大位移Timoshenko转轴三维耦合动力学分析

对于高速柔性转轴,综合考虑滑移、弯曲、剪切变形、旋转惯性、陀螺效应和动不平衡等因素,运用Timoshenko旋转梁理论,给出弹性体空间运动的一般性描述,通过Hamilton原理建立弯曲-扭转-轴向三维耦合非线性动力学方程,应用参数摄动方法和假设振型方法进行化简,并用数值模拟分析了轴向刚性滑移、剪切变形、截面尺寸和转速等因素对转轴动力学响应的影响。     

翘曲空间曲线梁自然坐标精确解

基于现有空间曲线梁理论,考虑与扭转有关的翘曲变形和横向剪切变形的影响,建立了自然标架下空间曲线梁的内力和变形的解析解答．将该解答应用于受均布扭矩和竖向分布荷载的平面曲线梁的分析,将所得结果与Heins解答进行比较,证明了理论的正确．并应用该理论分析了解析式中翘曲和横向剪切变形项的影响．     

空间弹性变形梁动力学的旋量系统理论方法

所谓空间弹性梁,即同时考虑受弯曲、拉伸和扭转等力作用而发生空间变形的梁.借助于刚体运动的旋量理论,引入了"变形旋量"这一概念,进而提出了空间弹性梁的旋量理论.在基本的运动学假设和材料力学理论基础上,分析并给出了梁的空间柔度.接着研究了空间弹性梁的动力学,用旋量理论分析了其动能和势能,从而得到了Lagrange算子.通过对边界条件和变形函数的讨论,进一步运用Rayleigh-Ritz方法计算了系统的振动频率.将空间弹性梁与纯弯曲、扭转或者拉伸等简单变形情况下的特征频率做了对比研究.最后,运用所提出的空间弹性梁理论研究了一关节轴线互相垂直的两空间柔性杆机械臂的动力学,通过动力学仿真发现了关节的刚性运动和空间柔性杆的弹性变形运动之间的耦合影响.该文的研究工作阐明了运用旋量系统理论解决具有空间弹性变形杆件的机构动力学问题的有效性.     

压电弯曲元的夹层梁解析模型

压电弯曲元是一类传感和作动器件,已得到广泛的应用．基于一阶剪切变形理论发展了压电弯曲元夹层梁解析模型,对梁截面采用统一转角并将耦合电势沿厚度的分布假设为二次函数,进一步修正了横向剪应变对电位移的影响．以弯曲元简支梁自由振动为例进行数值分析,解析模型解与二维精确解相比具有良好的精度,为分析弯曲元动力机电响应提供了良好的解析模型．     

一种新的计算Timoshenko梁截面剪切系数的方法

Timoshenko梁理论中考虑了截面剪切变形的影响,推导了一种新的计算剪切系数的方法,首先采用悬臂梁纯弯曲变形条件下截面剪应力分布的精确解,基于能量原理得到了各种梁截面剪切系数新的表达式,然后推导了弯扭耦合变形条件下截面剪应力分布的精确解,进一步获得了该条件下截面的剪切系数.结果表明,悬臂梁端面作用力偏离截面的弯曲中心将使剪切系数变小,通过与Cowper计算结果的对比发现结果偏小,其原因是Cowper没有考虑与外力垂直的剪应力的影响,因此新的计算结果更优越.     

一种新的计算Timoshenko梁截面剪切系数的方法

Timoshenko梁理论中考虑了截面剪切变形的影响,推导了一种新的计算剪切系数的方法.首先采用悬臂梁纯弯曲变形条件下截面剪应力分布的精确解,基于能量原理得到了各种梁截面剪切系数新的表达式,然后推导了弯扭耦合变形条件下截面剪应力分布的精确解,进一步获得了该条件下截面的剪切系数.结果表明,悬臂梁端面作用力偏离截面的弯曲中心将使剪切系数变小,通过与Cowper计算结果的对比发现结果偏小,其原因是Cowper没有考虑与外力垂直的剪应力的影响,因此新的计算结果更优越.     

基于剪切效应纤维梁单元的结构非线性有限元数值模拟

基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论的经典纤维模型忽略了剪切变形给截面带来的影响,为了得到更加精确的梁单元模型,该文基于考虑剪切效应的纤维梁单元,根据Timoshenko梁理论,推导了该纤维梁单元的刚度矩阵,并结合弹塑性增量理论,同时考虑了几何非线性和材料非线性的双重影响,建立了压弯剪复杂应力状态下结构非线性有限元...     

正交各向异性体梁弯曲的弹性理论

本文由文献[1]横观各向同性板的弯曲弹性理论关于二维问题的特例,通过比拟,得到了正交各向异性梁弯曲的弹性理论,文中给出了求解正交各向异性梁弯曲问题的一种方法.提出了一种新的深梁理论,并指出了考虑横向剪切变形影响的Reissner理论对于应力分量的近似程度较差.     

