian polynomials [R. Rach, A new definition of the Adomian polynomials, Kybernetes 37 (2008) 910-955] are derived as particular cases.     

Optimal recovery from a finite set in Banach spaces of entire functions

We develop an approach to the problem of optimal recovery of continuous linear functionals in Banach spaces through information on a finite number of given functionals. The results obtained are applied to the problem of the best analytic continuation from a finite set in the complex space Cn, n?1, for classes of entire functions of exponential type which belong to the space Lp, 1<p<∞, on the real subspace of Cn. These latter are known as Wiener classes.     

On maximal and minimal elements of partially ordered sets of Boolean degrees

The paper addresses the “weakest” algorithmic reducibility—Boolean reducibility. Under study are the partially ordered sets of Boolean degrees L _Q corresponding to the various closed classes of Boolean functions Q. The set L _Q is shown to have no maximal elements for many closed classes Q. Some examples are given of a sufficiently large classes Q for which L _Q contains continuum many maximal elements. It is found that the sets of degrees corresponding to the closed classes T ₀₁ and SM contain continuum many minimal elements.     

The visually distinct configurations of k sets

Two sets of sets, C₀ and C₁, are said to be visually equivalent if there is a 1-1 mapping m from C₀ onto C₁ such that for every S, T?C₀, S ∩ T=0 if and only if m(S)∩ m(T)=0 and S?T if and only if m(S)?m(T). We find estimates for V(k), the number of equivalence classes of this relation on sets of k sets, for finite and infinite k. Our main results are that for finite k, $\text{1}\text{2}\text{k}{}^2\text{-k log k <log V (k)<ak}{}^2\text{+βk+log k}$, where α and β are approximately 0.7255 and 2.5323 respectively, and there is a set N of cardinality $\text{1}\text{2}\text{(k}{}^2\text{+k)}$ such that there are V(k) visually distinct sets of k subsets of N.     

On the Cardinality of the Family of Precomplete Classes in P E

Let E be an infinite set of cardinality m, and let P _E be the set of all functions defined on E. We prove that the cardinality of the family of all classes precomplete in P _E is equal to $2^{2^m }$ . If C _? is the set of all continuous functions of real variables, then the cardinality of the family of all classes precomplete in C _? is equal to $2^{2^{\aleph _0 } }$ .     

Laws of the iterated logarithm for partial sum processes indexed by functions

We establish a bounded and a compact law of the iterated logarithm for partial sum processes indexed by classes of functions. We assume a growth condition on the metric entropy under bracketing. Examples show that our results are sharp. As a corollary we obtain new results for weighted sums of independent identically distributed random variables.     

Green's relations in finite function semigroups

Let? _n be the set of all partial functions on ann-element setX _n , i.e., the set of all functions whose domain and range are subsets ofX _n . Green's equivalence relations?, ?, ? and? are considered, and the number and cardinality of the corresponding equivalence classes are determined. The number of idempotent and generalized idempotent elements in? _n is also determined.     

Global heat kernel estimates for fractional Laplacians in unbounded open sets

In this paper, we derive global sharp heat kernel estimates for symmetric ??-stable processes (or equivalently, for the fractional Laplacian with zero exterior condition) in two classes of unbounded C ^1,1 open sets in ${\mathbb R^d}$ : half-space-like open sets and exterior open sets. These open sets can be disconnected. We focus in particular on explicit estimates for p _D (t, x, y) for all t?>?0 and ${x, y\,{\in}\,D}$ . Our approach is based on the idea that for x and y in D far from the boundary and t sufficiently large, we can compare p _D (t, x, y) to the heat kernel in a well understood open set: either a half-space or ${\mathbb R^d}$ ; while for the general case we can reduce them to the above case by pushing x and y inside away from the boundary. As a consequence, sharp Green functions estimates are obtained for the Dirichlet fractional Laplacian in these two types of open sets. Global sharp heat kernel estimates and Green function estimates are also obtained for censored stable processes (or equivalently, for regional fractional Laplacian) in exterior open sets.     

Completely p-summing maps on the operator Hilbert space OH

We prove the completely p-summing ideals of OH are all equal as sets for 1?p<2. A phase transition then occurs at p=2 as we also show for p?2, the completely p-summing ideals of OH turn out as sets to be Schatten ideal classes with the limiting case being the Schatten 4-class ideal S₄ when p→∞.