范德华力对磁头/硬盘薄膜气体润滑动态特性的影响

利用摄动法分析了纳米间隙下范德华力对磁头动态飞行特性的影响规律.结果表明,在飞行高度低于5 nm后,范德华力降低了磁头的承载能力和飞行高度,使飞行高度和俯仰气膜刚度降低,对侧翻气膜刚度没有明显影响.范德华力对磁头滑块飞高振幅的影响主要在于特征振动频率区间,因此,通过磁头设计提高磁头特征振动频率,可以减弱范德华力对飞高振幅的影响.     

范德华力对磁头/硬盘系统气体润滑特性的影响

通过数值方法分析范德华力对磁头承载力的影响以及随飞行姿态的变化规律.结果表明,范德华力主要作用在磁头滑块尾部的凸台上,当飞行高度低于10 nm后,范德华力使得滑块的承载能力明显降低,从而导致飞行高度下降.范德华力主要与飞行高度和俯仰角有关,随着飞行高度和俯仰角减小,范德华力使承载能力和俯仰转矩明显减小.范德华力对侧翻角的影响不敏感,随着侧翻角的增加,范德华力使滑块的承载能力和侧翻转矩略微减小.在磁头设计时,通过增加俯仰角和减小尾部凸台面积可以减小范德华力的影响.     

高密度硬盘磁头滑块承载面结构优化设计

磁头滑块承载面结构优化设计是提高硬盘存储密度的主要方法之一,目前优化设计的方法主要分为拓扑优化和尺寸优化两大类,2种方法都存在着各自的优缺点.本文将两种方法有机地结合在一起,来弥补其各自的缺点.同时,在拓扑优化的过程中对滑块的结构进行了一定的限制,以满足实际使用的要求.由于飞高低于5 nm,因此在设计过程中还考虑了分子间力的影响.仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行磁头滑块承载面的结构优化可以取得很好的磁头飞行效果.     

基于严格范德华力作用的多壁碳纳米管磁弹性振动

给出了一种求解在任意两管之间严格范德华力相互作用下多壁碳纳米管磁弹性振动频率的解析方法.研究结果表明,在轴向磁场的作用下,严格范德华力相互作用对多壁碳纳米管最高磁弹性振动频率的影响大于对最低振动频率的影响;严格范德华力作用下多壁碳纳米管的最高磁弹性振动频率要高于经典范德华力作用下多壁碳纳米管的最高磁弹性振动频率;严格范德华力对磁弹性振动频率的影响依赖于碳纳米管层间距的变化和管的层数,且随着多壁碳纳米管层数的增加而趋于一个稳定值.本文的研究结果对于碳纳米管作为基本元件在纳米电子元件中的实际应用具有一定的参考价值.     

磁头/硬盘超薄膜气体润滑动态性能分析

考虑速度滑移效应,利用雷诺方程和动力学方程组建立磁头/硬盘薄膜气体润滑动力学分析模型,采用摄动法对纳米飞行高度以下的磁头动态特性进行了数值分析.结果表明,外界扰动频率靠近或超过磁头特征振动频率时,外界振动对磁头飞行姿态有明显影响,使得飞行高度振幅和气膜刚度明显增加,磁头的顺从性变差;当外界扰动频率远低于磁头特征振动频率时,随着磁头飞行高度的降低,气膜刚度和飞行高度的调制量迅速增加.通过磁头/磁盘系统的合理设计,使得磁头特征频率远大于主要的扰动频率,增加磁头对磁盘振动的顺从性,可以控制磁头的飞行高度振幅.     

硬盘抗冲击振动特性的研究进展

硬盘驱动器是计算机最重要的外存储设备.由于硬盘抗冲击振动问题的重要性和复杂性,许多研究者对此问题从各个方面进行了研究.本文从硬盘的基本结构和工作原理入手,介绍了磁头/磁盘系统的静动态特性,分析了影响磁头/磁盘系统性能的重要因素及其原理,并对国内外有关提高硬盘抗冲击振动性能的研究进行了较为系统的回顾和分析,最后阐述了硬盘冲击振动的控制研究,分析了硬盘目前所面临的关键问题及其可能的解决方案.     

