重度烧伤病人血清及24小时尿中7种微量元素的动态变化

从１９９４年８月起对８例重度烧伤病人的血清和２４小时尿中Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ、Ｃｒ及Ｍｎ的含量进行了系统监测，从而了解治疗过程中血清和尿中元素的动态变化。结果表明：血清中Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｅ明显下降，Ｃｕ变化不明显；尿中７种元素排泄量明显超过报道的正常值，尤其多尿期丢失更大。这为治疗烧伤病人，对症补充，促进元素平衡，提高疗效，提供了有益的线索。     

复方锗制剂治疗肿瘤患者及气阴两虚症病人124例疗效分析

复方锗制剂是广西肿瘤防治研究所研制的新中药制剂，具有益气养阴、补血活血之功效，适用于气阴不足引起的神疲乏力、气短自汗、口干咽燥等症的治疗和肿瘤病人放、化疗的辅助治疗，以减轻放、化疗的毒副作用，增强机体的免疫功能。共治疗124例（其中一般气阴两虚症60例，接受放、化疗的肿瘤病人64例）同时用生脉饮治疗60例一般人，用消-TU治疗32例肿瘤病人作对照。结果：一般病人和肿瘤病人的有效率分别为93．3％和95．5％；生脉饮对照组有效率为87.0％；消-TU对照组为75．0％。对一般病例的疗效复方锗制剂与生脉饮无统计学差异（P＞0．05）；对肿瘤病人的疗效明显优于消-TU对照组（P＜0．05）。对肿瘤病人因放、化疗而引起的机体免疫功能抑制有一定的辅助治疗作用，治疗后体液中IgG、IgA、IgM、WBC、NKC及ERFT均有提高作用，尤其以NKC的提高有显著意义（P＜0．05％）。     

超声弹性成像联合超声造影在鉴别原发性及转移性肝癌中的应用

为探讨超声弹性成像联合超声造影在鉴别原发性及转移性肝癌中的应用价值，选择2016年12月至2018年12月期间本院消化外科住院部收治的肝癌患者160例作为研究对象，根据病理组织学检查结果将患者分为原发组和转移组，各80例，两组进行超声弹性成像和超声造影检查，分析单项和两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断效能。结果显示，原发组超声弹性成像评分（3.41±0.85）分，明显高于转移组的（1.52±0.62）分，两组比较差异具有统计学意义，P<0.05。与转移组相比较，原发组造影峰值时间明显延长，造影始增时间明显缩短，造影峰值增强速率明显降低，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度高于超声弹性成像或超声造影单项检查，漏诊率和误诊率低于超声弹性成像或超声造影单项检查，两者联合检查对原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断准确度明显高于超声造影单项检查，P<0.05。说明超声弹性成像联合超声造影有利于明显提高原发性及转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断准确度，值得临床推广应用。     

16例原发性肝癌患者血清锌测定及分析

通过１６例原发性肝癌患者血清锌测定，结果发现：患者血清锌明显低于对照组。提示低血糖锌与原发性肝癌有关。对其关系进行了初步探讨。     

两亲性酞菁锌对人体肝癌细胞的光灭活作用

采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(MTT法),考察了两亲性α-四(对-羧基苯氧基)酞菁锌(Ⅱ)光敏剂对Bel-7402人体肝癌细胞的离体光动力学行为,研究了浓度和光照时间对光灭活作用的影响.结果发现:在适宜的浓度下,酞菁锌光敏剂表现出了良好的抑制作用,且此抑制过程遵循一级反应的动力学规律.另外,酞菁在光催化下产生的单重态氧能损坏癌变的细胞膜,导致靶对细胞的死亡.     

Tandem Molecular Self‐Assembly in Liver Cancer Cells

We herein describe the tandem molecular self‐assembly of a peptide derivative ( 1 ) that is controlled by a combination of enzymatic and chemical reactions. In phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), compound 1 self‐assembles first into nanoparticles by phosphatase and then into nanofibers by glutathione. Liver cancer cells exhibit higher concentrations of both phosphatase and GSH than normal cells. Therefore, the tandem self‐assembly of 1 also occurs in the liver cancer cell lines HepG2 and QGY7703; compound 1 first forms nanoparticles around the cells and then forms nanofibers inside the cells. Owing to this self‐assembly mechanism, compound 1 exhibits large ratios for cellular uptake and inhibition of cell viability between liver cancer cells and normal liver cells. We envision that using both extracellular and intracellular reactions to trigger tandem molecular self‐assembly could lead to the development of supramolecular nanomaterials with improved performance in cancer diagnostics and therapy.     