基于曲率插值的大变形梁单元

线性梁单元的形函数在单元大转动时会引起虚假应变,不适用于几何非线性分析．传统的几何非线性梁单元由于位移插值和转角插值的相干性,常常引起剪切闭锁等问题．该文 提出了一种平面大变形梁单元,通过单元域内的曲率插值以及曲率与节点位移之间的函数关系,将单元节点力和节点位移表示为节点曲率的函数．由于曲率插值本质上是对梁的应变进行插值,保证了单元任意刚体运动不会产生虚假的节点力;且将梁的截面形心位移表示为曲率的函数,避免了传统单元中的剪切闭锁问题．因而所提方法特别适用于梁的几何非线性分析．数值算例说明了所提方法的正确性和有效性.     

自然弯扭梁广义翘曲坐标的求解

提出了自然弯扭梁受复杂载荷作用时静力分析的一种理论方法,重点在于对控制方程的求解,其中考虑了与扭转有关的翘曲变形和横向剪切变形的影响．在特殊的情况下,可以比较容易地得到这些方程的解答,包括各种内力、应力、应变和位移的计算．算例给出了平面曲梁受水平和垂直分布载荷作用时广义翘曲坐标的求解方法．计算结果表明,求得的应力和位移的理论值和三维有限元结果非常接近．此外,该理论不限于具有双对称横截面的自然弯扭梁,同样可推广至具有一般横截面形状的情况．     

Mixed finite element models for free vibrations of thin-walled beams

Simple mixed finite element models are developed for the free vibration analysis of curved thin-walled beams with arbitrary open cross section. The analytical formulation is based on a Vlasov's type thin-walled beam theory which includes the effects of flexural-torsional coupling, and the additional effects of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia. The fundamental unknowns consist of seven internal forces and seven generalized displacements of the beam. The element characteristic arrays are obtained by using a perturbed Lagrangian-mixed variational principle. Only C⁰ continuity is required for the generalized displacements. The internal forces and the Lagrange multiplier are allowed to be discontinuous at interelement boundaries.

Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the high accuracy and effectiveness of the elements developed. The standard of comparison is taken to be the solutions obtained by using two-dimensional plate/shell models for the beams.     

Linear and Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Active Composite Laminates

The paper presents a finite element concept for analysis of thin-walled active structures featuring fiber reinforced composite laminate as a passive structural material. The structure is rendered active by embedding piezoelectric material as a multifunctional material. A 9-node degenerated shell element based on the first order shear deformation theory is developed as a modelling tool capable of predicting the general behavior of the structure for controlling purposes. The von-Kármán type nonlinearities are considered. The solution strategy of the geometrical nonlinear analysis is based on the incremental approach using the updated Lagrangian formulation. Some numerical results are given to demonstrate the behavior of the element. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

SBFEM elements for thin-walled composite beams with arbitrary layup

The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) is a semi-analytical method in which only the boundary is discretized. The results on the boundary are scaled into the domain with respect to a scaling center which must be “visible” from the whole boundary. For beam-like problems the scaling center can be selected at infinity and only the cross-section is discretized. Two new elements for thin-walled beams have been developed on the basis of the first order shear deformation theory. The beam sections are considered to be multilayered laminate plates with arbitrary layup. The arbitrary cross-section is discretized with beam elements of Timoshenko type. Using the virtual work principle gives the SBFEM equation, which is a system of differential equations of a gyroscopic type. The solution is calculated using the matrix exponential function. The elements have been tested and compared with a finite element model and they give good results. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Interaction curves for vibration and buckling of thin-walled composite box beams under axial loads and end moments

Interaction curves for vibration and buckling of thin-walled composite box beams with arbitrary lay-ups under constant axial loads and equal end moments are presented. This model is based on the classical lamination theory, and accounts for all the structural coupling coming from material anisotropy. The governing differential equations are derived from the Hamilton’s principle. The resulting coupling is referred to as triply flexural–torsional coupled vibration and buckling. A displacement-based one-dimensional finite element model with seven degrees of freedoms per node is developed to solve the problem. Numerical results are obtained for thin-walled composite box beams to investigate the effects of axial force, bending moment, fiber orientation on the buckling loads, buckling moments, natural frequencies and corresponding vibration mode shapes as well as axial-moment–frequency interaction curves.     

Formulación de elementos finitos para vigas de sección abierta formadas por laminados compuestos incluyendo las deformaciones tangenciales por cortante y torsión

In this paper we derive the field of displacements and strains for thin-walled open composite beams with composite laminated material including in their kinematics flexural and torsional shear deformations effects. The equilibrium equations are defined through the variational formulation and show that is possible to formulate C_o finite elements taking into account the torsional shear deformation. Stress-strain relationships for the cross-section of thin-walled composite beams are obtained by extending first-order laminate (FSDT: first-order shear deformation) theory and using a «free stress resultant condition at the boundary». Three different one-dimensional finite elements with C_o continuity are formulated for the study of thin-walled open composite beams and they are labelled as BSW (beam with shear and warping). The influence of the integration strategy in the BSW elements is evaluated via the shear-locking phenomenon and the rate of convergence for displacements and rotations. The stiffness matrix integration is compared using exact and reduced integration methods. Examples of pure torsion and flexo-torsion in a cantilever composite beam are performed. Numerical results are compared to those reported by other authors.     

