Moufang Loops of Odd Orderpq1 ··· qnr1 ··· rm

LetLbe a Moufang loop of odd orderpαqα11···qnαnwherepandqiare primes with 3 ≤ p < q1 < ··· < qnand αi ≤ 2. In this paper, we prove thatLis a group ifpandqiare primes with 3 ≤ p < q1 < ··· < qn: (i) α ≤ 3, or (ii) α ≤ 4,p ≥ 5.     

Certain classes of potentials for p ‐Laplacian to be non‐degenerate

Given a positive integer n and an exponent 1 ≤ α ≤ ∞. We will find explicitly the optimal bound r_n such that if the L^α norm of a potential q (t ) satisfies ‖q ‖equation/tex2gif-inf-2.gif < r_n then the n ^th Dirichlet eigenvalue of the onedimensional p ‐Laplacian with the potential q (t ): (|u ′|^{p –2} u ′)′ + (λ + q (t )) |u |^{p –2}u = 0 (1 < p < ∞) will be positive. Using these bounds, we will construct, for the Dirichlet, the Neumann, the periodic or the antiperiodic boundary conditions, certain classes of potentials q (t ) so that the p ‐Laplacian with the potential q (t ) is non‐degenerate, which means that the above equation with λ = 0 has only the trivial solution verifying the corresponding boundary condition. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A note on the sunouchi operator with respect to the walsh—kaczmarz system

An analogue of the so—called Sunouchi operator with respect to the Walsh—Kaczmarz system will be investigated. We show the boundedness of this operator if we take it as a map from the dyadic Hardy space H ^p to L ^p for all 0<p≤1.. For the proof we consider a multiplier operator and prove its (H ^p H ^p)—boundedness for 0<p≤1. Since the multiplier is obviously bounded from L ² to L ², a theorem on interpolation of operators can be applied to show that our multiplier is of weak type (1,1) and of type (q q) for all 1<q<∞. The same statements follow also for the Sunouchi operator.     

Isomorphic embedding of ℓ p n , 1<p<2, into ℓ 1 (1+ε)n

In this paper we partially answer a question posed by V. Milman and G. Schechtman by proving that ℓ _p ⁿ , (C logn)^1/q(1+1/ε)-embeds into ℓ ₁ ^(1+ε)n , where 1<p<2 and 1/p+1/q=1. Supported by ISF.     

On Fefferman and Burkholder–Davis–Gundy inequalities for ℰ-martingales

In a previous paper we introduced a new concept, the notion of ℰ-martingales and we extended the well-known Doob inequality (for 1 < p < + ∞) and the Burkholder–Davis–Gundy inequalities (for p = 2) to ℰ-martingales. After showing new Fefferman-type inequalities that involve sharp brackets as well as the space bmo _q , we extend the Burkholder–Davis–Gundy inequalities (for 1 < p < + ∞) to ℰ-martingales. By means of these inequalities we give sufficient conditions for the closedness in L ^p of a space of stochastic integrals with respect to a fixed ℝ^d-valued semimartingale, a question which arises naturally in the applications to financial mathematics. Finally we investigate the relation between uniform convergence in probability and semimartingale topology. Received: 22 July 1997 / Revised version: 3 July 1998     

Small solutions of polynomial congruences

Let p be prime and q|p − 1. Suppose x ^q ≡ a(mod p) has a solution. We estimate the size of the smallest solution x ₀ with 0 < x ₀ < p. We prove that |x ₀| ≪ p ³/² q ⁻¹ log p. By applying the Burgess character sum estimates, and estimates of certain exponential sums due to Bourgain, Glibichuk and Konyagin, we derive refinements of our result.     

On an inclusion between operator ideals

Let 1 ⩽ q < p < ∞ and 1/r:= 1/p max(q/2, 1). We prove that L _r,p ^(c), the ideal of operators of Gel’fand type l _r,p , is contained in the ideal Π _p,q of (p, q)-absolutely summing operators. For q > 2 this generalizes a result of G. Bennett given for operators on a Hilbert space.     

A Newton‐type algorithm for solving an extremal constrained interpolation problem

Given convex scattered data in R³ we consider the constrained interpolation problem of finding a smooth, minimal L _p‐norm (1 < p < ∞) interpolation network that is convex along the edges of an associated triangulation. In previous work the problem has been reduced to the solution of a nonlinear system of equations. In this paper we formulate and analyse a Newton‐type algorithm for solving the corresponding type of systems. The correctness of the application of the proposed method is proved and its superlinear (in some cases quadratic) convergence is shown. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A short note on weighted mean matrices

In the present paper we have established a relation between (N, p _n ) and (N, q _n ) weighted mean matrices, when considered as bounded operators on 1^p, 1 < p < ∞.     

An almost all result on q1q2 o c (mod q){q_1q_2\equiv c ({\rm mod}\, q)}

In this paper, we consider the congruence equation q₁ q₂ o c (mod q){q_1 q_2 \equiv c ({\rm mod}\, q)} with a < q₁ ￡ a+q^1/2+e{a < q_1 \leq a+q^{1/2+\epsilon}} and b < q₂ ￡ b+q^1/2+e{b < q_2 \leq b+q^{1/2+\epsilon}} and show that it has solution for almost all a and b. Then we apply it to a question of Fujii and Kitaoka as well as generalize it to more variables. At the end, we present a new way to attack the above congruence equation question through higher moments.     

Recovery of band limited functions via cardinal splines

The main result of this paper asserts that if a function f is in the class B_π,p, 1 <p < ∞; that is, those p-integrable functions whose Fourier transforms are supported in the interval [ - π, π], then f and its derivatives f^(j) j = 1, 2, …, can be recovered from its sampling sequence{f(k)} via the cardinal interpolating spline of degree m in the metric ofL _q(ℝ)), 1 <p=q < ∞, or 11 <p=q < ⩽ ∞.     