硒酸脂多糖治疗原发性肝癌临床疗效观察

硒酸脂多糖具有硒和多糖两者特殊作用，它治疗原发性肝癌有肯定的疗效。     

An Aptamer-Nanotrain Assembled from Six-Letter DNA Delivers Doxorubicin Selectively to Liver Cancer Cells

Expanding the number of nucleotides in DNA increases the information density of functional DNA molecules, creating nanoassemblies that cannot be invaded by natural DNA/RNA in complex biological systems. Here, we show how six-letter GACTZP DNA contributes this property in two parts of a nanoassembly: 1) in an aptamer evolved from a six-letter DNA library to selectively bind liver cancer cells; and 2) in a six-letter self-assembling GACTZP nanotrain that carries the drug doxorubicin. The aptamer-nanotrain assembly, charged with doxorubicin, selectively kills liver cancer cells in culture, as the selectivity of the aptamer binding directs doxorubicin into the aptamer-targeted cells. The assembly does not kill untransformed cells that the aptamer does not bind. This architecture, built with an expanded genetic alphabet, is reminiscent of antibodies conjugated to drugs, which presumably act by this mechanism as well, but with the antibody replaced by an aptamer.     

补硒对预防原发性肝癌的作用

原发性肝癌病因为多因素协同作用的结果,我国肝癌病因以乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）、黄曲霉毒（ＡＦＢ１）、饮水污染和遗传等因素为主。某些微量元素缺乏,促进了肝癌的发生、发展。科学工作者针对肝癌病因采取以“防治肝炎、管粮防霉、改良饮水、适量补硒”为中心的综合防治措施,已取得初步成效,本硒进一步阐明在肝癌高发现场应用补硒肝癌的作用。通过四年前瞻研究结果表明,食硒盐补硒组较对照组血硒ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ升高,ＵＤＳ、微     

Peptide‐Coated Platinum Nanoparticles with Selective Toxicity against Liver Cancer Cells

Peptide‐stabilized platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were developed that have significantly greater toxicity against hepatic cancer cells (HepG2) than against other cancer cells and non‐cancerous liver cells. The peptide H‐Lys‐Pro‐Gly‐d Lys‐NH₂ was identified by a combinatorial screening and further optimized to enable the formation of water‐soluble, monodisperse PtNPs with average diameters of 2.5 nm that are stable for years. In comparison to cisplatin, the peptide‐coated PtNPs are not only more toxic against hepatic cancer cells but have a significantly higher tumor cell selectivity. Cell viability and uptake studies revealed that high cellular uptake and an oxidative environment are key for the selective cytotoxicity of the peptide‐coated PtNPs.     

Ultrasensitive Label‐free Electrochemical Immunosensors for Multiple Cell Surface Biomarkers on Liver Cancer Stem Cells

Liver cancer is one of the most widely spread cancers in the world. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of liver cancer cells that are thought to be responsible for relapse of cancer and the resistance to chemotherapy. Detection of CSCs is highly demanded for screening patients who are at high risk for developing metastatic cancers. However, the current methodologies for CSCs detection are sophisticated, expensive and not reliable. Here, we report the development of a label‐free impedance immunosensors for liver CSC quantification using four established CSC surface biomarkers (CD44, CD90, CD133/2 and OV‐6). The immunosensors were simply fabricated by the covalent attachment of four biomarkers specific antibodies on gold electrodes using cysteamine/phenylene isothiocyanate linker. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to detect the binding of the cells to the immunosensors. The binding of the CSCs to the gold electrode surface retards the access of ferri‐ferrocyanide redox molecules to the electrode leading to enhancement in the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) which represents the basis of the detection signal. The developed electrochemical immunosensors showed high sensitivity and selectivity for CSC detection with a wide linear range from 1 × 10¹ to 1× 10⁴ cells/mL with a limit of detection of 1 cell/ml. This work represents a new, accurate, simple and low cost method for the detection of liver CSC that might help in the early diagnosis of metastatic disease and cancer relapse.     

Ellagic Acid Normalizes Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization and Attenuates Inflammation-Mediated Cell Proliferation in Experimental Liver Cancer

Despite great advances in our understanding of the molecular causes of liver cancer, significant gaps still remain in our knowledge of the disease pathogenesis and development of effective strategies for early diagnosis and treatment. The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of ellagic acid (EA) against experimental liver cancer in rats. This is the first report that implies a possible role of EA in controlling liver cancer through activation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeability via activating proteins such as Bax, bcl-2, cyt-C, and caspase-9, which play important roles in apoptosis. Downregulation of NF-κB, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were noted in EA-treated experimental rats and controlled inflammation mediated liver cancer when compared to the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced group. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the livers of experimental rats demonstrated that EA treatment renovated its internal architecture. Overall, these results demonstrate the value of molecular approaches in identifying the potential role of EA as an effective chemopreventive agent.