相对湿度对材料表面粘附力影响的研究

利用自制微摩擦及粘附力测试装置考察了在微载荷条件下,相对湿度对Si(100)材料表面粘附力的影响,分析了在大气环境中水分子的毛细作用力和范德华力对粘附力的贡献,并以BET吸附模型为基础推导出考虑湿度影响的粘附力计算公式.结果表明:在微载荷条件下,相对湿度对材料表面的粘附力影响十分显著,随着相对湿度升高粘附力增加,特别是相对湿度RH在40%～80%之间时,粘附力变化最为显著;当相对湿度RH小于20%时,范德华力大于水的毛细作用力且占主导地位;当相对湿度RH大于20%后,水分子的毛细作用力不断增加,同时范德华力因水膜的存在而降低,水的毛细作用力占主导地位.     

考虑范德华力曲率效应的双壁碳纳米管外压屈曲

针对双壁碳纳米管外压屈曲问题,研究了层间范德华力的曲率效应对临界外压的影响。应用弹性双层圆柱壳模型,考虑层间范德华力不仅与层间距有关而且与挠度曲率的变化有关,导出了外压屈曲临界压力解析公式。计算得出在不同半径、不同长细比下,外压屈曲临界压力的数值结果,并与经典壳的结果和忽略范德华力曲率效应的结果做了比较。结果显示,对于小半径的双壁碳纳米管曲率效应对外压屈曲有效明显的影响。     

范德华力对多壁纳米碳管力学性质的影响

用分子动力学方法模拟了多壁纳米碳管在压缩、弯曲变形下力与变形的关系．通过与组成多壁碳管的各单壁碳管的比较分析,揭示了多壁纳米碳管层间范德华力对碳管力学性质的影响．采用Tersoff-Brenner势描述每一单壁纳米碳管内原子间作用,采用Lennard-Jones势描述碳管壁间范德华力．计算结果表明：多壁纳米碳管的比强度明显高于单壁纳米碳管．纳米碳管的半径虽然对杨氏模量影响不大,但对纳米碳管的曲屈行为影响却相当显著。     

磁头/盘界面超薄气膜挤压效应和动压效应研究

针对求解磁头/磁盘界面动态气膜力时出现的不易收敛和编程复杂的问题,本文提出了基于PDE工具求解气体润滑的瞬态和稳态雷诺方程的方法,计算了具有不同最小气膜厚度的Tri-pad正压型和Tri-pad负压型浮动块空气轴承在加载和卸载过程中的瞬态和稳态气膜压力分布,求解了作用面上的轴承力,并将2种状态下超薄气膜挤压效应和动压效应对轴承力的影响进行了对比.仿真结果表明:该方法具有足够的求解精度,且收敛速度快,为研究具有复杂磁头形貌特征的超薄气体润滑的动态特性提供了方便、准确的方法.     

动电学效应下微流动近壁面带电离子受力分析

应用离子分布的Boltzmann定律和Poisson方程研究了微流动中通道近壁面电势的分布,采用Derjaguin理论计算了动电学效应下带电离子受到的双电层作用力,应用Hamaker-De Boer 近似式得到了离子与壁面间的范德瓦尔力,同时也考虑到离子重力的影响,揭示了三种力对带电离子流动特性的影响.研究结果表明:无量纲间距d~*≤0.2时,离子重力的影响可以忽略,带电离子主要受范德瓦尔力和双电层作用力的作用,且二力均随d~*增大而减小,d~*≤0.02时,范德瓦尔力起主要作用,当0.020.2时,重力、范德瓦尔力及双电层作用力都趋于零,均可忽略.     

Linear instability of ultra-thin liquid films flowing down cylindrical fibre

The stability characteristics of an ultra-thin layer of a viscous liquid flowing down a cylindrical fibre are investigated by a linear theory. The film with the thickness less than 100 nm is driven by an external force and under the influence of the van der Waals forces. The results show that, when the relative film thickness decreases, the curvature of the fibre depresses the development of the linear perturbations, whereas the van der Waals forces promote the instabilities. This competition results in a non-monotonous dependence of the growth rate on the relative film thickness. The critical curves are also obtained to describe the transition from the absolute instability to the convective instability, indicating that the van der Waals forces can enlarge the absolutely unstable region. Furthermore, the surface tension can cause the development of the absolute instability, whereas the external force has an opposite effect.     

