共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
以表面含有氨基的可反应性纳米SiO2(RNS-A)和表面含有烷基碳链的可分散性纳米SiO2(DNS-3)作为填料,利用原位聚合法制备了尼龙6/SiO2纳米复合材料(相应的复合材料分别简记为RPA和DP3);采用透射电子显微镜观察了复合材料中纳米SiO2的表面形貌,并利用热失重分析仪测定了复合材料的热稳定性,进而考察了纳米SiO2表面功能基团对尼龙6力学性能和热稳定性的影响.结果显示,纳米SiO2能够很好地分散在尼龙6基体中,并使尼龙6的热分解温度提高10℃左右.与此同时,RPA的最大拉伸强度和冲击强度较纯尼龙6的分别提高34.5%和12.5%,DP3的最大拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高18.2%和45.7%.这表明两种纳米SiO2均可以有效地提高尼龙6的力学性能和热稳定性;可以推测,纳米SiO2的增强效应与其在尼龙6基体材料中的分散和界面作用有关. 相似文献
2.
3.
室温下, 采用原位聚合法, 以吡咯(PY)为单体, 氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)为氧化剂, 在塑料基片上聚合生长了聚吡咯(PPy)纳米微球. 然后在聚吡咯基片上生长ZnO种子, 将表面种有ZnO种子的PPy元件置于六次甲基四胺与硝酸锌的混合溶液中, 90 ℃水浴中, 在PPy微球上生长了ZnO纳米棒, 合成了PPy/ZnO异质纳米复合材料. 分别通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对PPy/ZnO异质纳米复合材料的结构和形貌进行了表征. 制备了塑料基的PPy/ZnO异质纳米复合材料气体传感器, 在室温下, 对10×10-6-150×10-6 (体积分数)浓度范围的氨气进行了气敏测试, PPy/ZnO气敏元件对氨气响应的灵敏度基本呈线性关系, 且对甲醇、丙酮、甲苯等有机气体表现出很好的选择性. 最后, 对PPy/ZnO异质纳米复合材料的形成机理进行了简要分析. 相似文献
4.
用原位分散聚合法制备了一系列MC尼龙/纳米La2O3复合材料,研究了纳米La2O3用量对复合材料力学性能的影响,用SEM观察了La2O3粒子在MC尼龙基体中的分散情况,用XRD对复合材料的晶体结构进行了表征。SEM观察结果表明,当纳米La2O3用量小于1%时,纳米La2O3均匀分散于MC尼龙基体中,团聚情况很少,当纳米La2O3用量大于1%时,纳米La2O3开始团聚;XRD研究结果表明,纳米La2O3没有改变MC尼龙的结晶形态;力学性能的研究结果表明,随着纳米La2O3用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量都呈先升后降的趋势,当纳米La2O3用量为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率达到最大值,分别比MC尼龙提高17.9%和52.1%,当纳米La2O3的用量为1.0%时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到最大值,分别比MC尼龙基体提高36,6%.12.7%和16.3%。 相似文献
5.
6.
以离子型纤维素醚羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的水溶液为反应介质,制备[Zn4CO3(OH)6]CMC水凝胶,洗涤、干燥后经不同温度煅烧前驱物得到ZnO纳米粒子。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、TG-DSC及FT-IR等测试技术对产物的组成、粒径及形态进行表征,研究了CMC对前驱物及ZnO形态和尺寸的影响。结果表明,由于CMC加入对煅烧前驱物产生的空间位阻作用,所制得纳米ZnO粒子粒度分布均匀、分散性好、不易团聚、粒子的平均粒径<20 nm。利用UV-V is测试了纳米ZnO的光吸收性能,所得的纳米ZnO在200~400 nm具有较强的吸收性。 相似文献
7.
尼龙6/石墨纳米导电复合材料的制备与性能 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
通过原位插层聚合制备了尼龙 6 /石墨纳米导电复合材料 ,其室温导电渗滤阈值为 =0 75vol% ,远远低于常规导电粒子填充的聚合物复合材料 .当石墨体积分数为 2 0vol%时 ,室温电导率可达 10 -4 S/cm .透射电镜研究表明 :由于石墨经高温膨胀后其片层被剥离导致了片状石墨粒子具有巨大的径厚比 ,经原位插层聚合其片层厚度进一步被剥离为几十个纳米 ,同时原位插层聚合使得石墨粒子能够均匀分散在尼龙 6基体中 ,因而导致了该导电复合材料的低渗滤阈值和高导电性能 . 相似文献
8.
