The Detection of Defects in Optical Fibers Using a Hybrid Opto-electronic Correlator

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联合变换相关器在光纤检测中离焦影响的讨论

对联合变换相关器在光纤检测中离焦采集谱问题进行了理论分析,计算机模拟以及光纤缺陷检测实验。得出了离焦距离与相关峰值的关系曲线,示出了对不同相似程度的输入物的离焦谱和焦面谱两种情况下进行相关的计算机模拟结果;提供了在焦面上和离焦一定范围两种情况下缺陷程度不同的光纤的相关检测结果。     

实时高效联合变换相关器

提出一种利用光学波分复用器实现实时高效联合变换相关的方案。通过计算机控制把输入面分为多个大小相等的窗口，分别写入参考与目标图像，利用光学波分复用器于相关系统中，使对应不同窗口的读出光学信息在第一个焦面上形成联合功率谱阵列，在输出面上可以实时地获得增强了相关信号。     

Multitarget Detection Using a Hybrid Optical Joint Transform Correlator with Power Spectrum Subtraction

Multitarget detection using a hybrid optical joint transform correlator with power spectrum subtraction is proposed. This architecture is a programmable single spatial light modulator joint transform correlator. It consists of a liquid crystal display panel, an imaging lens, and a liquid crystal light valve to enhance resolution and space-bandwidth production. In this technique, it has two joint images in the input plane. In the second joint image, the reference image is contrast-reversal. With this technique, the second joint power spectrum is subtracted from the first joint power spectrum and the subtracted joint power spectrum is then taken the inverse Fourier transform. This technique is found to yield better correlation output performance than that of the classical joint transform correlator. Computer simulation results and the optical experimental results for input scene of the multitarget are given.The results have verified the correctness of the system design and performance analysis.     

Multitarget Detection Using a Hybrid Optical Joint Transform Correlator with Power Spectrum Subtraction

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利用联合付里叶变换谱干涉法测量透镜焦距

本文提出了采用联合付里叶变换频谱干涉法测量透镜焦距的方法。输入面上两个分布完全相同的图像经光学付里叶变换在频谱面上得到二者付里叶变换频谱的干涉条纹，通过测量干涉条纹的间距即可得到透镜的焦距。该方法装置简单、操作调整方便；易于采用实时空间光调制器、ＣＣＤ及微机实现快速自动测量，且具有较高的精度。文中进行了原理分析和实验验证。     

Measurement of focal length for a spherical lens with a joint Fourier transform spectrum interferometer

A method of testing the monochromatic focal length of a spherical lens by using a joint Fourier transform spectrum interference technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The focal length is determined by the spacing of the interference fringes resulting from two identical input images and is measured at the back focal plane of the tested lens. The system is easy to adjust and realizes automatic measurement with high accuracy.     

Hoe/lensless matched spatial filter wavelength-scaling correlator

A scaling correlator optical pattern recognition system is described in which a lensless matched spatial filter (with the second Fourier transform lens and the matched spatial filter recorded on the same plate) is used with a first Fourier transform lens that is also an holographic optical element. The matched spatial filter is recorded at one wavelength and correlation is obtained at a second wavelength. Experimental demonstration and output correlation SNR data are reported, together with a comparison of the system's noise level using conventional optics and holographic elements.     

新型平面集成光学相关器设计与分析

基于微光学与二元光学技术,设计了一种新型的平面折叠式光学相关器,将相关器中组成4f系统的傅里叶变换透镜、全息匹配滤波器、输入面和输出集成到一个平面器件上,与另一平面偏振反射镜构成一个反射型的平面光学系统.讨论了相关器的系统结构设计、系统参数的设计,给出了具体的设计模型,计算出其体积可减小至约12 cm3.利用菲涅耳衍射数值模拟方法对系统的图像识别过程进行了仿真,得到了良好的相关输出结果,证实平面集成光学相关器具有很好的识别性能.     

透镜组合实现光学分数傅里叶变换

从光学系统脉冲响应函数理论的角度分析了秀镜组合实现光学分数傅里叶变换的结构及标准焦距的物理意义，推导了几种较普遍的实现光学分数傅里叶变换的结构，利用该结构可以方便地改变其标准焦距，这对设计由多级数傅里叶变换级联构成的空间变化滤波系统具有重要的指导意义。     

Image displacement based on phase-encoded reference joint fractional transform correlator

In order to utilize the space of an input plane efficiently and make the optical structure more flexible, an image displacement measurement based on phase-encoded reference joint fractional transform correlator (PER-JFrTC) is proposed. We use a random phase mask to encode the reference image and overlay it with the target image forming the input image. Joint power spectrum (JPS) of the input image is obtained by Fourier transform and the resultant is encoded by the same phase mask. Then a fractional Fourier transform with an order p is applied to the phase-encoded JPS (PJPS), resulting in a correlation output with a sharp cross-correlation peak, which includes the displacement information between the reference and the target image. Contrast to displacement measurement based on traditional joint transform correlator (JTC), PER-JFrTC can use the space of the input plane efficiently and reduces the influence of the auto-correlation. Also the position of cross-correlation peak can be fixed arbitrarily according to the fractional order p as well as the optical set-up can be more flexible and easier to implement. Results based on digital computation show that PER-JFrTC could detect the displacement accurately and verify our proposal. A possible optical set-up is suggested.     

