脉冲激光偏振特性用于目标的探测识别

针对光电探测时仅用强度来处理信息的局限性,通过理论分析,提出一种利用脉冲激光反射、散射偏振态时间、空间相关检测的方法,可以克服由于强度差过小带来的目标检测上的困难.利用分析结论,通过计算偏振分布密度函数(Stokes矢量的概率密度函数),进一步讨论了偏振传递函数的特性,用于识别目标,并给出了计算实例.     

水下多粒子场激光偏振特性研究

水中粒子偏振效应的变化对激光水下探测领域的研究具有重要意义。针对不同粒子多次散射对后向散射光强以及偏振度的影响规律问题,基于激光偏振特性理论,通过实验测量的方法,对比分析了线偏振激光入射不同气泡大小和不同气泡数密度形成的气泡幕、不同气泡幕所在距离、洁净水与混浊水、不同入射角度情况下回波信号在强度和偏振度特性上的差异性,验证了水下激光偏振特性变化用于激光水下探测领域的可行性。     

脉冲激光偏振特性用于目标的探测识别

针对光电探测时仅用强度来处理信息的局限性,通过理论分析,提出一种利用脉冲激光反射、散射偏振态时间、空间相关检测的方法,可以克服由于强度差过小带来的目标检测上的困难.利用分析结论,通过计算偏振分布密度函数(Stokes矢量的概率密度函数),进一步讨论了偏振传递函数的特性,用于识别目标,并给出了计算实例.     

基于激光偏振特性的水下声信号探测方法研究

水下航行体辐射的声波传播到水-空气分界面上时,会在水表面形成微扰,使水表面元产生微倾角.提出一种利用激光偏振特性对水下声信号进行探测的方法,不直接利用散射光强信息,而是利用激光在布儒斯特角附近入射水表面时,反射光偏振特性随入射角剧烈变化的特点对水表面微扰进行高精度探测.建立了该方法的理论模型,得到了入射波、出射波垂直分...     

偏振图像的研究

简要介绍了偏振光检测的基本原理和方法,以表面粗糙程度不同的植物叶子和塑料制成的竹叶与真竹叶为例具体说明了偏振光检测的实际应用.     

液晶衍射现象的实验研究

研究了液晶光学器件的衍射现象,实验表明,在一定的电压区间,出射光会出现周期性结构的衍射图样,探讨了这种衍射与液晶结构之间的关系以及各衍射光斑的偏振特性.     

基于偏振激光辅助照明的ICCD探测技术研究

为了验证偏振激光辅助照明ICCD探测目标的可行性,I以偏振成像探测原理为基础,提出一套基于偏振激光辅助照明的ICCD探测系统。该系统采用808 nm人眼不可见偏振激光辅助照明,ICCD对后向散射激光进行检偏和光电信息转换,实现背景中目标的偏振成像探测。通过在野外环境中对该系统的探测能力进行实验测试,结果表明,在0、45和90检偏角下,人造金属涂漆目标对照射偏振激光退偏小于10%;绿色背景对照射偏振激光退偏度约50%;沙土地面退偏度约30%,人造金属涂漆目标相对于自然背景随检偏角增大图像对比度也越大。     

SU-8光栅结构中的液晶激光特性

设计制作了SU-8光栅结构的染料掺杂手性向列相液晶激光器件,在器件正面和侧面均实现了随机激光辐射。将激光染料PM597、手性剂S-811、向列性液晶TEB30A按一定比例均匀混合,注入反平行摩擦处理的液晶盒中,器件的下基板通过光掩模法刻蚀出周期为15μm的光栅。利用532nm的Nd:YAG固体脉冲激光器作为泵浦源,器件的侧面既在580~590nm范围内出现了多个离散分立的随机激光辐射峰,FWHM约0.19nm,又在579~585nm范围内出现独立的两个激光辐射峰,FWHM约0.19nm;在器件正面获得了584~590nm范围的随机激光辐射谱,FWHM约0.17nm。加热器件至61℃,液晶相变为各向同性态,器件侧面仍出现了波长约590.60nm、FWHM约0.24nm的激光辐射峰。分析得出,液晶盒中引入SU-8光栅结构后,光子同时在液晶分子间多重散射和SU-8光栅中布拉格反射获得反馈放大,两种机制相辅相成。器件侧面出现的独立激光辐射峰主要由SU-8光栅布拉格反射提供反馈放大形成,而器件侧面和正面的随机激光辐射峰主要由液晶分子间多重散射提供反馈放大形成。     

