Tautomerism of sterically hindered schiff bases. Deuterium isotope effects on 13C chemical shifts

A series of sterically hindered o-hydroxy Schiff bases derived from o-hydroxyaceto- and benzophenones with very short intramolecular hydrogen bonds were described qualitative and quantitatively by deuterium isotope effects on (13)C chemical shift, (n)DeltaC(XD), (n)DeltaF(XD), (1)J(N,H) coupling constants, deltaNCH(3) chemical shifts and UV spectra. All the investigated compounds are found to be tautomeric. The tautomeric character is described by the signs of the deuterium isotope effects on the (13)C chemical shifts. For the 3-nitro-5-chloro derivatives at low temperature, the equilibrium is shifted almost fully toward the proton transferred form in CD(2)Cl(2). Intrinsic deuterium isotope effects on chemical shifts of these compounds as well as (1)J(N,H) coupling constants suggest that a zwitterionic resonance form is dominant for the proton transferred form. Structures, (1)H, (19)F, and (13)C chemical shifts, and deuterium isotope effects on (13)C chemical shifts are calculated by ab initio methods. The potential energy functions and the total deuterium isotope effects are calculated, and they are shown to correspond well with the experimental findings.     

NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of Isocyano‐ and 1, 1′‐Diisocyanoferrocene. The Molecular Structure of Isocyanoferrocene

Isocyanoferrocene ( 1 ) and 1, 1′‐diisocyanoferrocene ( 2 ) were prepared and studied by ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁴N and ⁵⁷Fe NMR spectroscopy in order to gain a more complete data set. The NMR data of 1 (chemical shifts and coupling constants) were calculated by DFT methods [B3LYP/6‐311+G(d, p)] and compare favourably with experimental data. The molecular structure of 1 was determined by X‐ray structural analysis, and an almost undistorted ferrocene‐like geometry was found.     

Characterization of monofluorinated polycyclic aromatic compounds by 1H, 13C and 19F NMR spectroscopy

Monofluorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (F-PAHs) have attracted much attention in analytical, environmental, toxicological and mechanistic studies because of their physico-chemical properties, which are closely similar to those of the parent PAHs. Because of this, full NMR characterization has become of interest. Complete 1H, 13C and 19F NMR chemical shifts, and also 1J(H,C), (n)J(C,F), (n)J(H,F) and (n)J(H,H) coupling constants, have been assigned for the F-PAHs 1-fluoronaphthalene, 2-fluorofluorene, 5-fluoroacenaphthylene, 2-fluorophenanthrene, 3-fluorophenanthrene, 3-fluorofluoranthene, 1-fluoropyrene, 1-fluorochrysene, 2-fluorochrysene, 3-fluorochrysene and 9-fluorobenzo[k]fluoranthene. To allow comparison with the corresponding parent PAHs, the 1H and 13C chemical shifts of acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[k]fluoranthene were determined. Chemical shift increments and the effects on the coupling constants from the fluorine substitution are discussed.     

Synthesis and characterization of fluorophenylpalladium pincer complexes: electronic properties of some pincer ligands evaluated by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and electrochemical studies

Palladium fluorophenyl complexes with different pincer ligands Pd(Ar)[2,6-(tBu(2)PCH(2))(2)C(6)H(3)] (13), Pd(Ar)[2,6-(tBu(2)PO)(2)C(6)H(3)] (14), Pd(Ar)[{2,5-(tBu(2)PCH(2))(2)C(5)H(2)}Fe(C(5)H(5))] (15), and Pd(Ar)[{2,5-(tBu(2)PCH(2))(2)C(5)H(2)}Ru(C(5)H(5))] (16) were synthesized by the reaction of LiAr (Ar = C(6)H(4)F-4) with the respective trifluoroacetate palladium pincer complexes 9-12. The molecular structures of 14 and 16 were determined by an X-ray crystallographic method. Complexes 13-16 and {Pd(Ar)[{2,5-(tBu(2)PCH(2))(2)C(5)H(2)}Fe(C(5)H(5))]}PF(6) (17) were studied by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. On the basis of (19)F NMR chemical shifts and (1)J((13)C-(19)F) coupling constants, as well as Pd(II)/Pd(IV) oxidation potentials, electronic characteristics of the corresponding pincer ligands were elucidated.     

