Verproside,a New Iridoid Glucoside from Veronica officinalis L. (Scrophulariaceae)

A new iridoid glucoside, verproside (2) , has been isolated from Veronica officinalis L. and its structure has been established to be 6-O-protocatechuoylcatalpol.     

Isolation of immunosimilar proteins from cotton seeds by immunoaffinity chromatograph

A sorbent highly specific forVerticillium proteins has been obtained from BrCN-Sepharose and rabbit immunoglobulins. By affinity chromatography using this sorbent a protein immunologically similar to the proteins of the mycelium of the fungusV. dahliae has been isolated from cotton seeds of the Tashkent-1 variety. The molecular mass of the protein has been determined, and its proteolytic activity has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 746–749, September–October, 1993.     

Isolation of immunosimilar proteins from cotton seeds by immunoaffinity chromatograph

A sorbent highly specific forVerticillium proteins has been obtained from BrCN-Sepharose and rabbit immunoglobulins. By affinity chromatography using this sorbent a protein immunologically similar to the proteins of the mycelium of the fungusV. dahliae has been isolated from cotton seeds of the Tashkent-1 variety. The molecular mass of the protein has been determined, and its proteolytic activity has been established. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 746–749, September–October, 1993.     

Biomimetic synthesis of carthamin,a red pigment in safflower petals,via oxidative decarboxylation

Carthamin, a natural red pigment derived from safflower, was discovered centuries ago and has been utilized in several industries such as dye, food coloring, and natural medicine industries. Although it has been used since Egyptian times, its structural features were only determined in the mid-1900s when pioneering studies were conducted to elucidate the carthamin structure and assign its stereochemistry. Reproducing the complex biosynthesis of carthamin has been a common research goal since then. However, this has been rendered complex because of the unstable precursors and low yields from the multiple steps involved in the synthesis. Herein, we report the total synthesis of carthamin via a four-step procedure using (S)-C-β-D-glucosylquinochalcone as the starting compound. The synthesis involves mild conditions, short reaction time, and readily available compounds. After de-O-methylation, condensation, oxidative decarboxylation, and saponification, carthamin was obtained in an overall yield of 9.5% through the proposed method.     

Muricatisine — A new alkaloid from two species ofOxytropis

The new alkaloid muricatisine has been isolated from the epigeal parts of the plantsOxytropis muricata (Pall.) DC. (Mongolia) andO. puberula Boriss. (Kazakhstan), which belong to the Fabaceae family, and its structure has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics as N-benzoyl-2-oxo-2-phenylethylamine and has been confirmed by a partial synthesis. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 527–529, July–August, 1998.     

Contribution à la phytochimie du genre Gentiana. II. Etude des cyclitols dans les feuilles de Gentiana lutea L.

L -(+)-bornesitol has been isolated from the leaves of G. lutea L . in the proportion of 1,6% by weight of dried material. Meso-inositol has also been detected by chromatography. Distribution of L -(+)-bornesitol and its taxonomic interest are discussed.     

Dynamic light scattering from cylindrical bundle-like particles in suspension

The translational diffusion constants (D_t) of a single sarcomere have been obtained by a dynamic light scattering method (DLS) for both its rigor and its relaxing states. A similar experiment has also been performed for a single sarcomere modified into a more solvent impermeable intrastructure by a chemical decoration of adhering HMM particles (myosin head). It has been determined from the former experiments that there is hydrodynamically little structural difference between the rigor and the relaxing states, and from the latter experiments utilizing a modified sample, it has been found that there is a strong coupling between the D_t values and the compactness of the intrastructure. In this paper, we have made some hydrodynamical interpretations for the intrastructures of an I-Z-I and a single sarcomere. The results have also been supported by microscopial observations.     