9.
碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的制备和表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过将不同直径的ZnO纳米颗粒与碳纳米管连接制备了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体. 将团聚的ZnO纳米颗粒分散并用表面活性剂CTAB使纳米颗粒带正电. 化学氧化碳纳米管使其带负电. ZnO/CTAB微团通过碳管表面羧基与CTAB的静电作用与碳纳米管连接形成纳米复合体. 研究了复合体形成的不同实验条件, 表征了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的结构并研究了纳米复合体的光学特性. 研究表明, 与碳纳米管连接的ZnO纳米颗粒是互不连接的并保持量子点的特性. 光致发光研究表明ZnO纳米颗粒的激发在纳米复合体中有淬灭. 相似文献
10.
尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备、结构与力学性能的研究 总被引:108,自引:6,他引:108
未经处理及经11 氨基酸处理的蒙脱土由于己内酰胺的引入而发生膨胀.己内酰氨可以在蒙脱土的硅酸盐片层间聚合,形成尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料.经11 氨基酸处理的蒙脱土和尼龙6分子间有很强的化学相互作用.与未经处理的蒙脱土相比,其所构成的纳米复合材料具有很好的力学性能. 相似文献
11.
用反应挤出法制备尼龙6塑料 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用双螺杆挤出机进行了尼龙6阴离子开环聚合反应的研究,通过改变引发剂及活化剂的浓度、螺杆转速、机筒的温度分布以及螺杆元件构型的排布等,研究这些工艺参数对尼龙6反应挤出产物性能的影响。结果表明,反应挤出的尼龙6综合机械性能比水解缩聚法生产,且具有较高的性能价格比。 相似文献
12.
In this paper, a new type of organophilic montmorillonites, co-treated by octadecylammonium and aminoundecanoic acid, were synthesized and applied to prepare nylon 66/montmorillonite nanocomposites via melt compounding in a twin extruder. WAXD and TEM characterization indicate that a disordered structure was derived and the montmorillonite platelets dispersed in nanoscale in the nylon 66 matrix. The nanocomposites with co-treated montmorillonite display comparatively higher strength and modulus compared to nylon 66 matrix. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
PC/尼龙6共混合金的结晶结构与性能 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
聚碳酸酯(PC)由于具有突出的冲击韧性、良好的透明性、尺寸稳定性和电气绝缘性而广泛应用于电子电气、仪器仪表、汽车、机械、医疗、照明和建筑等领域,是一种综合性能优良的工程塑料.但也存在着加工流动性差和耐药性差、易应力开裂及对缺口敏感等缺陷,且价格昂贵,因而限制了它的应用范围.对PC进行合金化,提高PC的性能,降低成本是PC改性的重要研究方向,开发成功的PC合金有PC/ABS,PC/PET,PC/PBT[1]和PC/PE[2]等.制备高性能PC/尼龙6(PA6)合金是目前国内外PC改性的热点.PA6的加入可以改善PC的耐药性、耐应力开裂性及加工性能,降… 相似文献
16.
Jianan Zhang Nannan Liu Mozhen Wang Xuewu Ge Mingyuan Wu Jianjun Yang Qingyun Wu Zhilai Jin 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(14):3128-3134
Polymer/SiO2 nanocomposite microspheres were prepared by double in situ miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, γ‐methacryloxy(propyl) trimethoxysilane, and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). By taking full advantage of phase separation between the growing polymer particles and TEOS, inorganic/polymer microspheres were fabricated successfully in a one‐step process with the formation of SiO2 particles and the polymerization of organic monomers taking place simultaneously. The morphology of nanocomposite microspheres and the microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and optical properties of the nanocomposite films were characterized and discussed. The results showed that hybrid microspheres had a raspberry‐like structure with silica nanoparticles on the shells of polymer. The silica particles of about 20 nm were highly dispersed within the nanocomposite films without aggregations. The transmittance of nanocomposite film was comparable to that of the copolymer film at around 70–80% from 400 to 800 nm. The mechanical properties and the fire‐retardant behavior of the polymer matrix were improved by the incorporation of silica nanoparticles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3128–3134, 2010 相似文献
17.