Linear instability of ultra-thin liquid films flowing down cylindrical fibre

The stability characteristics of an ultra-thin layer of a viscous liquid flowing down a cylindrical fibre are investigated by a linear theory. The film with the thickness less than 100 nm is driven by an external force and under the influence of the van der Waals forces. The results show that, when the relative film thickness decreases, the curvature of the fibre depresses the development of the linear perturbations, whereas the van der Waals forces promote the instabilities. This competition results in a non-monotonous dependence of the growth rate on the relative film thickness. The critical curves are also obtained to describe the transition from the absolute instability to the convective instability, indicating that the van der Waals forces can enlarge the absolutely unstable region. Furthermore, the surface tension can cause the development of the absolute instability, whereas the external force has an opposite effect.     

Linear and non-linear vibration and frequency response analyses of microcantilevers subjected to tip-sample interaction

Despite their simple structure and design, microcantilevers are receiving increased attention due to their unique sensing and actuation features in many MEMS and NEMS. Along this line, a non-linear distributed-parameters modeling of a microcantilever beam under the influence of a nanoparticle sample is studied in this paper. A long-range Van der Waals force model is utilized to describe the microcantilever-particle interaction along with an inextensibility condition for the microcantilever in order to derive the equations of motion in terms of only one generalized coordinate. Both of these considerations impose strong nonlinearities on the resultant integro-partial equations of motion. In order to provide an understanding of non-linear characteristics of combined microcantilever-particle system, a geometrical function is wisely chosen in such a way that natural frequency of the linear model exactly equates with that of non-linear model. It is shown that both approaches are reasonably comparable for the system considered here. Linear and non-linear equations of motion are then investigated extensively in both frequency and time domains. The simulation results demonstrate that the particle attraction region can be obtained through studying natural frequency of the system consisting of microcantilever and particle. The frequency analysis also proves that the influence of nonlinearities is amplified inside the particle attraction region through bending or shifting the frequency response curves. This is accompanied by sudden changes in the vibration amplitude estimated very closely by the non-linear model, while it cannot be predicted by the best linear model at all.     

Frequency response of primary resonance of electrostatically actuated CNT cantilevers

This paper deals with electrostatically actuated carbon nanotube (CNT) cantilever over a parallel ground plate. Three forces act on the CNTs cantilever, namely electrostatic, van der Waals, and damping. The van der Waals force is significant for values of 50 nm or less of the gap between the CNT and the ground plate. As both forces electrostatic and van der Waals are nonlinear, and the CNTs electrostatic actuation is given by AC voltage, the CNT undergoes nonlinear parametric dynamics. The methods of multiple scales and reduced order model (ROM) are used to investigate the system under soft AC near half natural frequency of the CNT and weak nonlinearities. The frequency–amplitude response and damping, voltage, and van der Waals effects on the response are reported. It is showed that only five terms ROM predicts and accurately predicts the pull-in instability and the saddle-node bifurcation, respectively.     

Bifurcation and pull-in voltages of primary resonance of electrostatically actuated SWCNT cantilevers to include van der Waals effect

In this work the voltage response of primary resonance of electrostatically actuated single wall carbon nano tubes (SWCNT) cantilevers over a parallel ground plate is investigated. Three forces act on the SWCNT cantilever, namely electrostatic, van der Waals and damping. While the damping is linear, the electrostatic and van der Waals forces are nonlinear. Moreover, the electrostatic force is also parametric since it is given by AC voltage. Under these forces the dynamics of the SWCNT is nonlinear parametric. The van der Waals force is significant for values less than 50 nm of the gap between the SWCNT and the ground substrate. Reduced order model method (ROM) is used to investigate the system under soft excitation and weak nonlinearities. The voltage-amplitude response and influences of parameters are reported for primary resonance (AC near half natural frequency).     

New expression for collision efficiency of spherical nanoparticles in Brownian coagulation

The collision efficiency of dioctyl phthalate nanoparticles in Brownian coag- ulation has been studied. A set of collision equations is solved numerically to find the relationship between the collision efficiency and the particle radius varying in the range of 50 nm to 500 nm in the presence of Stokes resistance, lubrication force, van der Waals force, and elastic deformation force. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data qualitatively. The results show that the collision efficiency decreases with the increase of the particle radii from 50 nm to 500 nm. Based on the numerical data, a new expression for collision efficiency is presented.