Über die Konstitution zweier neuartiger «dimerer» Indolalkaloide Pycnanthin und Pleiomutinin 132. Mitteilung über Alkaloide

The «dimeric» indole alkaloid (+)-pycnanthine ( 2 ) has been isolated, along with (+)-pleiocarpamine, (+)-quebrachamine, (+)-macusine B and an unknown alkaloid D from Pleiocarpa pycnantha (K. SCHUM .) STAPF , var. pycnantha M. PICHON. An investigation of its chemical and spectroscopic properties has led to the determination of structure 2 for this base. Its 6′,7′-dihydro derivative has been shown to be identical with the alkaloid pleiomutinine, previously isolated from Pleiocarpa mutica BENTH .     

Stoffwechselprodukte von Mikroorganismen. 50. Mitteilung. Die Konfiguration der Arcanose

The L -xylo configuration of arcanose, a sugar from the antibiotic lankamycin, has been proven by its transformation into cladinose. The determination of the absolute configuration at C-3 of arcanose and cladinose has been accomplished utilizing a new procedure.     

A New Xanthone Diglucoside from Swertia perennisL.

A new xanthone diglucoside (1) has been isolated from the aerial parts of Swertia perennis L. (Gentianaceae) by means of column chromatography on polyamide, followed by preparative TLC. on silica gel. From UV. and NMR. data, its structure has been established as 1,3-di-β-D -glucopyranosyl-7,8-dihydroxyxanthone or norswertianine-1,3-diglucoside.     

A new terpene ketone, a component of the essential oil ofElsholtzia ciliata

A new terpene ketone which has been called dehydroelsholtsia ketone has been isolated from the essential oil ofElsholtzia ciliata (Thumb.) Hyl. The structure of dehydroelsholtzia ketone as 3-methyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)furan has been proposed on the basis of a study of its IR, PMR, mass and¹³C spectra and has been confirmed by its conversion into elsholtzia ketone.Institute of Chemical Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Alma-Ata. Siberian State Medical Institute, Tomsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 823–824, November–December, 1993.     

Berberis Alkaloids XXXVIII. Turcamine — A new isoquinoline alkaloid fromBerberis turcomanica

The new isoquinoline alkaloid turcamine (1) has been isolated from the leaves ofBerberis turcomanica, and its structure has been established as 8-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydroisoquinoline. A relationship has been found between a substituent at C-8 and the multiplicities of the signals from C-5 and C-6.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 894–896, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted April 15, 1996.     

Kinetic Studies of Acenaphthene Oxidation Catalyzed by N‐Hydroxyphthalimide

The acenaphthene oxidation with molecular oxygen in the presence of N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) has been investigated. It is shown that the main oxidation product is acenaphthene hydroperoxide. The phthalimide‐N‐oxyl (PINO) radical has been generated in situ from its hydroxyimide parent, NHPI, by oxidation with iodobenzenediacetate. The rate constant of H‐abstraction (k_H) from acenaphthene by PINO has been determined spectroscopically in acetonitrile. The kinetic isotope effect and the activation parameters have also been measured. On the basis of the results of our studies and available published literature data, a plausible mechanism for the oxidation process of acenaphthene with dioxygen catalyzed by NHPI was discussed.     

Preparation of Ionic Liquid‐based Vilsmier Reagent from Novel Multi‐purpose Dimethyl Formamide‐like Ionic Liquid and Its Application

In continuation of research to explore the applied potential of DMF‐like ionic liquid, the ionic liquid version of N,N‐dimethyliminiumchloride (Vilsmier reagent) has been synthesized from DMF‐like ionic liquid and tested effectively for its capacity to achieve more useful organic transformations. The results show that DMF‐like ionic liquid is world's first task specific ionic liquid which has catalyzed numerous diverse type of reaction and is multipurpose in its application. Thus a new term for this DMF‐like ionic liquid has been coined that is DMF‐like "multipurpose" ionic liquid.     

