用离散相关函数方法分析Blazar天体的γ射线和射电辐射的相关性

收集了119颗有γ射线噪的Blazar天体样品(97个平谱射电类星体和22个BL Lac天体),用离散相关函数(DCF)方法分析了1GeV γ射线辐射流量(最大值、最小值和平均值)与8.4GHz射电辐射流量之间的相关性.获得的主要结果为：在119个Blazar天体和97个平谱射电类星体中,γ射线辐射流量的最大值以及平均值和射电辐射流量之间有相关性;而γ射线辐射流量的最小值和射电辐射流量之间没有相关性.本文结果表明,γ射线和射电辐射都来自喷流,γ射线很可能产生于同步自康普顿(SSC)过程.关键词：Blazarγ射线射电辐射流量密度     

γ噪Blazar天体的γ射线和近红外光辐射研究

收集了29个有γ噪的Blazar天体(其中有16个BL Lac天体和13个平谱射电类星体)的近红外流量密度和γ射线流量密度,获得以下主要结果:1)23个天体中的γ射线流量密度和近红外流量密度在低态时存在较强的相关性而在高态时有弱的相关性.2)在29个天体中,有6个天体只有一个观测数据点,将其认为是高态时,γ射线流量密度与近红外光流量密度之间有弱相关性,而认为是低态时有强相关性.3)29个源的γ射线流量密度与X射线流量密度在低态时有相关性,但是γ射线流量与光学流量密度,γ射线流量与射电流量密度均没有相关性.4)在16个BL Lac天体中γ射线流量与近红外光流量不论在高态还是低态都有相关性,而13个平谱射电类星体没有相关性.讨论了γ噪Blazar天体的γ射线辐射机制,认为γ射线的辐射机制主要是同步自康普顿散射.而逆康普顿散射来自绕中心核且温度约为2000K的尘埃,这些尘埃的区域大约有r=3pc,聚束的相对论电子也可能是这种尘埃模型辐射机制的一个重要补充.平谱射电类星体和BL Lac天体的γ辐射机制可能有些不同.关键词：Blazar天体星系γ射线观测辐射机制非热辐射     

天体原子、离子和分子射电谱线研究进展

简述天体原子、离子和分子射电谱线自首次探测至今,半个世纪以来的研究进展.展示空间特有的非地球稳定的自由基、同位素、同位素分子和离子及其相关的过程.天体微波激射(MASER)因能提供恒星诞生与死亡的珍贵信息成为本文之侧重点.     

H0323+022天体的光变特性和黑洞质量研究

从大量文献资料中,收集了BL Lac天体H0323+022光学V波段的大量观测数据,获得了H0323+ 022从1982年至2003年的长期光变曲线.给出了从2000年至2003年,使用云南天文台1米望远 镜和上海天文台的156米望远镜,对H0323+022进行光学波段近4年的监测数据,观测发现 了H0323+022在光学R波段有7min的短时标光变.色指数B—V与V波段的星等值有较强的相关性 ,对H0323+022 CCD测光的结果与Bai（1998）观测的结果ΔR=063 ΔI=081是 一致的.由观测所发现的短时标光变,推算出了BL Lac天体H0323+022的中心黑洞质量和辐射 区域.关键词：BL Lac天体光变曲线短时标光变辐射区域中心黑洞质量     

BL Lac天体S5 0716+714的光变周期特性研究

从大量文献资料中, 收集了BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光学B,V,R,I波段的有效观测数据点共16818个, 获得了从1994年至2006年的长期光变曲线,光变曲线表明S5 0716+714天体存在完整的非正弦变化并且它的活动非常剧烈. 用功率谱方法分析了S5 0716+714天体的光变周期, 结果表明S5 0716+714天体存在的长光变周期为1.1年,Raiteri等人发现的3.3年周期可能是1.1年周期的叠合. 预期在2007年2月应该为S5 0716+714天体的再次爆发期.关键词：BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光变周期功率谱方法     

Is Low-Frequency-Peaked BL Lac Object OJ 287 a TeV Emitter？

It is well known that there are only two low-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects （LBLs： BL Lacertae and S5 0716＋714） and one flat spectrum radio quasar （FSRQ： 3C 279） among more than 30 active galactic nuclei （AGNs） with detected TeV emissions. We study the spectral energy distribution （SED） of a famous LBL OJ 287, whose light curve has a 12-y period. Using a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron ＋ synchrotron-self Compton model, we model the quasi-simultaneous broad-band SED of OJ 287. With some reasonable assumptions, we extrapolate the model to the high state of OJ 287 and predict its γ？ray emissions. Taking into account the absorption of γ-ray by the extragalactic background light （EBL）, we find that the TeV emission of OJ 287 in high state is slightly higher than the sensitivity of H.E.S.S. The study on SEDs of OJ 287 has implications to unveil the origin of jet activity during its 12-y period and the properties of EBL.     

