HPLC preparation of nitrate from ice cores for mass spectrometric 15N/14N measurements

Summary A method for the analysis of ¹⁵N-data of nitrate at ultratrace levels in ice cores is described. Samples are pre-concentrated using a HPLC-system. Nitrate is then reduced using the Dumas method to molecular nitrogen, which is analysed by mass spectrometry. The overall analytical precision of the method is ±0.4¹⁵N at a sample size of 35 bar l N₂. First results of deep ice-core analyses from Dome Summit, Greenland, are given.     

15N and 31P NMR spectroscopy of triclorophosphazopolyfluoroaryls.

¹⁵N and ³¹P NMR spectra of trichlorophosphazopolyfluoroaryls obtained by the interaction between polyfluoroanilines and PCI₅ in benzene (Kirsanov reaction) have been investigated. The interconversions of monomeric and dimeric forms of trichlorophosphazopolyfluoroaryls by ³¹P NMR are also shown.     

Ammonia-filled discharge tubes for optical emission spectrometric determination of 15N : 14N isotope ratios

A procedure is described for filling a discharge tube, permanently attached to a vacuum line, with ammonia in the pressure range 1.5–5 Torr, without any carrier gas. The ¹⁵N : ¹⁴N isotope ratio is determined from the N₂ spectrum emitted when the tube is excited by a 2450-MHz microwave source. Cooling one end of the discharge tube to —60°C enables the N₂ (1,0) bandheads at 316 nm to be used for ¹⁵N contents down to about 0.04 atom-%. Unidentified interfering bands and emission from NH, OH, H₂ and H are discussed. Samples containing 1–30 mg of nitrogen can be analysed with an accuracy and precision suitable for most soil—plant studies employing ¹⁵N as a tracer.     

Untersuchungen zu einer IR-spektrophotometrischen Bestimmung von 15N und 18O

Zusammenfassung ¹⁵N bzw. ¹⁸O aus organischen Verbindungen muß zur IR-Analyse über NH₃ bzw. H₂O in geeignete Substanzen eingebaut werden. NH₃ kann quantitativ im mMol-Bereich durch Reaktion mit Sulfochloriden oder mit Halogen-nitrobenzolen gebunden werden; H₂O addiert sich quantitativ an Carbodiimide oder Inamine.Die Verschiebungen einiger IR-Absorptionsbanden der markierten Reaktionsprodukte werden angegeben. Die Abhängigkeit der Bandenhöhe der Carbonylabsorption des N, N-Di-p-tolyl-harnstoffs vom ¹⁸O-Gehalt wird demonstriert. Die Amplitude der NH-Absorption in Differenzspektren von ¹⁵N-2,4-Dinitro-anilin-Proben gegen ¹⁴N-2,4-Dinitroanilin ergibt eine Eichkurve, die zur Bestimmung des ¹⁵N-Gehaltes von Testsubstanzen benutzt wird. Der Anwendungsbereich des Verfahrens wird diskutiert.

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Investigations on an IR-spectrophotometric determination of ¹⁵N and ¹⁸O

¹⁵N or ¹⁸O from organic compounds must be converted into substances suitable for infra-red analysis via ammonia or water, respectively. NH₃ can be reacted quantitatively in the mmole scale with sulphochlorides or halonitrobenzenes; H₂O adds quantitatively to carbodiimides or inamines.The shifts of some IR-absorption bands of the labelled reaction products are given. The dependence of the carbonyl adsorbancy of N,N-di-p-tolyl-urea on the ¹⁸O-content is demonstrated. Prom the amplitude of the N-H-absorption in difference spectra of ¹⁵N-2,4-dinitro-aniline samples against ¹⁴N-2,4-dinitroaniline a calibration curve is obtained, which can be used for determining the ¹⁵N content of test substances. The scope of the method is discussed.

     

~1H–~(15)N HMBC spectra of C_(18)-diterpenoid alkaloids

The normally underused 1H–15N HMBC spectra of thirteen C18-diterpenoid alkaloids have been determined for the first time. As a result, the significant effects of the substituents of nitrogen atoms, the conformations of A ring, and protonation, on the nitrogen-15 chemical shifts are demonstrated.     

15N and 17O NMR spectra of some nitrogen- and oxygen-containing polyfluoroaromatic compounds

The effect of substitution of hydrogen by fluorine on the ¹⁵N and ¹⁷O NMR chemical shifts in N-sulphinylarylamines, azoxy- benzenes, C,N-diarylnitrones and aromatic azomethines has been studied. Changes in nitrogen screening are controlled mainly by the radial factor <r^?3>_2p(N), which depends on the electron density on nitrogen, those in oxygen screening — by the two factors, the excitation energy ΔE^?1 and the radial factor <r^?3>_2p(0), which may operate in the same or opposite directions. The ¹⁵N and ¹⁷O NMR spectra of the above compounds did not show any specific effects of perfluorination.     

Unusual deshielding of 15N in bicyclic amines and hydrazines

The bridging nitrogen in 7-aza- and 1,7-diazabicyclo[2 2.1]heptanes and unsaturated derivatives shows unusually large deshielding in the ¹⁵N NMR.     

