On tunneling through the black hole horizon

It is shown here that there is no way for particle creation to occur by quantum tunneling through an infinitesimal neighborhood of the black hole horizon. This result is a trivial consequence of the regularity of the horizon, the equivalence principle and the general covariance of the relativistic theory of gravity. Moreover, we also confirm the less trivial statement that no particle creation by quantum tunneling through the black hole horizon is possible independent of the size of the presupposed tunneling domain.     

Quantum Tunneling from Apparent Horizon of?Rainbow-FRW Universe

The quantum tunneling from the apparent horizon of rainbow-FRW universe is studied in this paper. We apply the semi-classical approximation, which is put forward by Parikh and Wilczek et al., to research on the scalar field particles tunneling from the apparent horizon of the rainbow-FRW universe, and then use the spin 1/2 Fermions tunneling theory, which brought forward by Kerner and Mann firstly, to research on the Fermions Hawking radiation via semi-classical approximation. Finally, we discuss the meanings of the quantum effect via Finsler geometry.     

黑洞量子隧穿过程的时间

讨论了弯曲时空中黑洞量子隧穿的时间.在假定了黑洞量子隧穿是一个瞬时过程的情况下,通过利用WKB法得出了有静止质量粒子的量子隧穿辐射谱.该辐射谱表明对于在黑洞视界处有静止质量粒子的出射也满足量子力学中的幺正性原理,支持Parikh-Wilczek的结论.结果的合理性表明,在黑洞视界处的量子隧穿过程可以看成是一个瞬时过程.     

Hawking Tunneling Radiation of a Particle with Electric and Magnetic Charge from Kerr-Newman-Kasuya Black Hole

Extending the Parikh＇s quantum tunneling method of an uncharged particle, we investigate the quantum radiation characteristics of a particle with electric and magnetic charge via tunneling from the event horizon of the Kerr-Newman Kasuya black hole. The derived result supports the Parikh＇s opinion and the correction to the thermal spectrum is of precisely the form that satisfies the underlying unitary quantum theory, and finally provides a might explanation to the black hole information puzzle.     

Quantum gravity effects on spectroscopy of Kerr-Newman black hole in gravity’s rainbow

The effects of quantum gravity on spectroscopy for the charged rotating gravity’s rainbow are investigated in this paper. By utilizing an action invariant obtained from particles tunneling through the event horizon, the entropy and area spectrum for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole are derived. The equally spaced entropy spectrum characteristic of Bekenstein’s original derivation is recovered. And, the entropy spectrum is independent of the energy of the test particles, although the gravity’s rainbow itself is the energy dependent. Such that, the quantum gravity effects of gravity’s rainbow has no influence on the entropy spectrum. On the other hand, due to the spacetime quantum effects, the obtained area spectrum is different from the original Bekenstein spectrum. It is not equidistant and is dependent on the horizon area. And that, by analyzing the area spectrum from a specific rainbow function, a minimum area with a Planck scale is derived for the event horizon. At this point, the area quantum is zero and the black hole radiation stops. Thus, the black hole remnant for the gravity’s rainbow is obtained from the area quantization. In addition, the entropy for the modified Kerr-Newman black hole is calculated and the quantum correction to the area law is obtained and discussed.     

Quantum Tunneling Radiation of Kerr-NUT Black Hole

Based on particles in a dynamical geometry, extending the Parikh ＇s method of quantum tunneling, radiation, we deeply investigate the quantum tunneling radiation of Kerr-NUT bhck hole. When self-gravitating action, energy conservation, and angular momentum conservation are taken into account, the emission rate of the particle on the event horizon is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the emission spectrum is not precisely thermal, but is consistent with an underlying unitary theory.     

Hawking Radiation of Charged Particles via Tunneling from a Cylindrically Symmetric Black Hole in Anti-de Sitter Space-Time

Applying Parikh-Wilzcek＇s semi-classical quantum tunneling model, we study the Hawking radiation of charged particles as tunneling from the event horizon of a cylindrically symmetric black hole in anti-de Sitter space-time. The derived result shows that the tunneling rate of charged particles is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and that the radiation spectrum is not strictly pure thermal after taking the black hole background dynamical and self-gravitation interaction into account, but is consistent with the underlying unitary theory.     

Reissner-Nordstr?m de Sitter黑洞的量子隧穿效应

运用Parikh的量子隧穿模型，研究了Reissner-Nordstrm de Sitter黑洞的量子隧穿效应.结果表明，在能量守恒的条件下，黑洞外视界和宇宙视界处的粒子出射率与Bekenstein-Hawking熵有关，辐射谱不再是严格的纯热谱.     

de Sitter Tunneling,Emission Spectrum and Entropy/Area Quantum

The Banerjee-Majhi's recent work shows that the Hawking radiation and entropy/area quantum of the black hole horizon (EH) can be well described in the tunneling picture. In this paper, we develop this idea to the case of a de Sitter tunneling from the cosmological horizon (CH), and obtain the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy/area spectroscopy from the CH of the purely de Sitter black hole as well as the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole. It is interestingly found that the area of the CH is quantized by Δ A=4l_pl², as was given by Hod for the area quantum of -the EH by considering the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and Schwinger-type emission process. Also, we conclude from our derivation that the entropy/area quantum of the CH is universal in the sense that it is independent of the black hole parameters. This realization implies that, (at least) at a semiclassical level, the de Sitter gravity shares the similar quantum behavior as the usual gravity without presence of a cosmological constant.     

de Sitter Tunneling,Emission Spectrum and Entropy/Area Quantum

The Banerjee-Majhi's recent work shows that the Hawking radiation and entropy/area quantum of the black hole horizon (EH) can be well described in the tunneling picture. In this paper, we develop this idea to the case o a de Sitter tunneling from the cosmological horizon (CH), and obtain the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy/area spectroscopy from the CH of the purely de Sitter black hole as well as the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole. It i interestingly found that the area of the CH is quantized by A = 4l 2 pl , as was given by Hod for the area quantum of -the EH by considering the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and Schwinger-type emission process. Also, we conclude from our derivation that the entropy/area quantum of the CH is universal in the sense that it is independent of the black hole parameters. This realization implies that, (at least) at a semiclassical level, the de Sitter gravity shares the similar quantum behavior as the usual gravity without presence of a cosmological constant.     