RBLs与XBLs的多波段流量及中心黑洞质量的研究

BL Lacs天体的辐射谱变化、多波段的相关性及偏振的特性为研究各辐射分量的内禀相互关联提供重要的信息.本文用收集了RBLs和XBLs的红移、中心黑洞质量,统计得到RBLs天体的红移大于XBLs天体,RBLs天体的平均中心黑洞质量小于XBLs天体的平均中心黑洞质量.本文还收集了低态时射电波段、红外波段、光学波段及X射线波段的辐射流量,并分析了它们之间的相关性,及其与红移的相关性.本文的结果支持了RBLs和XBLs可作为BL Lac天体的有效分类标准的观点,并且表明它们的物理性质可能存在差异,而非选择效应的关键词：BL Lac天体多波段辐射流量     

脉冲γ射线对光纤的辐射效应

介绍了光纤的损耗机制和γ射线对光纤的辐射效应,设计了针对脉冲γ射线作用于光纤而产生辐射感生损耗的实验测量系统。利用平均光子能量为0.3 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率2.03×107 Gy·s-1,和平均光子能量为1.0 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率5.32×109 Gy·s-1的2种脉冲γ射线分别作用于多模和单模光纤,分别采用波长为405,660,850,1 310和1 550 nm的激光光纤传输系统对辐射感生损耗进行了测量。获得了光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量的关系,并对实验结果进行分析。从实验结果可以看出：在近红外到可见光范围内,脉冲γ射线对光纤作用产生的辐射感生损耗随探测波长减小而增大;在0.1~3.5 Gy剂量范围内,多模光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量呈线性关系。分析辐射对光纤的作用机制和实验结果后得出：光纤基质原子的电子能级对传输光子的共振吸收而造成吸收损耗增加;光纤折射率分布的改变从而导致波导损耗增加。     

脉冲γ射线对光纤的辐射效应

介绍了光纤的损耗机制和γ射线对光纤的辐射效应,设计了针对脉冲γ射线作用于光纤而产生辐射感生损耗的实验测量系统。利用平均光子能量为0.3 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率2.03×107Gy.s-1,和平均光子能量为1.0 MeV、脉冲宽度25 ns、剂量率5.32×109Gy.s-1的2种脉冲γ射线分别作用于多模和单模光纤,分别采用波长为405,660,850,1 310和1 550 nm的激光光纤传输系统对辐射感生损耗进行了测量。获得了光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量的关系,并对实验结果进行分析。从实验结果可以看出:在近红外到可见光范围内,脉冲γ射线对光纤作用产生的辐射感生损耗随探测波长减小而增大;在0.1~3.5 Gy剂量范围内,多模光纤辐射感生损耗和辐射剂量呈线性关系。分析辐射对光纤的作用机制和实验结果后得出:光纤基质原子的电子能级对传输光子的共振吸收而造成吸收损耗增加;光纤折射率分布的改变从而导致波导损耗增加。     

一种新型辐射变色膜的γ射线辐照研究

报道了以高聚物为载体,以有机染料及添加剂为变色指示剂体系,制备一种辐射变色膜。这种辐射变色膜为无色透明固体薄膜,经60Co γ射线辐照后,其颜色变为蓝色。辐照后样品的紫外-可见吸收光谱表明,在可见光区其最强吸收峰出现在624 nm附近。在10～90 kGy的剂量范围内,不含添加剂的辐射变色膜的光密度变化与吸收剂量呈线性关系,而含有添加剂的辐射变色膜对γ射线辐照的响应在50 kGy时就达到饱和。同时还探索了该体系辐照效应的化学反应机理。     