A DFT study of the interresidue dependencies of scalar J-coupling and magnetic shielding in the hydrogen-bonding regions of a DNA triplex.

Scalar coupling constants and magnetic shieldings in the imino hydrogen-bonding region of Hoogsteen-Watson-Crick T.A-T and C(+).G-C triplets have been calculated as a function of the distance between proton donor and acceptor nitrogen atoms. The Fermi contact contributions to (h2)J((15)N-H...(15)N), (1)J((15)N-(1)H), and (h1)J((1)H...(15)N) were computed using density functional theory/finite perturbation theory (DFT/FPT) methods for the full base triplets at the unrestricted B3PW91/6-311G level. Chemical shifts delta((1)H) and delta((15)N) were obtained at the same level using the gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) method for magnetic shielding. All three scalar couplings and all three chemical shifts are strongly interrelated and exhibit monotonic changes with base pair separation. These correlations are in conformity with experimental data for a 32-nucleotide DNA triplex. The results suggest that both chemical shifts and coupling constants can be used to gain information on H-bond donor-acceptor distances in nucleic acids. In addition to the DFT/FPT calculations, a simple three-orbital model of the N-H...H bond and a sum-over-states analysis is presented. This model reproduces the basic features of the H-bond coupling effect. In accordance with this model and the DFT calculations, a positive sign for the (h2)J(NN) coupling is determined from an E.COSY experiment.     

Novel Monomeric Phenanthroline - Thallium(III) Complexes Multinuclear NMR Characterization in Organic Solvents

Thallium(III) complexes with nitrogen donor ligands constitute an interesting field in coordination chemistry. Phenanthroline is an extremely stiff organic ligand. The stability constants of its coordination compounds with Tl(III) have been investigated in aqueous solution by potentiometer1. 205Tl NMR technique has provided an effective method to study the thallium(III) solution chemistry. Thallium(III) coordination chemistry has attracted considerable attention recently for its ric…     

Novel Monomeric Phenanthroline—Thallium（Ⅲ） Complexes Multinuclear NMR Characterization in Organic Solvents

A novel complex of monomeric thallium (Ⅲ） with the nitrogen donor ligand phenanthroline (phen) has been prepared and characterized by multimuclear NMR(^1H,^13C,^205Tl). The three complexes exist in equilibria in DMSO and acetonitrile solution, which was proved by the ^205Tl NMR spectra. The ^1H and ^13C NMR spectra of tris-phen T1(Ⅲ） complex have been measured, where the spin-spin coupling between T1(I=1/2) and ^13C or ^1H signals were observed with the ^1H and ^13C NMR spectroscopy in acetonitrile. The coupling constants are presented and the chemical shifts of complexes are discussed in detail.     

Experimental and quantum-chemical studies of 1H, 13C and 15N NMR coordination shifts in Pd(II) and Pt(II) chloride complexes with quinoline, isoquinoline, and 2,2'-biquinoline

