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1.
Magnetic chitosan microspheres were prepared by the emulsification cross-linking technique in the presence of glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent, liquid paraffin as dispersant, and Span-80 as emulsifier. The optimal cross-linking time and Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4: chitosan ratio were determined. The morphology of particles was studied by different techniques. The adsorption characteristics were studied and the effect exerted by the initial concentration of methyl orange, the time of cross-linking, and the amount of the adsorbent was determined. It is found that the product obtained at the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4: chitosan ratio 1: 4 and the crosslinking time 5 h has the uniform morphology. At room temperature, the Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4–chitosan magnetic composite has maximal adsorption for methyl orange at the dosage 20 mg.  相似文献   

2.
Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanofibers with addition of 0–5 wt% Bi2O3 were synthesized by calcination of the electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone/inorganic composite nanofibers at the temperature below the melting point of Bi2O3. The effects of Bi2O3 addition on the phase structure, morphology and magnetic properties of the nanofibers were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer. It is found that the nanofiber diameter, crystallite size and magnetic parameters can be effectively tuned by simply adjusting the amount of Bi2O3 addition. The average diameter of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanofibers doped with different contents of Bi2O3 ranges from 40 to 63 nm and gradually decreases with increasing Bi2O3 content. The addition of Bi2O3 does not induce the phase change and all the samples are a single-phase spinel structure. The amorphous Bi2O3 tends to concentrate on the nanoparticle surface and/or grain boundary and can retard the particles motion as well as the grain growth, resulting in a considerable reduction in grain size compared to the pristine sample. The specific saturation magnetization and coercivity of the nanofibers gradually decrease with the increase of Bi2O3 amount. Such behaviors are explained on the basis of chemical composition, surface effect, domain structure and crystal anisotropy.  相似文献   

3.
Thick film of nanocrystalline Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 was obtained by sol–gel citrate method for gas sensing application. The synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy. The XRD pattern shows spinel type structure of Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4. XRD of Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 revels formation of solid solution with average grain size of about 30 nm. From gas sensing properties it observed that nickel doping improves the sensor response and selectivity towards ammonia gas and very low response to LPG, CO, and H2S at 280 °C. Furthermore, incorporation of Pd improves the sensor response and stability of ammonia gas and reduced the operating temperature upto 210 °C. The sensor is a promising candidate for practical detector of ammonia.  相似文献   

4.
We proposed here a new process coupling dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with magnetic photocatalytic material nanoparticles for improving yield in DBD degradation of methyl orange (MO). TiO2 doped Fe3O4 (TiO2/Fe3O4) was prepared by the sol-gel method and used as a new type of magnetic photocatalyst in DBD system. It was found that the introduction of TiO2/Fe3O4 in DBD system could effectively make use of the energy generated in DBD process and improve hydroxyl radical contributed by the main surface Fenton reaction, photocatalytic reaction and catalytic decomposition of dissolved ozone. Most part of MO (88%) was degraded during 30 min at peak voltage of 13 kV and TiO2/Fe3O4 load of 100 mg/L, with a rate constant of 0.0731 min?1 and a degradation yield of 7.23 g/(kW h). The coupled system showed higher degradation efficiency for MO removal.  相似文献   

5.
Chitosan nanoparticles with magnetic properties can be potentially used as separation materials in adsorption of oil for enhanced oil recovery. Different from the traditional surfactants, the novel magnetic Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles are of excellent biodegradation and a high level of controllability. The Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles with core-shell structure were prepared successfully. The image of transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscopy showed that the cubic-shape magnetic Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-particles were encapsulated by the spherical chitosan nanoparticles. The size of the Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles was below 100 nm. The saturated magnetization of the Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles could reach 80 emu g?1 and showed the characteristics of superparamagnetism at the same time. The evaluation on the interfacial properties of the product demonstrated that the interfacial tension between crude oil and water could be reduce to ultra-low values (to about 10?3 mN m?1) when the magnetic Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticle was used in several blocks in Shengli Oilfield without other additives. Meanwhile, the magnetic Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles possessed good salt-resisting capacity.  相似文献   