模拟核弹头核查中能谱遮盖技术的概念研究

建立了一套基于局域网的核弹头核查系统.系统的硬件组成为:一台网络服务器、两台个人计算机和一台便携式高纯锗γ谱仪.系统的软件(能谱遮盖软件)包括核查方软件、被核查方软件两个模块,它们都采用交互式人机对话,通过局域网进行通讯.核查中,探测器所采集的高分辨γ射线能谱需要经过被核查方软件的防泄密处理后,才能以遮盖能谱或文字显示方式发送给核查方终端.能谱遮盖的原则是,对核查方要求核查的能段,核查方软件必须提供真实、客观的显示;而对其他能段,可根据被核查方对“敏感信息”的认识,作适当的遮盖处理.文字显示方式则是直截了当地回答核查对象是“铀弹”、“钚弹”或“非核弹”.利用能谱遮盖软件对模拟核弹头进行了类型识别和能谱遮盖实验.实验结果表明,所建立的基于局域网的核弹头核查系统具有识别模拟核弹头类型和在核查中保护敏感信息泄漏的功能,特别值得指出的是,核查结果文字显示方式具有较好的防泄密功能,有助于提高核查可信度.实验同时也暴露了该系统的一些不足点,如系统组件过多,集成度不够;被核查方软件的人机交互对话和核查结果的能谱遮盖显示方式可能降低核查的可信度等等关键词：核弹头核查γ射线能谱能谱遮盖     

Charge coupled devices （CCD） photometry and long-term optical variability of gamma-ray-loud BL Lacertae object Mkn 421

Evidence for the long-term optical curve variability and colour behaviour of the BLLac object Mkn 421 is presented. Our results show that the amplitude of the opticalvariations of Mkn 421 is only about {Delta} B=4.7 magnitude in the B-band forits photometric history from 1899 to 2002. The results of optical photometricmonitoring of the Mkn 421 from April 2000 to Jan 2002 are provided. During ourobservation, Mkn 421 shows significant rapid variations and exhibits short timevariability of 2.42 hours in the B band. A strong correlation between the B-Vcolour index and the magnitude in the B band is found. Our charge coupled device(CCD) photometry of Mkn 421 shows that the measured results are in good agreementwith the predicted optical variability period of about 23 years.     

High-spin states in 190Pt

The level structure of 190Pt has been studied experimentally using the 176Yb (18O, 4n) reaction at beam energies of 88 and 95 MeV. γ-γ-t coincidence measurements were carried out. Based onthe analysis of γ-γ coincidence relationships, the level scheme of 190Pt is extended to high-spin states. A new structure built on the 3413.6 keV 14+ state has been observed, and the vi1-213/2 vh-19/2 vj (j = p3/2 or f5/2) configuration is tentatively assigned to it.     

Some statistical correlation analyses for Fermi/LAT Blazars

A sample including 664 blazars(301 Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and 363 BL Lacs) with γ-ray data in both 1FGL and 2FGL catalogues were selected. The average values of both γ-photon average energy and the photon spectral index for FSRQs, LBLs, IBLs and HBLs, follow the blazars sequence, FSRQs → LBLs →IBLs → HBLs. The slopes of correlation between photon spectral index and γ-ray luminosity for 4 the sub-classes of blazars also follow the blazars sequence. Also, there was close anti-correlations between the difference of two γ-ray photon spectral indices and the logarithm of the ratio of two γ-ray luminosities from 2FGL and 1FGL catalogs. It implies that the spectrum becomes flat when the source becomes brighter in high energetic γ-ray band. Lastly, the Kolmogolov-Smirnov test(KS test) of the average γ-photon energy showed that HBLs differs from LBLs and FSRQs, while there was no clear difference between LBLs and FSRQs, which implied that the γ-ray emissions in LBLs and FSRQs may be a result of the same emission mechanism.     

Changes in the thermoelectric response of vitreous carbon due to the irradiation by γ-rays

In order to study variations in the thermoelectric properties, some commercial glassy carbon samples were subjected to a sequence of steps consisting of a combination of irradiation with γ-rays produced by radioisotopes ⁶⁰Co, and hydrogen adsorption when the samples were put in an over pressured atmosphere of this gas. With this procedure it was possible to observe that the irradiation decreases the electrical conductivity of glassy carbon samples and the hydrogenation changes the sign of Seebeck coefficient. The material initially is an n-type semiconductor, but with hydrogenation changes to p-type semiconductor. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the hydrogenated vitreous carbon is more amorphous than the pristine material and the γ-rays irradiation produces changes in the crystallite size and shape.     

A study on the decay of ^72As

The excited states of the ⁷²Ge nucleus were investigated in radioactive decay of ⁷²As. Three new transitions with 1996.58, 2125.59 and 2255.49keV have been found for the first time. One γ-ray with 912.09keV has been placed in the decay scheme for the first time, and the placement of 1938.88, 2116.79, 2785.59, 2833.03, 2950.69 and 3338.00keV γ-rays are confirmed again in the present work. One new level at 2027.72keV excitation energy is proposed. The level scheme was established and for a number of levels spin-parity assignments are suggested on the basis of logft values and γ-branching ratios.