Indicatrices of magnetostatic surface waves

Indicatrices (isofrequency curves) of magnetostatic surface waves are studied with allowance for wave attenuation. A bias magnetic field is applied tangentially to a ferrite film. Arbitrary angles between the bias magnetic field and the wave vector are examined.     

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为优化表面波放电的狭缝天线阵设计,给表面波放电装置的设计提供理论依据,对狭缝天线布局进行了理论和仿真计算分析。结果表明,宽缝辐射的电磁场比纵缝强,同相激励天线辐射的电磁场比异相激励强,更容易击穿空气产生等离子体。基于磁场强度同相分布规律对已经采用的纵缝天线阵进行改进,纵缝按照两侧交互并间隔半个波导波长布置,各个纵缝均为同相,产生等离子体效果更好。     

Magnetostatic surface waves produced by an inhomogeneity of the anisotropy with a turning point of the spectral function on a ferromagnet surface

Magnetostatic surface waves with fixed frequency and wave vector are predicted to exist in a ferromagnet with an inhomogeneity of the magnetic anisotropy such that the spectral function has a turning point on the surface. This result is most important for the case when an external magnetic field magnetizes the ferromagnet perpendicular to its surface. The frequency of the surface wave is determined by the frequency of the magnetostatic volume wave at the surface of the ferromagnet, and the wave vector is determined by the surface values of the local magnetic anisotropy field and its derivative. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 118–123 (June 1998)     

Refraction of surface spin waves in spatially inhomogeneous ferrodielectrics with biaxial magnetic anisotropy

The refractive index of surface spin waves propagating in a ferromagnetic medium with a nonuniform distribution of the parameters of uniaxial and orthorhombic magnetic anisotropies and exchange coupling is determined within the spin-density formalism. The coefficients of reflection and transmission of spin waves at the interface between two homogeneous magnets with different constants of uniaxial and orthorhombic magnetic anisotropies, exchange coupling, and saturation magnetization are calculated. The dependences of the intensity of a reflected wave and the refractive index on the wave frequency and the strength of an external dc homogeneous magnetic field are determined.     

Excitation of surface polaritons by nondegenerate four-wave mixing of evanescent waves

We propose a method for exciting a surface polariton wave by nonlinear mixing of three evanescent waves. The nonlinear polarization and phase matching conditions are analyzed for diatomic cubic crystals and a numerical example is given for GaP showing that this scheme is possible. Furthermore, by consideration of the energy balance in the crystal, the gain coefficient for the surface wave and the intensity of the wave coupled to the vacuum are also calculated.     

SH surface acoustic wave propagation in a cylindrically layered piezomagnetic/piezoelectric structure

SH surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) propagation in a cylindrically layered magneto-electro-elastic structure is investigated analytically, where a piezomagnetic (or piezoelectric) material layer is bonded to a piezoelectric (or piezomagnetic) substrate. By means of transformation, the governing equations of the coupled waves are reduced to Bessel equation and Laplace equation. The boundary conditions imply that the displacements, shear stresses, electric potential, and electric displacements are continuous across the interface between the layer and the substrate together with the traction free at the surface of the layer. The magneto-electrically open and shorted conditions at cylindrical surface are taken to solve the problem. The phase velocity is numerically calculated for different thickness of the layer and wavenumber for piezomagnetic ceramics CoFe₂O₄ and piezoelectric ceramics BaTiO₃. The effects of magnetic permeability on propagation properties of SH-SAW are discussed in detail. The distributions of displacement, magnetic potential and magneto-electromechanical coupling factor are also figured and discussed.     

Controlling Fano resonance of nanowire surface plasmons

We theoretically study the effect of the applied magnetic field on the scattering properties of the nanowire surface plasmons coupled to two quantum dots. The dispersion relations of the surface plasmon are found to be upwardly displaced in the presence of an applied magnetic field. The symmetric double peaks in the transmission spectrum resulting from the interference between the localized and delocalized channels of the surface plasmon can combine together and the associated Fano lineshape will be smeared out when increasing the magnitude of the magnetic field.     