6.
Nanobiotechnology has opened a new and exciting opportunities for exploring urea biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) mainly Fe3O4 and Co3O4. These NPs have been extensively exploited to develop biosensors with stability, selectivity, reproducibility and fast response time. This review gives an overview of the development of urea biosensor based on Fe3O4 and Co3O4 for in vitro diagnostic applications along with significant improvements over the last few decades. Additionally, effort has been made to elaborate properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in biosensing aspects. It also gives details of recent developments in hybrid nanobiocomposite based urea biosensor.  相似文献   

7.
Layered transition metal oxide LiNi x Co y MnzO2 cathode materials with different Li amount were successfully synthesized via co-precipitation method. Monodispersed Li[Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3]O2 and Li-rich Li1.1[Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3]O2 spherical agglomeration consisted of secondary particles, which is favorable for the higher tap-density of materials, can be easily obtained. The pouch-typed cells with obtained materials were assembled to investigate electrochemical performance at level of full-cell. The results show that the assembled pouch-typed full-cells with Li-rich sample present higher capacity, better rate capability and cycle life.  相似文献   

8.
Nano-crystalline La0.8Sr0.2Co0.5Fe0.5O3±δ powder has been successfully synthesized by microwave assisted sol–gel (MWSG) method. The decomposition and crystallization behavior of the gel-precursor was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. From the result of FT-IR and X-ray diffraction patterns, it is found that a perovskite La0.8Sr0.2Co0.5Fe0.5O3±δ was formed by irradiating the precursor at 700 W for 3 min, but the well-crystalline perovskite La0.8Sr0.2Co0.5Fe0.5O3±δ was obtained at 700 W for 35 min. Morphological and specific area analysis of the powder were done by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The surface areas measured was 38.9 m2/g and the grain size was ∼23 nm. Electrochemical properties of pure LSCF cathode on YSZ electrolyte at intermediate temperatures were investigated by using AC impedance analyzer, which shows a low area specific resistance (0.077 Ω cm2 at 1073 K and 0.672 Ω cm2 at 953 K). Moreover, the synthesis period of 20 h usually observed for conventional heating mode is reduced to a few minutes. Thus, the MWSG method is proved to be a novel, extremely facile, time-saving and energy-efficient route to synthesize LSCF powders.  相似文献   

9.
Co0.5Ni0.5(Gd/Nd)xFe2-xO4 (x ?= ?0.0 and 0.06) ferrites were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. These materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, and VSM techniques. The XRD analysis revealed the phase formation of all samples and their cubic spinel structure with the Fd-3m space group. Lattice constant was found to increase due to Gd and Nd ions substitution. However, the crystallite size was observed to decrease by the substitution effect. The FT-IR spectra showed the two vibrational frequency bands of the tetrahedral and octahedral sites. From the magnetic properties study, it was identified that the pure and Gd substituted Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite showed a ferromagnetic behaviour. While the Nd substituted Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite delivered a superparamagnetic behaviour. The substitution of Gd and Nd changed the values of the magnetic parameters of Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite. An increase in the saturation magnetization (Ms) value was observed due to substitution of Gd and Nd in Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite, indicating that Gd and Nd substitution strengthen the supermagnetic interactions in Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite. The highest value of Ms was observed in Gd doped sample.  相似文献   

10.
A novel Bi2O4@TiO2 heterojunction was constructed by a simple two-step method. The charges migration between Bi2O4 and TiO2 via the heterojunction improves the electron/hole separation efficiency. Furthermore, Bi2O4@TiO2 heterostructures exhibit better adsorption capability for methyl orange molecular due to their higher specific surface area than pure Bi2O4. As a result, Bi2O4@TiO2 hybrids show an improved visible light photocatalytic activity and photostability for the degradation of methyl orange.  相似文献   