1H, 13C, and 15N NMR studies of platinide(II) (M=Pd, Pt) chloride complexes with quinolines (L=quinoline-quin, or isoquinoline-isoquin; LL=2,2'-biquinoline-bquin), having the general formulae trans-/cis-[ML2Cl2] and [M(LL)Cl2], were performed and the respective chemical shifts (delta1H, delta13C, delta15N) reported. 1H coordination shifts of various signs and magnitudes (Delta1Hcoord=delta1Hcomplex-delta1Hligand) are discussed in relation to the changes of diamagnetic contribution to the relevant 1H shielding constants. The comparison to the literature data for similar complexes containing auxiliary ligands other than chlorides exhibited a large dependence of delta1H parameters on electron density variations and ring-current effects (inductive and anisotropic phenomena). The influence of deviations from planarity, concerning either MN2Cl2 chromophores or azine ring systems, revealed by the known X-ray structures of [Pd(bquin)Cl2] and [Pt(bquin)Cl2], is discussed in respect to 1H NMR spectra. 15N coordination shifts (Delta15Ncoord=delta15Ncomplex-delta15Nligand) of ca. 78-100 ppm (to lower frequency) are attributed mainly to the decrease of the absolute value of paramagnetic contribution in the relevant 15N shielding constants, this phenomenon being noticeably dependent on the type of a platinide metal and coordination sphere geometry. The absolute magnitude of Delta15Ncoord parameter increased by ca 15 ppm upon Pd(II)-->Pt(II) replacement but decreased by ca. 15 ppm following trans-->cis transition. Experimental 1H, 13C, 15N NMR chemical shifts are compared to those quantum-chemically calculated by B3LYP/LanL2DZ+6-31G**//B3LYP/LanL2DZ+6-31G*, both in vacuo and in CHCl3 or DMF solution.     

Complex Formation in the Ternary System Tl(III)-CN(-)-Cl(-) in Aqueous Solution. A (205)Tl NMR Study

The existence of mixed complexes of the general formula Tl(CN)(m)()Cl(n)()(3)(-)(m)()(-)(n)() (m + n 相似文献   

1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts and spin-spin coupling constants in trans- and cis-decalins

The NMR parameters characterizing the spectra of trans- and cis-decalins were determined from theoretical calculations and experimental spectra. The calculated values of the shielding constants are in good agreement with the measured chemical shifts, with a small but noticeable difference in accuracy for the bridgehead atoms. Of all the spin-spin coupling constants, only most of (1)J(C,C) and (1)J(C,H) values could be extracted from the spectra, and the corresponding computed values are in good agreement with experiment. It appears that the applied density functional theory (DFT) approach overestimates slightly the J(C,C) coupling and underestimates the differences between one-bond (1)J(C,H) coupling constants. For all these constants [J(C,C), J(C,H) and J(H,H)] through one to three bonds, which could not be obtained experimentally, the predicted values are in good agreement with the general rules relating spin-spin coupling to the number and spatial arrangement of the intervening bonds.     

Direct observation of 57Fe chemical shifts in diamagnetic organoiron complexes

⁵⁷Fe NMR spectra of 35 organoiron complexes predominantly of the type [Fe(CO)₃(diene)] have been measured by direct detection at 2.9 MHz and at natural isotope abundance (2.2%). The ⁵⁷Fe chemical shift range so far observed is 3000 ppm, corresponding to about 9 KHz. The majority of the resonances are at higher frequency than that of Fe(CO)₅, which is proposed as a secondary standard. The ⁵⁷Fe resonance frequencies are also reported as ratios relative to the ⁷³Ge frequency of GeCl₄.The ⁵⁷Fe shielding is discussed qualitatively in terms of charge distribution in the complexes, very large deshielding effects being observed for cationic olefinic ligands. For η⁴-diene complexes, the shielding also depends upon ligand geometry and decreases with increasing ring size or CCC bond angle. Two types of ferrocenylcarbenium ions may be distinguished, indicated by high- or low-frequency shifts relative to ferrocene. For a number of [Fe(CO)₃(olefin)] complexes ¹J(⁵⁷Fe, ¹³C) coupling constants involving the carbonyl carbon are also reported.     

Schiff bases of gossypol: an NMR and DFT study

Schiff bases of gossypol with benzylamine, methylamine, 4-aminoacetophenone and 4-fluoroaniline have been synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. All the Schiff bases of gossypol are in the enamine form according to (3)J(HC,NH) and (1)J(N,H) coupling constants. The spectra are basically unchanged by change of solvent (CD(2)Cl(2), THF-d(8) and CD(3)OD) and by variation of temperature. For the derivative of benzylamine, deuterium isotope effects on (13)C chemical shifts are determined. They support strongly the enamine form and serve as a reference for other tautomeric Schiff bases. Structures and NMR nuclear shieldings of model compounds (the second monomer is replaced by a 2-hydroxybenzene ring) have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) methods. A good correlation is observed between calculated (13)C nuclear shieldings of the enamine form and observed (13)C chemical shifts.     