Thermal properties and combustion characterization of nylon 6/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites via organic modification and melt intercalation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The nylon 6/MgAl layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) nanocomposites have been prepared by melt intercalation of nylon 6 into the part organic dodecyl sulfate (DS) anion-modified MgAl(H-DS) interlayers. The structures and properties of MgAl(H-DS) and corresponding nanocomposites were characterized by ion chromotography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and cone calorimeter test (CCT). The nanoscale dispersion of MgAl(H-DS) layers in the nylon 6 matrix has been verified by the disappearance of d001 XRD diffraction peak of MgAl(H-DS) and the observation of TEM image. DSC tests evince that these exfoliated MgAl(H-DS) layers play the role of nucleating agents with strong heterogeneous nucleation effect on the crystallization of nylon 6 and increase its crystallization temperature over 12 °C with only 5 wt% MgAl(H-DS). TGA tests show that the effect of alkaline catalysis degradation from LDH on nylon 6 decreases the thermal stability of nylon 6/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites. The data from the cone calorimeter tests show that the HRR and MLR values of the sample with 5 wt% MgAl(H-DS) decrease considerably to 664 kW/m2 and 0.161 g/m2 s from 1064 kW/m2 and 0.252 g/m2 s of pure nylon 6, respectively. This kind of exfoliated nanocomposite is promising for the application of flame-retardant polymeric materials. 相似文献
18.
B. K. Annis G. D. Wignall Alan R. Hopkins Paul G. Rasmussen Rafil A. Basheer 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1997,35(17):2765-2774
The structure of blends of Nylon 6 with deuterated polyaniline emeraldine base (D-PANI-EB) and fully doped D-PANI salts (D-PANI-ES) formed from camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), or dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) were investigated by small-angle neutron (SANS) and X-ray scattering. The blends were formed from hexafluoro-2-propanol solutions and had volume fractions of 0.038, 0.20, and 0.40 for D-PANI/CSA, 0.20 and 0.40 for D-PANI/MSA, 0.24 and 0.44 for D-PANI/DBSA, and 0.07, 0.14, and 0.31 for D-PANI-EB. The SANS results are compared with a number of standard models for two-phase systems. No evidence was found for significant molecular mixing. In some cases the inverse power law model is in reasonable agreement with observations, and in the case of the lowest concentration of D-PANI/CSA there is an indication of mass fractal structure. This was not found at the higher concentrations. The results establish that the blends with the smaller more polar dopants CSA and MSA behave similarly and are unlike either the D-PANI/DBSA blends or those with D-PANI-EB. There is evidence that the simple picture of two pure phases is inadequate for these materials. With the exception of the D-PANI/DBSA blend which has a relatively low scattering contrast, the results indicate that the lower limit of volume fraction for application of SANS is a few percent D-PANI-ES in Nylon 6. X-ray scattering was used to demonstrate the presence of Nylon 6 lamellae and residual peaks attributable to the pure components. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 2765–2774, 1997 相似文献
19.
考察了尼龙1010结晶试样进行SEM观察时合适的溶剂刻蚀条件。在甲酸蒸气中,于室温刻蚀40分钟以上,或于60~80℃刻蚀20~40分钟时能得到较好的刻蚀效果。 相似文献
20.
Hiroyoshi Nakajima Katsuhiro Yamada Yuki Iseki Satoru Hosoda Ayako Hanai Yasunori Oumi Toshiharu Teranishi Tsuneji Sano 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(24):3324-3332
Polypropylene (PP)/Ti-MCM-41 nanocomposites were prepared by isospecific propylene polymerization with Ti-MCM-41/Al(i-C4H9)3 catalyst. The cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) 13C NMR spectrum of the composite was similar to that of the conventional isotactic PP, and the decrease in the pore volume of Ti-MCM-41 in the nanocomposites, as measured by N2 adsorption, was consistent with the value calculated from the weight loss in the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curve; both these facts attest to propylene polymerization within the mesopores of Ti-MCM-41. Alkali treatment followed by extraction with o-dichlorobenzene allows us to extract the confined PP out of the Ti-MCM-41 mesopores. Although the PP/Ti-MCM-41 nanocomposites do not exhibit a crystalline melting point, the same PP when extracted from the mesopores showed a clear melting point at 154.7 °C; this indicates that the crystallization of PP confined in mesopores is strongly hindered. For the PP polymerized within the confinement, the molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) were 84,000 and 4.3, respectively; these values were considerably smaller than those of the PP polymerized concurrently outside the Ti-MCM-41 mesopores (Mw = 200,000–450,000, Mw/Mn = 40–75). Therefore, the confinement also has a marked effect on the molecular weight of the PP. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 3324–3332, 2003 相似文献