11.
Sn-doped Li-rich layered oxides of Li1.2Mn0.54-x Ni0.13Co0.13Sn x O2 have been synthesized via a sol-gel method, and their microstructure and electrochemical performance have been studied. The addition of Sn4+ ions has no distinct influence on the crystal structure of the materials. After doped with an appropriate amount of Sn4+, the electrochemical performance of Li1.2Mn0.54-x Ni0.13Co0.13Sn x O2 cathode materials is significantly enhanced. The optimal electrochemical performance is obtained at x = 0.01. The Li1.2Mn0.53Ni0.13Co0.13Sn0.01O2 electrode delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 268.9 mAh g?1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 76.5% and a reversible capacity of 199.8 mAh g?1 at 0.1 C with capacity retention of 75.2% after 100 cycles. In addition, the Li1.2Mn0.53Ni0.13Co0.13Sn0.01O2 electrode exhibits the superior rate capability with discharge capacities of 239.8, 198.6, 164.4, 133.4, and 88.8 mAh g?1 at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively, which are much higher than those of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 (196.2, 153.5, 117.5, 92.7, and 43.8 mAh g?1 at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively). The substitution of Sn4+ for Mn4+ enlarges the Li+ diffusion channels due to its larger ionic radius compared to Mn4+ and enhances the structural stability of Li-rich oxides, leading to the improved electrochemical performance in the Sn-doped Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode materials.  相似文献   

12.
Summary The adsorption of 99Tc on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 was studied by batch experiments under aerobic and anoxic conditions. The effects of pH and CO32- concentration of the simulated ground water on the adsorption ratios were also investigated, and the valences of Tc in solution after the adsorption equilibrium were studied by solvent extraction. The adsorption isotherms of TcO4- on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were determined. Experimental results have shown that the adsorption ratio of Tc on Fe decreases with the increase of pH in the range of 5-12 and increases with the decrease of the CO32- concentration in the range of 10-8M-10-2M. Under aerobic conditions, the adsorption ratios of 99Tc on Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were not influenced by pH and CO32-concentration. When Fe was used as adsorbent, Tc existed mainly in the form of Tc(IV) after equilibrium and in the form of Tc(VII) when the adsorbent was Fe2O3 or Fe3O4 under aerobic conditions. The adsorption ratios of Tc on Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 decreased with the increase of pH in the range of 5-12 and increased with the decrease of the CO32- concentration in the range of 10-8M-10-2M under anoxic conditions. Tc existed mainly in the form of Tc(IV) after equilibrium when Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 was the adsorbent under anoxic conditions. The adsorption isotherms of TcO4- on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 are fairly in agreement with the Freundlich’s equation under both aerobic and anoxic conditions.  相似文献   

13.
This article presents the results of our investigation on the obtaining of Ni0.65Zn0.35Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles embedded in a SiO2 matrix using a modified sol–gel synthesis method, starting from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), metal (FeIII,NiII,ZnII) nitrates and ethylene glycol (EG). This method consists in the formation of carboxylate type complexes, inside the silica matrix, used as forerunners for the ferrite/silica nanocomposites. We prepared gels with different compositions, in order to obtain, through a suitable thermal treatment, the nanocomposites (Ni0.65Zn0.35Fe2O4)x–(SiO2)100–x (where x=10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mass%). The synthesized gels were studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG) and FTIR spectroscopy. The formation of Ni–Zn ferrite in the silica matrix and the behavior in an external magnetic field were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and quasi-static magnetic measurements (50 Hz).  相似文献   

14.
As a promising Li-ion battery cathode active material, lithium-rich manganese-based layer-structured oxides suffer from inferior cycle performance and poor rate capability. Herein, Nb-doped Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 is prepared by a sol-gel method, and the effects of Nb doping on its electrochemical performance are investigated. It is concluded that the Nb-doped Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2, has a good layered structure along c-axis independent on the amount of Nb dopant and little cationic mixing. Nb doping for Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 has no obvious influence on its morphology. It is found that Nb doping can enhance the electrochemical activity of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2, such as improved rate performance and cycle performance under high rate conditions. Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 doped with 0.015 Nb shows the best cycle performance under the high rate with the capacity maintenance of 95.4% after 100 cycles under 5 C rate, which is higher than that of the undoped one by 10.5%.
Graphical abstract Rate performance of Li1.2Mn0.54-xCo0.13Ni0.13Nb x O2 materials
  相似文献   

15.
Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 nano-particles have been synthesized by self-propagating auto-combustion of nickel zinc ferrous fumarato-hydrazinate complex. The precursor complex has been characterized by chemical analysis, IR, AAS, thermal analysis and isothermal mass loss studies. The precursor on ignition undergoes self-propagating auto combustion to give Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4. The X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the single phase formation of nano-size ‘as synthesized’ Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4. TEM observation showed the average particle size to be 20 nm. Infrared and magnetization studies were also carried out on the ‘as synthesized’ Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4. The lower value of saturation magnetization and higher Curie temperature of ‘as synthesized’ ferrite also hint at the nano size nature.  相似文献   