Eremophilane esters of Robinsonecio gerberifolius and their rearranged products. Study of the coupling constants (2)J(H, H), (3)J(H, H) and (4)J(H, H)

In the course of the basic hydrolysis of four eremophilane esters isolated from Robinsonecio gerberifolius, some rearrangements, eliminations, and additions occurred. Five compounds were obtained, three of them not previously described. Additionally, a new sesquiterpene was produced by autooxidation of compound 1. The (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of these compounds were completely assigned by utilization of HMQC, HMBC, COSY, DEPT, and NOESY techniques. The long-range coupling constants of the peroxide 10 are reported, and all its coupling constants (2)J(H, H), (3)J(H, H), and (4)J(H, H) are calculated at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. Their magnitude is explained in terms of electronic delocalization and the additivity of stereoelectronic effects.     

Experimental and quantum-chemical studies of 1H, 13C and 15N NMR coordination shifts in Pd(II) and Pt(II) chloride complexes with methyl and phenyl derivatives of 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline

1H, 13C and 15N NMR studies of platinide(II) (M=Pd, Pt) chloride complexes with methyl and phenyl derivatives of 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline [LL=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dmbpy); 4,4'-diphenyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dpbpy); 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmphen); 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dpphen)] having a general [M(LL)Cl2] formula were performed and the respective chemical shifts (delta1H, delta13C, delta15N) reported. 1H high-frequency coordination shifts (Delta1Hcoord=delta1Hcomplex-delta1Hligand) were discussed in relation to the changes of diamagnetic contribution in the relevant 1H shielding constants. The comparison to literature data for similar [M(LL)(XX)], [M(LL)X2] and [M(LL)XY] coordination or organometallic compounds containing various auxiliary ligands revealed a large dependence of delta1H parameters on inductive and anisotropic effects. 15N low-frequency coordination shifts (Delta15Ncoord=delta 15Ncomplex-delta15Nligand) of ca 88-96 ppm for M=Pd and ca 103-111 ppm for M=Pt were attributed to both the decrease of the absolute value of paramagnetic contribution and the increase of the diamagnetic term in the expression for 15N shielding constants. The absolute magnitude of Delta15Ncoord parameter increased by ca 15 ppm upon Pd(II)-->Pt(II) transition and by ca 6-7 ppm following dmbpy-->dmphen or dpbpy-->dpphen ligand replacement; variations between analogous complexes containing methyl and phenyl ligands (dmbpy vs dpbpy; dmphen vs dpphen) did not exceed+/-1.5 ppm. Experimental 1H, 13C, 15N NMR chemical shifts were compared to those quantum-chemically calculated by B3LYP/LanL2DZ+6-31G**//B3LYP/LanL2DZ+6-31G*, both in vacuo and in DMSO or DMF solution.     

1H and 13C NMR spectral assignment of androstane derivatives

(1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic data for 5alpha-androstanes and halo-5alpha-androstanes with different substituents at positions C-3, C-9, C-11 and C-17 were examined and assigned by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The substituent effects on the (13)C chemical shifts were compared with those of epi-androsterone, used as a reference compound. The coupling constants (n)J((19)F,(13)C) were measured for compounds 6, 8, 11 and 14.     

几种生物碱铂(Ⅱ)络合物的1H、13C-NMR研究

本文测定了具有抗癌活性的咖啡咽铂、茶碱铂、可可碱铂络合物的~1H和~(13)C-NMR谱,考察了络合前后生物碱配体~1H和~(13)C化学位移的变化,结合氢-铂、碳-铂偶合常数的测定,确定了各生物碱配位原子为咪唑环上双键氮,应用核磁共振技术搞清了与一般抗癌铂类络合物结构不同的咖啡咽铂等络合物的结构,并用异核选择去偶双共振技术对全部~(13)C和~1H谱线进行了归属。     

Partially bridge-fluorinated dimethyl bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylates: preparation and NMR spectra