Surface plasmon in a parallel magnetic field

Using a hydrodynamic model the dispersion relation for the surface plasmon is calculated in an external magnetic field parallel to the surface when the wave propagates perpendicular to the magnetic field. In the limit of zero wave vector, the results reduce to those of Chiu and Quinn who have used the dielectric constant in the local theory.     

First-principles study on the half-metallicity of zinc-blende CrP(1 1 0) surface

We have investigated the half-metallicity and magnetism at the (1 1 0) surface of CrP by using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). From the calculated local density of states (LDOS), we found that the (1 1 0) surface of CrP preserves the half-metallicity, but the band gaps (∼1.1 eV) of the minority states for the surface Cr and P atoms are much reduced from the bulk value (∼1.9 eV). The magnetic moment of the P is coupled antiferromagnetically to that of the Cr. The magnetic moment of surface Cr atom is calculated to be 3.31μ_B which is increased by 10% compared to the bulk value, 3.00μ_B.     

Magnetic-structure distortions near an antiferromagnet surface caused by a magnetic field

Magnetic-structure distortions near the antiferromagnet surface produced by a magnetic field are studied theoretically. Both compensated and uncompensated surfaces are considered. The characteristic depth to which the distortions penetrate into the antiferromagnet is calculated, and the dependence of this depth on the magnetic field strength is studied over the entire range of magnetic fields up to the field at which the magnetizations of the two antiferromagnet sublattices become aligned with the external field. The surface magnetic moment associated with these distortions is found.     

Nonlinear surface magnetic polaritons in a nonuniform magnetic field

High-frequency surface magnetic polaritons of finite amplitude propagating along the interface between a ferrite and a nonlinear insulator in a weakly nonuniform, shaft-shaped external magnetic field are investigated theoretically. The analysis is based on employment of the variational method together with bilinear relations having the form of Lorentz’s lemma. It is shown that the wave dispersion and the transverse profile of a wave along the field nonuniformity depend significantly on the amplitude of the wave. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 92–95 (September 1998)     

The surface susceptibility of a simple metal

The magnetic surface response of a simple metal to a uniform magnetic field is calculated for a jellium model of a metal surface. We find a positive surface contribution to the measured susceptibility of finite samples.     

Bragg diffraction of surface magnetostatic waves from magnetic lattices

We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of Bragg scattering of surface magnetostatic waves (SMSW) by a time-independent, spatially periodic magnetic field when the wave orientation is arbitrary with respect to the magnetization field. In the theoretical section the theory of single-mode Bragg diffraction is generalized to the case of waves with arbitrary dispersion propagating through an anisotropic medium. The calculated results are, on the whole, supported by experimental measurements on SMSW. We demonstrate that a geometry which in isotropic media leads to a sinusoidal distribution of diffraction order amplitudes as a function of penetration into the differing lattice, can lead to a nearly exponential distribution of such amplitudes in anisotropic media. The anisotropy of the interaction between SMSW and the magnetic diffracting lattice is manifested by anomalously high scattering efficiencies for certain cases of relative orientation.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 11, pp. 76–85, November, 1988.     

Wave propagation in viscoelastic single-walled carbon nanotubes with surface effect under magnetic field based on nonlocal strain gradient theory

The governing equation of wave motion of viscoelastic SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes) with surface effect under magnetic field is formulated on the basis of the nonlocal strain gradient theory. Based on the formulated equation of wave motion, the closed-form dispersion relation between the wave frequency (or phase velocity) and the wave number is derived. It is found that the size-dependent effects on the phase velocity may be ignored at low wave numbers, however, is significant at high wave numbers. Phase velocity can increase by decreasing damping or increasing the intensity of magnetic field. The damping ratio considering surface effect is larger than that without considering surface effect. Damping ratio can increase by increasing damping, increasing wave number, or decreasing the intensity of magnetic field.     