A geometrically nonlinear (3,2) reduced degree-of-freedom unified zigzag laminated beam element for large deformation analysis

A geometrically nonlinear (3,2) unified zigzag beam element is developed with a reduced number of degree-of-freedom for the large deformation analysis. The main merit of the beam element model is the Kirchhoff and Cauchy shear stress solution for large deformation and large strain analysis is more accurate. The geometrically nonlinearity is considered in the calculation of the zigzag coefficients. Thus, the results of shear Cauchy stress are matching well with solid element analysis in case of the beam with aspect ratio greater than 20 under large deformation. The zigzag coefficients are derived explicitly. The Green strain and the second Piola Kirchhoff stress are used. The second Piola Kirchhoff shear stress is continuous at the interface between adjacent layers priori. The bottom surface second Piola Kirchhoff shear stress condition is used to determine the zigzag coefficient and the top surface second Piola Kirchhoff shear stress condition is used to reduce one degree-of-freedom. The nonlinear finite element equations are derived. In the numerical tests, several benchmark problems with large deformation are solved to verify the accuracy. It is observed that the proposed beam has accurate solution for beam with aspect ratio greater than 20. The second Piola Kirchhoff and Cauchy shear stress accuracy is also good. A convergence study is also presented.     

Finite element dynamic analysis of unsymmetric composite laminated beams with shear effect and rotary inertia under the action of moving loads

The finite element dynamic response of an unsymmetric composite laminated orthotropic beam, subjected to moving loads, has been studied. One-dimensional finite element based on classical lamination theory, first-order shear deformation theory, and higher-order shear deformation theory having 16, 20 and 24 degrees of freedom, respectively, are developed to study the effects of extension, bending, and transverse shear deformation. The theories also account for the Poisson effect, thus, the lateral strains and curvatures can be expressed in terms of the axial and transverse strains and curvatures and the characteristic couplings (bend–stretch, shear–stretch and bend–twist couplings) are not lost. The dynamic response of symmetric cross-ply and unsymmetric angle-ply laminated beams under the action of a moving load have been compared to the results of an isotropic simple beam. The formulation also has been applied to the static and free vibration analysis.     

Contact interaction of composite shells,subjected to follower loads,with a rigid convex foundation

Based on a 7-parameter shell model, a numerical algorithm is developed for solving the contact problem for a multilayered composite shell lying on a rigid convex foundation, which is subjected to a follower pressure and undergoes arbitrarily large rotations. A new geometrically exact solid shell element is formulated, which permits one to solve the nonlinear deformation problem for thin-walled composite structures under unilateral contact constraints by using a small number of load steps. The calculation of a homogeneous ring and an angle-ply toroidal shell interacting with plane and cylindrical foundations is considered.     

爆炸和冲击载荷下金属材料及结构的动态失效仿真

通过数值模拟研究爆炸冲击载荷下金属材料和结构的动态失效规律对表征爆炸冲击毁伤效应及设计新型抗冲击结构具有重要意义.强动载下金属材料失效涉及材料大变形、热力耦合、材料状态变化等多个复杂物理过程,给数值仿真带来了极大挑战,其中包括裂纹、剪切带等复杂失效模式的几何描述、动态失效准则的确定、塑性与损伤耦合演化的描述等问题.针对这些挑战性问题,基于能量变分建立描述金属动态失效过程的热弹塑性相场理论和计算模型,实现了断裂与剪切带失效模式的统一描述,并提出了其显式有限元高效求解策略.进一步将该模型应用于爆炸冲击载荷下金属脆韧失效模式转变、绝热剪切带（ASBs）自组织及冲击波作用下薄壁圆盘失效形式转变三个典型金属动态失效问题,验证了理论模型的准确性及计算模型的稳健性.该工作为后续开展基于仿真的爆炸冲击毁伤评估及防护结构设计研究奠定了基础.     

跨海特大型桥梁风-浪耦合作用的随机振动分析

考虑风-浪耦合场中风和波浪特征参数的相关性,建立了基于有限元法与边界元法联合分析的特大型桥梁风-浪耦合作用运动方程.其中,作用在大型深水基础上的波浪力采用势流理论和边界元法进行计算,并建立有限单元与边界元单元组的映射关系,将边界单元组上的波浪力映射到结构有限单元上;作用在桥梁上的气动力通过有限元法进行计算,包括由脉动风激发的非定常抖振力和由气弹相互作用产生的自激力.在此基础上,基于随机振动分析的高效算法——虚拟激励法,建立了计算桥梁风-浪耦合作用响应的分析方法.最后,针对某跨海超大跨桥梁方案进行研究,结果表明:与风致响应相比,风-浪耦合作用下桥梁深水基础内力显著增大,其中波浪激发的侧向剪力占主导地位,波浪激发的侧向弯矩在海床附近与风致响应基本相当,但在海床以下更大;斜风-波浪耦合作用下的主梁内力响应和深水基础内力响应比正交风-波浪耦合作用下的结果更大.因此,在跨海桥梁设计中,必须考虑风-浪耦合作用效应.