Prediction of ortho(β) 13C chemical shifts in conjugated systems

An equation has been developed which relates ortho or C-β ¹³C substituent chemical shifts (SCS) to the ortho proton–proton coupling constant in the unsubstituted member of a conjugated series. This method is an extension of previous equations which have been used to predict ortho ¹H SCS values, and has its origin in a relationship between bond order and SCS values. The equation was derived from ortho ¹³C data in 2-naphthalenes and monosubstituted benzenes and its application to other unsaturated series is discussed.     

Synthesis of pyridazine derivatives. XXI. Tetrazolo-azido transformations in some fused azolopyridazines

6-Azidotetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine (III) has been prepared by two different routes and is easily transformed into the 6-amino derivative (IV). The attempted cyclization of 6-hydrazinotetrazolo[1,5-b] pyridazine (II) into the postulated tricycle has been shown to result in the formation of 6-azido-s-triazolo [4,3-b]pyridazine (VI), obtained also in a separate experiment from VII. The azido structure of VI has been confirmed from spectroscopic data and from its conversion into 6-amino-s-triazolo [4,3-b]pyridazine (VIII), obtained in another experiment from VII. Similarly, cyclization of II with cyanogen bromide resulted in the simultaneous formation of the s-triazolo ring and ring opening of the fused tetrazolo ring, giving IX. For 6-azido-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine (XII) the expected azide structure proved to be correct.     

Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Zealactone 1a/b

Strigolactones are plant hormones, which play pivotal roles in plant growth and development with potential application in sustainable agriculture. Recently, zealactone 1a/b has been identified as the major strigolactone from the root exudates of corn. Although zealactone is a promising molecule affecting signaling in the rhizosphere as well as in planta, evaluating its biological activities has been hampered by its low natural abundance and its relative chemical instability. Herein, we present the total synthesis of zealactone 1a/b based on our studies employing a [2+2]-cycloaddition strategy and a chemoselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation to forge the γ-butyrolactone fragment. Furthermore, we disclose the biological activities of zealactone 1a/b on corn and in soil in comparison with related synthetic analogues.     

Isolierung von (−)-Dunnion aus Calceolaria integrifolia MURR. (Scrophulariaceae)

Isolation of (?)-dunnione from the leaves of Calceolaria integrifolia, MURR . (fam. Scrophulariaceae) From the leaves of Calceolaria integrifolia, a plant often used in horticulture. partially racemic (?)-dunnione (1) has been isolated. This seems to be the first record of its occurrence outside the family Gesneriaceae, where it previously has been found in two species as the (+)-enantiomer.     

A DSC Study of Hydrated Sugar Alcohols. Isomalt

A DSC study has been carried out on isomalt, a commercial sugar alcohol derived from sucrose and widely used as a sweetener in the food industry. Isomalt is a mixture of two isomers:α-D-glucopyranosyl–1-6-mannitol (GPM) and α-D-glucopyranosyl–1-6-sorbitol (GPS). Release of the water of crystallisation (around 100°C)and melting (around 150°C) have been phenomenologically characterised using different scanning rates and heat treatments. The effect of dehydration/re-hydration on the melting has been investigated. The isomalt glass transition, at about 60°C, was studied on samples cooled after melting. The dynamic aspect of structural relaxation of isomalt has been quantified by its fragility parameter. Glassy state stability has been evaluated by performing ageing experiments at sub-T _g temperatures. During ageing, apart from the expected enthalpy relaxation effects, isomalt showed a peculiar behaviour, due to its isomeric composition. These preliminary and phenomenological results have been interpreted in terms of isomer structure and of carbohydrate-water interactions in the mixture. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Diterpenoids ofPulicaria salviifolia. III. The structure of salvicinin

The new diterpene acid salvicinin has been isolated from the epigeal part ofPulicaria salviifolia and its structure has been established as 15-acetoxy-6-hydroxy-trans-cleroda-3,13-dien-19-oic acid. A capacity of salvicinin for undergoing lactonization in the presence of acetic anhydride has been revealed, and the lactone formed has been isolated and chracterized.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Fax (3712) 62 73 48. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 246–249, March–April, 1994.