On Hille-Tamarkin operators and Schatten classes

We determine the smallest Schatten class containing all integral operators with kernels inL _p(L_{p', q})^symm, where 2 <p∞ and 1≦q≦∞. In particular, we give a negative answer to a problem posed by Arazy, Fisher, Janson and Peetre in [1]. Supported in part by DGICYT (SAB-90-0033).     

Boundedness Properties of Pseudo-Differential and Calderón-Zygmund Operators on Modulation Spaces

In this article, we study the boundedness of pseudo-differential operators with symbols in S _ρ,δ ^m on the modulation spaces M ^p,q . We discuss the order m for the boundedness Op(S _ρ,δ ^m )⊂ℒ(M ^p,q ) to be true. We also prove the existence of a Calderón-Zygmund operator which is not bounded on the modulation space M ^p,q with q≠2. This unboundedness is still true even if we assume a generalized T(1) condition. These results are induced by the unboundedness of pseudo-differential operators on M ^p,q whose symbols are of the class S _1,δ ⁰ with 0<δ<1.      

Designs arising from Buekenhout‐Metz unitals

An affine 2–(q³,q², q + 1) design is constructed from a Buekenhout‐Metz unital of the affine plane AG(2,q²), with q > 2. It is also shown that such a design is isomorphic to the point‐plane design of the affine space AG(3,q). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 11: 79–88, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10010     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for boundedness of commutators of strongly singular integral operators with weighted Lipschitz functions

In this paper, we prove the commutator T _b generated by the strongly singular integral operator T and the function b is bounded from L ^p (w) to L ^q (w ^1−q ) if and only if b ∈ Lip _β (w), where w ∈ A ₁, 0 < β < 1, 1 < p < n/β and 1/q = 1/p − β/n. To do this, we first show a maximal function estimate for the commutator.     

Fractional Integral Operators on Anisotropic Hardy Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the fractional integral operator T of degree α of order m with respect to a dilation A for 0 < α < 1 and . First we establish the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities for T on anisotropic Hardy spaces associated with dilation A, which show that T is bounded from H ^p to H ^q , or from H ^p to L ^q , where 0 < p ≤ 1/(1 + α) and 1/q = 1/p − α. Then we give anisotropic Hardy spaces estimates for a class of multilinear operators formed by fractional integrals or Calderón-Zygmund singular integrals. Finally, we apply the above results to give the boundedness of the commutators of T and a BMO function. Research supported by NSF of China (Grant: 10571015) and SRFDP of China (Grant: 20050027025).     

Norm optimization problem for linear operators in classical Banach spaces

The main result of the paper shows that, for 1 < p < ∞ and 1 ≤ q < ∞, a linear operator T: ℓ _p → ℓ _q attains its norm if, and only if, there exists a not weakly null maximizing sequence for T (counterexamples can be easily constructed when p = 1). For 1 < p ≠ q < ∞, as a consequence of the previous result we show that any not weakly null maximizing sequence for a norm attaining operator T: ℓ _p → ℓ _q has a norm-convergent subsequence (and this result is sharp in the sense that it is not valid if p = q). We also investigate lineability of the sets of norm-attaining and non-norm attaining operators.     

Strongly singular convolution operators on the weighted Herz-type Hardy spaces

Let 0<p≤1<q<0, andw ₁ ,w ₂ ∈ A ₁ (Muckenhoupt-class). In this paper the authors prove that the strongly singular convolution operators are bounded from the homogeneous weighted Herz-type Hardy spacesH K^{α, p} _q(w₁; w₂) to the homogeneous weighted Herz spacesK ^{α, p} _q (w₁; w₂), provided α=n(1−1/q). Moreover, the boundedness of these operators on the non-homogeneous weighted Herz-type Hardy spacesH K ^{α, p} _q (w ₁;w ₂) is also investigated. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Multiple blocking sets in finite projective spaces and improvements to the Griesmer bound for linear codes

Belov, Logachev and Sandimirov construct linear codes of minimum distance d for roughly 1/q ^k/2 of the values of d < q ^k-1. In this article we shall prove that, for q = p prime and roughly \frac38{\frac{3}{8}}-th’s of the values of d < q ^k-1, there is no linear code meeting the Griesmer bound. This result uses Blokhuis’ theorem on the size of a t-fold blocking set in PG(2, p), p prime, which we generalise to higher dimensions. We also give more general lower bounds on the size of a t-fold blocking set in PG(δ, q), for arbitrary q and δ ≥ 3. It is known that from a linear code of dimension k with minimum distance d < q ^k-1 that meets the Griesmer bound one can construct a t-fold blocking set of PG(k−1, q). Here, we calculate explicit formulas relating t and d. Finally we show, using the generalised version of Blokhuis’ theorem, that nearly all linear codes over \mathbb F_p{{\mathbb F}_p} of dimension k with minimum distance d < q ^k-1, which meet the Griesmer bound, have codewords of weight at least d + p in subcodes, which contain codewords satisfying certain hypotheses on their supports.     

On the Fréchet space L p −

This paper contains a study of the structure of the Fréchet space L _p ⁻, 1< p ≤∞, defined as the intersection of L _q [0,1] for q<p, and endowed with the projective topology. The main topics covered are: normable, Schwartz and nuclear subspaces of L _p ⁻; construction of uncomplemented copies of ?₂ inside L _p ⁻ for p<2; construction of Montel non-Schwartz subspaces; the space L _p ⁻ is primary. Received: 30 October 1996 / Revised version: 1 February 1998