激光偏振实验装置研制

本文介绍自制激光偏振实验装置的结构和实验原理。     

基于红外偏振特性的空间目标探测可行性探讨

红外偏振特性及其变化规律能够表征空间目标的表面信息与状态信息。结合当前偏振探测的最新进展,分析了基于红外偏振特性对空间目标进行探测的思路与可行性。由于空间目标偏振特性会随空间目标特定的材料以及运动轨道不同而存在差异,因此红外偏振探测技术可以为空间目标的探测和识别提供更多的依据。通过对空间目标常用的不同材料、同一材料不同表面状态以及在不同观测角下偏振特性的分析,得出光滑钢板红外平均偏振度是粗糙钢板的1.3倍左右。     

Analysis of birefringence property of three different nematic liquid crystals dispersed with TiO2 nanoparticles

In the present work TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) have been dispersed into three different nematic liquid crystals (2020, 1823A and 1550C) in different concentration. The value of the birefringence (Δn) has been calculated by the transmitted intensity method at a 632.8 nm wavelength. NLC 2020 used in the present study is a high birefringent material (Δn = 0.44), NLC 1550C is a low birefringent material (Δn = 0.067) and NLC 1823A is a mid birefringent material (Δn = 0.14). An increased value of birefringence has been found after dispersion of TiO₂ NPs in all three NLCs but this increment depends upon the concentration of the dopant material, temperature range and chemical character of the mixtures. It is suggested that this LC materials can be applicable in making of phase shifters, compensators and many more photonic devices.     

基于液晶缺陷层的一维可调谐光子晶体滤波器研究

从液晶连续体理论出发,用数值方法分析了以向列相液晶为缺陷层的Si/SiO2一维光子晶体滤波器的调谐原理和调谐量与外场的关系.确定出一种滤波带宽小、调谐范围大的滤波器的结构参量.模拟计算结果显示,该滤波器在外加电压为0.955~5 V时的调谐范围为1 600.6~1 499.8 nm,调谐量达到100.8 nm,完全覆盖了C波段,以及S波段和L波段的绝大部分区域.在整个调谐范围内,其3 dB带宽在0.074~0.090 nm之间,带宽的差异小于17.8%.     

Optical properties and optimized conditions for polymer dispersed liquid crystal containing UV curable polymer and nematic liquid crystal

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal was synthesized by combining a UV curable polymer and a nematic liquid crystal. Optimized conditions for the optical properties of the PDLC were found to be the concentration ratio of LC and polymer at 7:3, UV curing time of 18 min, and the thickness less than 25 μm. In the case of the high LC concentration (≥70%) sample, the amount of liquid crystal segregated in the polymerization process was enough to form a spherical shape of droplet, and the threshold driving voltage was reduced. The response time for the turn-on process was nearly independent of the concentration, while the turn-off process was almost proportional to the concentration. From microscopic image and UV–visible spectrum analysis, the relation between LC droplet morphology and optical properties were explained.     

Voltage-controlled optical switch in planar nematic liquid crystal film

This study presents an integrated device that consists of a directional coupler and an electro-optic switch. The device is designed to include a nematic liquid crystal cell, comprising a grating-like electrode. Applying the appropriate voltage to the cell yields a periodically distributed refractive index. An incident polarized beam will couple to an adjacent channel if it is parallel to the channel. The coupling efficiency is controlled by applied voltage. An obliquely injected polarized beam will be reflected and refracted in the channel, and propagated along a curved path. The route of the beam can be controlled by applying the voltage. A multiport routing was achieved for voltage modulation. In addition, the distribution of refractive index is also investigated by employing conoscopic technique experimentally and numerically.     

Thermally enhanced optical nonlinearity in nematic liquid crystal close to phase transition temperature

This study investigates the beam profile and the liquid crystal (LC) arrangement affected by an optical field on LC thin films at a temperature close to nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (T_NI). A combined microscopic and conoscopic technique was used in experiments as a convenient way to analyze the optical nonlinearity that is associated with the molecular configuration of nematic liquid crystal (NLC). An optical field combined with thermal enhancement enhances molecular reorientation and causes additional molecular excitation along the axis of propagation of the beam. The reorientational nonlinearity yields an undulating structure with multi-foci; the length between each pair of foci increases with time, as described.     