Direct fluorination of dimethyl bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylate, obtained from [1.1.1]propellane prepared by an improved synthetic procedure, furnished esters of 14 of the 15 possible bridge-fluorinated bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acids, isolated by preparative GC. Calculated geometries reflect the substitution pattern in a regular fashion compatible with Bent's rules. Considerable additional strain is introduced into the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane cage by polyfluorination; it is calculated to be as high as 33-35 kcal/mol for hexasubstitution. Three arrangements of the fluorine substituents are especially strain-rich: geminal, proximate, and W-related. The (1)H, (13)C, and (19)F NMR spectra exhibit a striking variety of chemical shifts and long-range coupling constants. These are in good agreement with results calculated with neglect of the bridgehead substituents for all of the chemical shifts by the GIAO-RHF/6-31G//RHF/6-31G and GIAO-RHF/6-31G//MP2/6-31G methods and for many of the coupling constants by the EOM-CCSD/6-311G//MP2/6-311G method. The proximate (4)J(FF) constants are particularly large (50-100 Hz) and show an inverse linear dependence on the calculated F-F distance in the range 2.43-2.58 A.     

Aromatic C-H...O interactions in a series of bindone analogues. NMR and quantum mechanical study

The aromatic C-H...O hydrogen bonding within the series of the structurally relative indenone derivatives has been studied. The presence of the hydrogen bonds is corroborated by the large low-field chemical shifts of the protons involved in the hydrogen bond observed experimentally and reproduced by quantum mechanical calculations. Further confirmation is provided by analysis of the orbital overlap coefficients, (13)C NMR chemical shifts, and one-bond spin-spin coupling constants J((13)C-(1)H). The relationship between molecular geometry and (1)H NMR chemical shifts of involved protons has a complex nature, but the C-H...O distance is the principal factor.     

Rotational spectrum and carbon-13 hyperfine structure of the C3H, C5H, C6H, and C7H radicals

By means of Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy of a supersonic molecular beam, we have detected the singly substituted carbon-13 isotopic species of C(5)H, C(6)H, and C(7)H. Hyperfine structure in the rotational transitions of the lowest-energy fine structure component ((2)Pi(12) for C(5)H and C(7)H, and (2)Pi(32) for C(6)H) of each species was measured between 6 and 22 GHz, and precise rotational, centrifugal distortion, Lambda-doubling, and (13)C hyperfine coupling constants were determined. In addition, resolved hyperfine structure in the lowest rotational transition (J = 32-->12) of the three (13)C isotopic species of C(3)H was measured by the same technique. By combining the centimeter-wave measurements here with previous millimeter-wave data, a complete set of (13)C hyperfine coupling constants were derived to high precision for each isotopic species. Experimental structures (r(0)) have been determined for C(5)H and the two longer carbon-chain radicals, and these are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of high-level coupled-cluster calculations. C(3)H, C(5)H, and C(7)H exhibit a clear alternation in the magnitude and sign of the (13)C hyperfine coupling constants along the carbon-chain backbone. Because the electron spin density is nominally zero at the central carbon atom of C(3)H, C(5)H, and C(7)H, and at alternating sets of carbon atoms of C(5)H and C(7)H, owing to spin polarization, almost all of the (13)C coupling constants at these atoms are small in magnitude and negative in sign. Spin-polarization effects are known to be important for the Fermi-contact (b(F)) term, but prior to the work here they have generally been neglected for the hyperfine terms a, c, and d.     

包括d轨道的NMR化学位移的INDO/GIAO微扰理论

本文推广了计算~(18)C化学位移的INDO/GIAO方法,以进行~(15)N、~(17)O以及过渡元素配合物的~(18)C化学位移计算。通过N,O及Fe的INDO参数的优化选择,计算的~(15)N、~(17)O以及配合物(C_5H_5)Fe(CO)_2CN,(C_5H_4)_2Fe(COH)_2及(C_5H_4)_2Fe(CH_2OH)_2的~(18)C化学位移符合实验结果,同时发现计算的原子净电荷ρ(M)和σ~d(M)之间存在良好的线性关系。