Driven magnetic particles on a fluid surface: pattern assisted surface flows

Magnetic microparticles suspended on the liquid-air interface and subjected to an alternating magnetic field exhibit spontaneous formation of dynamic localized snake patterns. These patterns are accompanied by four large-scale hydrodynamic vortices located at the opposite ends of the snake patterns. We report detailed studies of these large-scale vortices and their relationship to the collective response of magnetic particles in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. We present a model based on the amplitude equation for surface waves coupled to the large-scale hydrodynamic mean flow equation. The model describes both the formation of the dynamic snake patterns and the induced structure of the experimentally observed hydrodynamic flows.     

The critical parameters and structure of the surface superconducting state induced by external electric field

Electric field perpendicular to a surface of superconducting semiconductor or semimetal induces superconducting transition at temperature and in magnetic field higher than in the bulk. The magnetic moment and structure of the inhomogeneous surface superconducting state are calculated. All parameters depend on direction of magnetic field, magnitude of electric field, and temperature.     

Electromagnetic excitation and dynamical response of ferromagnetic superconductors

Electromagnetic excitation modes in ferromagnetic superconductors are studied theoretically as the coupled modes of photon, electric current and magnetic moments, and their dispersion relations are obtained. With the use of these modes, the reflection coefficient is calculated for the electromagnetic wave incident on the surface of a semi-infinite crystal of ferromagnetic superconductor. It is shown that the reflection coefficient decreases rapidly in the neighborhood of the critical temperature where a spontaneous surface magnetization occurs. An anomaly in the surface impedance is also predicted.     

Spin orientation and excitation of magnetic nanocluster on metal surface

The spin orientation and excitation of the ferromagnetic nanocluster on the magnetic metal surface are studied numerically. We show that localized magnetic excitation modes are generated by the spin fluctuation of the cluster, when the ferromagnetic interaction J′ between the cluster and the metal surface is small and the spins in the cluster are oriented in the opposite direction with those of the metal surface by the external field. This magnetic structure is similar to the domain wall (DW) structure of a ferromagnetic wire, both sides of which connect with metal surfaces. As the interaction J′ increases, the sign of the thermal average of the spins in the cluster changes, i.e., the spin-flip takes place. In this time, the magnetic fluctuation of the cluster becomes large and the magnetic excitation energies, except for that of one excitation mode, overlap with the excitation spectrum of the spin wave. We also show that, by the overlap, sharp peaks and dips occur in the excitation spectrum of the spin wave.     

Two-channel waveguide modulator based on surface wave propagating in a semiconductor-metal thin-film structure

The results of theoretical investigations of two-channel waveguide modulator based on Surface Wave (SW) propagation are presented. The structure studied consists of twon-type semiconductor waveguide channels separated from each other by a dielectric gap and coated by a metal. The SW propagates at the semiconductormetal interface across an external magnetic field which is parallel to the interface. An external de voltage is applied to the metal surface of one channel to provide a small phase shift between two propagating modes. In a coupled mode approximation, two possible regimes of operation of the structure, namely as a directional coupler and as an electro-optical modulator, are considered. Our results suggest new applications in millimeter and submillimeter wave solid-state electronics and integrated optics.     

A reformulation of the one-dimensional surface field integral equations

By starting from the matrix forms of the two coupled, inhomogeneous integral equations for the values of the magnetic field and its normal derivative on a one-dimensional, rough metal surface, or for the values of the electric field and its normal derivative on such a surface, we have obtained an equivalent pair of equations for these quantities in which the inhomogeneous terms are just the Kirchhoff approximations to them. The new pair of equations for the surface values of the magnetic field and its normal derivative is solved iteratively to generate a multiple-scattering expansion for the scattering amplitude when p-polarized light is scattered from a large RMS height, large RMS slope, one-dimensional, random silver surface, with the plane of incidence perpendicular to the generators of the surface. It is shown that the Kirchhoff approximation to the contribution to the mean differential reflection coefficient from the incoherent component of the scattered light displays no evidence of enhanced backscattering. However, the pure double-scattering contribution already displays this effect, stamping it as a multiple-scattering phenomenon.