Pattern Detection in Gray-Scale Images with Polarization Coding

Most of the matched filtering techniques that have been used for pattern recognition have manipulated amplitude and phase information. Light, however, has another principal type of information that has not yet been used for pattern recognition. We propose a matched filtering technique which manipulates the polarization of light and shows the merits of using polarization information. The amplitude transmittance of input images is coded into the two-dimensional orientation distribution of linearly polarized light. A polarization spatial filter, which can change the light polarization two-dimensionally, is designed by considering the polarization distribution of the Fourier transform of an image to be detected which is polarization-coded. The proposed technique shows a better capacity to discriminate gray-scale images than do the conventional matched filtering techniques.     

基于矩阵理论的螺旋液晶透射光偏振态研究

将螺旋型液品看作是N层双折射材料晶片叠合而成,而每层光轴相对于相邻的晶片有一个小的旋转.本文基于矩阵理论,研究了光在螺旋液晶中传输时偏振态的变化.经过详细的数学推导,理论研究表明.线性偏振光经过螺旋液晶后偏振态会发生改变.当满足一定的条件时,线偏振光的偏振方向旋转90°,左旋圆偏振光经过左旋螺旋液晶后转变为右旋圆偏振光.     

Study of dipole dynamics and pre-transitional effects at isotropic to nematic phase transition by low-frequency dielectric relaxation measurements

Thermal microscopy (TM) as well as low-frequency (LF) dielectric relaxation studies are carried out on a nematic liquid crystal (NLC), viz E7 (Merck Ltd, UK). The isotropic to nematic (IN) transition temperatureT _IN determined by TM and LF-dielectric permittivity measurements agrees with the available data. Dielectric loss studies in the frequency region of 5–10?MHz indicate a relaxation (in the kHz region) akin to Debye type off-centered dispersion. The observed nematic relaxation is found to correspond to reorientation (about the short axis) of the nematic dipole to the external field. The temperature variation of the nematic relaxation frequencyf _R is found to follow an Arrhenius shift, with an activation energy of 1.7?eV. Temperature variation of the dielectric strength (Δε = ε _o ? ε_∞) and the distribution parameter α in the nematic phase are discussed. The dynamic response of the nematic dipoles and growth of pre-transitional fluctuations are found to be nonlinear in the vicinity of the IN transition. The value of the exponent α_eff = 0.072 indicates weak growth of transitional fluctuations across the IN transition.     

Effect of surface viscosity,anchoring energy,and cell gap on the response time of nematic liquid crystals

An analytical expression for the relaxation time of a nematic liquid crystal is obtained for the first time by considering the influence of surface viscosity, anchoring energy strength and cell gap, validated numerically by using the so-called relaxation method. This general equation for the molecular response time (τ₀${\tau }_0$) was derived for a vertical aligned cell and by solving an eigenvalue equation coming from the usual balance of torque equation in the Derzhanskii and Petrov formulation, recovering the usual equations in the appropriate limit. The results show that τ∼d^b$\tau \sim d^b$, where b=2$b=2$ is observed only for strongly anchored cells, while for moderate to weak anchored cells, the exponent lies between 1 and 2, depending on both, surface viscosity and anchoring strength. We found that the surface viscosity is important when calculating the response time, specially for thin cells, critical for liquid crystal devices. The surface viscosity’s effect on the optical response time with pretilt is also explored. Our results bring new insights about the role of surface viscosity and its effects in applied physics.     

Electrically-Controllable Liquid Crystal Polarizing Filter for Eliminating Reflected Light

A high-speed controllable polarizing filter has been developed to eliminate obstructive polarized light reflected from glass and watery surfaces for image pickup in video media program producing and marine dynamic remote sensing. In this device, the polarization plane of incident light is rotated through 0°, 45°, 90° or 135° by an electrically-controllable polarization rotator composed of 45° and 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal cells, and the polarization component of reflected light is absorbed by a fixed polarizing film. It selectively absorbs more than 80% of incident white light linearly polarized in an arbitrary direction. With the drastic reduction of reflected light, the object images hidden by the bright reflected light are clearly captured in real time. Another type of polarizing filter, using a guest-host liquid crystal cell instead of the polarizing film, controls light absorption as well as polarization angle.