16.
Fe3O4 nanorods and Fe2O3 nanowires have been synthesized through a simple thermal oxide reaction of Fe with C2H2O4 solution at 200–600°C for 1 h in the air. The morphology and structure of Fe3O4 nanorods and Fe2O3 nanowires were detected with powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The influence of temperature on the morphology development was experimentally investigated. The results show that the polycrystals Fe3O4 nanorods with cubic structure and the average diameter of 0.5–0.8 μm grow after reaction at 200–500°C for 1 h in the air. When the temperature was 600°C, the samples completely became Fe2O3 nanowires with hexagonal structure. It was found that C2H2O4 molecules had a significant effect on the formation of Fe3O4 nanorods. A possible mechanism was also proposed to account for the growth of these Fe3O4 nanorods. Supported by the Fund of Weinan Teacher’s University (Grant No. 08YKZ008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20573072) and the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20060718010)  相似文献   

17.
Nickel cobalt ferrite, Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4, has been prepared by precursor combustion technique from hexa-hydrazine nickel cobalt ferrous succinate precursor. The precursor was characterized by chemical analysis, CHNS analysis, infrared spectroscopy, TG–DTA and mass loss studies. The thermal data show how the precursor decomposes in four steps to give stable ferrite phase. The precursor decomposes autocatalytically once initially ignited, to give the ‘as-prepared’ nano-spinel ferrite. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals single cubic spinel phase structure. The infrared measurements between 4000 and 350 cm?1 confirmed the intrinsic cation vibrations of the spinel structure. The SEM image clearly shows the nanosized nature of the ferrite. The dielectric constant and loss tangent are found to decrease with increase in frequency which is due to Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization. The loss tangent shows a relaxation peak at ~1 kHz. The variation of DC electrical resistivity with temperature indicates semiconductor behaviour. The temperature- and field-dependent magnetization data of ‘as-prepared’ ferrite reveal that the lattice has either a canted or partially misaligned spin structure due to the nanosized nature of the ferrite.  相似文献   

18.
In this work, we report the synthesis of magnetic sulfur-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4:S NPs) with a novel simple strategy, which includes low temperature multicomponent mixing and high temperature sintering. The prepared Fe3O4:S NPs exhibit a much better adsorption performance towards Pb(II) than bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles. FTIR, XPS, and XRD analyses suggested that the removal mechanisms of Pb(II) by Fe3O4:S NPs were associated with the process of precipitation (formation of PbS), hydrolysis, and surface adsorption. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption data were described well by a pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherms could be presented by Freundlich isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption was not significantly affected by the coexisting ions, and the adsorbent could be easily separated from water by an external magnetic field after Pb(II) adsorption. Thus, Fe3O4:S NPs are supposed to be a good adsorbents for Pb(II) ions in environmental remediation.  相似文献   

19.
A novel nanomagnetic composite heteropolyacid immobilized chitosan/Fe3O4 was prepared via a facile one-pot synthetic approach. This magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst, H3PMo12O40/chitosan/Fe3O4 (PMo/chit/Fe3O4), was fully characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDX analysis methods. A rapid, efficient and the chemoselective synthesis of different pyrano-pyrazole derivatives was achieved in excellent yields via a one-pot four-component reaction in the presence of catalytic amount of PMo/Chit/Fe3O4.  相似文献   

20.
Adsorption characteristics and doxycycline (DC) removal efficiency of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbents have been determined by investigating the effects of pH, concentration of the DC, amount of adsorbents, contact time, ionic strength and temperature. The mechanism of adsorption was also studied. The adsorption of DC to the Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles could be described by Langmuir-type adsorption isotherms. Short contact time between the reagents, reusability of Fe3O4 for three times after recycling of the nanoparticles, good precision and accuracy, wide working pH range and high breakthrough volume are among the highlights of this procedure. The proposed extraction and determination procedure based on magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbent was successfully applied to the determination of DC spiked in honey and various water samples. The method presented here is fast, simple, cheap and robust, and it does not require the use of organic solvents. Also, the method needs only a magnet and can be performed in any laboratory without sophisticated equipment.  相似文献   

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