Quantum Gravity Effects on the Tunneling Radiation of the Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion Black Hole

Taking into account effects of quantum gravity, we investigate the evaporation of an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black hole. The corrected Hawking temperature is gotten respectively by the scalar particle’s and the fermion’s tunneling across the horizon. This temperature is lower than the original one derived by Hawking, which means quantum gravity effects slow down the rise of the temperature.     

Characteristics of Quantum Radiation as Tunneling from a Cylindrically Symmetric Black Hole

Applying the semi-classical quantum tunneling model, we have studied the Hawking radiation via tunneling from a cylindrically symmetric black hole. The derived results show that the tunneling rate of at the event horizon of the black hole is related to Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and the factual radiation spectrum is not strictly pure thermal, but is consistent with the underlying unitary theory. PACS numbers: 04.20.-s, 97.60.Lf.     

Neutrino Tunneling from NUT Kerr Newman de Sitter Black Hole

In this paper, the method of semi-classical is applied to explore the Hawking radiation of a NUT-Kerr-Newman de Sitter Black Hole from tunneling point of view. The Hamilton-Jacobi equation in NUT-Kerr-Newman de Sitter space time is derived by the method presented by Lin and Yang (Chin. Phys. B, 20:110403, 2011). We obtain the Hawking temperatures at the event horizon and cosmological horizon and we also obtain the tunneling probability of neutrino following the semi-classical quantum equation. The results show the common features of NUT-Kerr-Newman de Sitter Black Hole.     

Influence of modified light dispersion theory on fermion tunneling radiation in the Einstein–Maxwell–dilaton–axion black hole

Based on a light dispersion relationship derived from string theory and quantum gravitational theory,we make an accurate modification to the quantum tunneling radiation rate and black hole temperature at an event horizon in a stationary axial-symmetric Einstein–Maxwell–dilaton–axion black hole.We also analyze our new results and carry out some significant discussions.This work enriches the research content and methods of the frontiers of black hole physics.     

Correction to Hawking Pure Thermal Spectrum of Stationary Kaluza-Klein Black Hole

Applying Parikh's quantum tunneling method, the tunneling characteristics of stationary Kaluza-Klein black hole is researched. The result shows that the tunneling rate across the event horizon of the black hole is relevant to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the derived radiation spectrum deviates from pure thermal when the self-gravitation, energy conservation and angular momentum conservation are taken into consideration. Finally, we use the obtained results to reduce to stationary Kerr black hole and static Swarzschild black hole, and find that only ignoring the spectrum at higher energies the tunneling radiation spectrum is consistent with Hawking pure thermal one. PACS:97.60.Lf,04.70._s     

Discussion on the event horizon and quantum ergosphere of dynamic rotating black holes in a tunneling framework

According to the Parikh--Wilczek tunneling framework, the locations of the local horizons of dynamic rotating black holes can be worked out. The calculations show that the quantum ergosphere of the black hole is identical with the tunneling potential barrier set by particle's tunneling across the relevant horizon. Then, some discussions on the origin of the Hawking radiation will be shown.     

Tunneling Radiation of Massive Vector Bosons from Dilaton Black Holes

It is well known that Hawking radiation can be treated as a quantum tunneling process of particles from the event horizon of black hole. In this paper, we attempt to apply the massive vector bosons tunneling method to study the Hawking radiation from the non-rotating and rotating dilaton black holes. Starting with the Proca field equation that govern the dynamics of massive vector bosons, we derive the tunneling probabilities and radiation spectrums of the emitted vector bosons from the static spherical symmetric dilatonic black hole, the rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole, and the rotating Kerr-Sen black hole. Comparing the results with the blackbody spectrum, we satisfactorily reproduce the Hawking temperatures of these dilaton black holes, which are consistent with the previous results in the literature.     

Discussion on event horizon and quantum ergosphere of dynamic rotating black holes in a tunneling framework

According to the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling framework, the locations of the local horizons of dynamic rotating black holes can be worked out. The calculations show that the quantum ergosphere of the black hole is identical with the tunneling potential barrier set by particle’s tunneling across the relevant horizon. Then, some discussions on the origin of the Hawking radiation will be shown.     

Quantum corrections to the entropy of charged rotating black holes

Hawking radiation from a black hole can be viewed as quantum tunneling of particles through the event horizon. Using this approach we provide a general framework for studying corrections to the entropy of black holes beyond semiclassical approximations. Applying the properties of exact differentials for three variables to the first law thermodynamics, we study charged rotating black holes and explicitly work out the corrections to entropy and horizon area for the Kerr–Newman and charged rotating BTZ black holes. It is shown that the results for other geometries like the Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström and anti-de Sitter–Schwarzschild spacetimes follow easily.     

Corrected Hawking Tunneling Radiation in the Higher Dimensional Reissner-Nordström Black Hole

Based on the generalized uncertainty principle, in which the quantum gravitational effects are properly taken in to account, the corrected Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole, up to the square order of Planck length, has been calculated. Using the corrected entropy, the black hole radiation probability has been calculated in the tunneling formalism, which is corrected up to the same order of the Planck length and a generalized quantum tunneling through the event horizon of the black hole is obtained.