15N/14N Isotopic Exchange in the Dissociative Adsorption of N2 on Tantalum Nitride Cluster Anions Ta3N3-

Adsorption and activation of dinitrogen (N₂) is an indispensable process in nitrogen fixation. Metal nitride species continue to attract attention as a promising catalyst for ammonia synthesis. However, the detailed mechanisms at a molecular level between reactive nitride species and N₂ remain unclear at elevated temperature, which is important to understand the temperature effect and narrow the gap between the gas phase system and condensed phase system. Herein, the ¹⁴N/¹⁵N isotopic exchange in the reaction between tantalum nitride cluster anions Ta₃¹⁴N₃^- and ¹⁵N₂ leading to the regeneration of ¹⁴N₂/¹⁴N¹⁵N was observed at elevated temperature (393-593 K) using mass spectrometry. With the aid of theoretical calculations, the exchange mechanism and the effect of temperature to promote the dissociation of N₂ on Ta3N3? were elucidated. A comparison experiment for Ta₃¹⁴N₄^-/¹⁵N₂ couple indicated that only desorption of ¹⁵N₂ from Ta₃¹⁴N₄¹⁵N₂^- took place at elevated temperature. The different exchange behavior can be well understood by the fact that nitrogen vacancy is a requisite for the dinitrogen activation over metal nitride species. This study may shed light on understanding the role of nitrogen vacancy in nitride species for ammonia synthesis and provide clues in designing effective catalysts for nitrogen fixation.     

14N and 13C NMR of tautomeric systems of hydroxy-pyridines

¹⁴N NMR is shown to be an efficient method of investigation of the tautomeric equilibria in hydroxy-and related substituted pyridines. Large relative ¹⁴N chemical shifts within tautomeric pairs estimated from N-Me and O-Me derivatives make possible quantitative determinations of the equilibria. Qualitative conclusions may be drawn from ¹⁴N line widths as well as from ¹³C and proton chemical shifts.     

Synthesis and 1H, 13C and 15N NMR characterisation of substituted Pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolines and related compounds

A wide range of novel and known alkyl substituted pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolines and related compounds were synthesized. Some of these compounds can undergo tautomerism and differences have been noted in the structural assignments already published. For each of these compounds, a complete assignment was made using ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N one- and two-dimensional NMR measurements, including NOESY, COSY, ¹H-¹³C HSQC and ¹H-¹³C HMBC. ¹H-¹⁵N HMBC NMR has proved crucial in determining the relevant tautomeric and protonated state of the compounds.     

2-Amino-4-aryl-1-arylideneaminoimidazoles and Acylation Products: A Multinuclear ( 1H, 13C, 15N) NMR Study

The structure of 2-amino-4-aryl-1-arylideneaminoimidazoles in DMSO-d₆ solution was investigated by means of NMR spectroscopic methods (¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁵N). From these data the (E)-configuration at the excocyclic C=N bond and a strong preference for the conformer with the imidazole H-5 and the N=CH proton being spatially close (s-trans regarding the N–N bond) can be concluded. Reaction of the title compounds with acetic anhydride leads to mono and diacylation at the 2-amino group, whereas treatment with pivalic anhydride exclusively affords the corresponding monoacyl product. The mono- and diacylation products exhibit similar configurational and conformational properties as the parent compounds.     

14N NMR弛豫法研究3-烷基斯德酮

常温下3-丙基斯德酮和3-丁基斯德酮为具有很高介电常数的液体，与许多溶剂混溶，预期可以作为许多电解质的优良溶剂．斯德酮环3位上的氮原子给出尖锐的~(14)N NMR峰．~(14)N的四极矩弛豫时间T_Q＝T_2．利用变温下~(14)N NMR T_2测量，得出这两个化合物成液态时分子运动活化能．结果与粘度测量法所得的吻合．     

Determination of hydrogen depth profiles in polymer films by the 15N nuclear reaction technique

Summary It has been shown that the ¹⁵N nuclear reaction technique for hydrogen profiling can be used for the characterization of polymer films. With an optimized sample geometry, a depth resolution of 5 nm near the sample surface is achieved. A special -ray detector allows radiation damage in the sample to be minimized. Since the ¹⁵N technique discriminates between the hydrogen isotopes H and D, a suitable contrast between the different components of a polymer film is achieved by deuterating one component of the polymer. This has been utilized in the study of the surface-induced lamellar ordering within diblock copolymer films.     

Calculation of the 14N and 2H quadrupole coupling tensor in trimeric imidazole

The ¹⁴N and ²H quadrupole coupling tensors at both nitrogen and at all hydrogen sites, have been calculated by ab initio SCF MO methods, in a trimeric imidazole molecule having the geometry found in the solid state. The ¹⁴N changes produced at N(1)H by hydrogen bonding are correctly reproduced to a noteworthy degree of precision, as is the ²H quadrupole interaction at the same site. The changes in the values of the three principal components of the tensor, which have been inferred from NQR measurements when imidazole passes from the gas to the solid state, are supported by the calculations, both for N(1)H and N(3).     

SiC-doped boron nitride nanotubes: computations of 11B and 14N quadrupole coupling constants

Abstract  

Density-functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate the properties of the electronic structures of silicon–carbon-doped boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). The geometries of zigzag and armchair BNNTs were initially optimized and the quadrupole coupling constants subsequently calculated. The results indicate that doping of B and N atoms by C and Si atoms has more influence on the electronic structure of the BNNTs than does doping of B and N atoms by Si and C atoms. The changes of the electronic sites of the N atoms are also more significant than those of the B atoms.     

14N quadrupole coupling in thermochromic N-5-chlorosalicylideneaniline

The temperature dependence on the proton—¹⁴N double resonance spectra demonstrates that thermochromism in solid N-5-chlorosalicylideneaniline is accompanied by intramolecular proton transfer and an enol—keto transformation.