球面折射系统和复合厚透镜的分数傅里叶变换

提出单球面折射系统可以作为光学分数傅里叶变换的最基本单元。在此基础上可以构造多种厚透镜或复合厚透镜分数傅里叶变换系统。推导了系统结构参数与分数傅里叶变换的级次的关系。指出单球面折射系统及其构造的透镜系统对输入物函数的分数傅里叶变换输出可以位于自由空间,也可在球面折射材料内部或折射材料端面。输出平面位置的灵活性及其构造复杂系统的多样性,对于分数傅里叶变换的应用和光学信息处理必定具有潜在的实用价值。     

平行双转镜傅里叶变换光谱仪

在时间调制傅里叶变换光谱仪中,直线运动型动镜很难精确驱动,容易引起倾斜和剪切的问题。旋转型动镜可以解决该类问题。介绍了一种转镜式傅里叶变换光谱仪方案,并对其进行了原理分析和光程差公式推导,提出了工程设计约束条件。该光谱仪由一个分束器,两个固定平面镜,两面平行固定在一个转轴上旋转的平面反射镜,前置镜,后置镜及探测器组成。通过原理介绍得出,该光谱仪结构简单,两条分光光线经同一平面镜反射后干涉,使仪器更容易装调;通过光程差推算得出,该光谱仪容易实现大光程差,光谱分辨率高;通过工程设计约束及仿真分析得出,该光谱仪需要在高速旋转的条件下实现高分辨率采样,容易实现精确运动控制,稳定性好,测量速度快。     

The Design of Lens Imaging System byMeans of Fractional Fourier Transform

The relation between the 2nd fractional Fourier transform and the imaging process of an optical system is discussed. By changing the coordinate scales of the input plane in respect to the magnification of the optical imaging system, the fractional Fourier transform can be a powerful tool in designing specific imaging system. The Gaussian imaging formula of single lens is obtained by using the tool. Finally the procedures are generalized for designing a double-lens imaging system through an example.     

The Design of Lens Imaging System by Means of Fractional Fourier Transform

The relation between the 2nd fractional Fourier transform and the imaging process of an optical system is discussed. By changing the coordinate scales of the input plane in respect to the magnification of the optical imaging system, the fractional Fourier transform can be a powerful tool in designing specific imaging system. The Gaussian imaging formula of single lens is obtained by using the tool. Finally the procedures are generalized for designing a double-lens imaging system through an example.     

Methods of Fourier optics in digital holographic microscopy

In this paper, processing methods of Fourier optics implemented in a digital holographic microscopy system are presented. The proposed methodology is based on the possibility of the digital holography in carrying out the whole reconstruction of the recorded wave front and consequently, the determination of the phase and intensity distribution in any arbitrary plane located between the object and the recording plane. In this way, in digital holographic microscopy the field produced by the objective lens can be reconstructed along its propagation, allowing the reconstruction of the back focal plane of the lens, so that the complex amplitudes of the Fraunhofer diffraction, or equivalently the Fourier transform, of the light distribution across the object can be known. The manipulation of Fourier transform plane makes possible the design of digital methods of optical processing and image analysis. The proposed method has a great practical utility and represents a powerful tool in image analysis and data processing. The theoretical aspects of the method are presented, and its validity has been demonstrated using computer generated holograms and images simulations of microscopic objects.     

长焦距傅里叶变换透镜的小型化

随着光学信息处理的不断发展,傅里叶变换透镜的应用也日趋广泛。本文阐述了傅里叶变换透镜的性质及作用,主要研究了长焦距傅里叶透镜光学设计的特点,以及目前国内外在设计该类型透镜时常采用的结构形式:四组元对称或非对称双远距结构。为了能进一步缩短傅里叶变换透镜前后两焦点间的距离,使之小型化,本文尝试了一种新的结构形式,比起四组元双远距结构,在结构也较为简单的前提下,它不仅进一步缩短了两焦点间的距离,而且输入面、频谱面的象质均良好。     

改进傅里叶变换轮廓术的测量算法研究

提出一种适用于更普遍情况的计算方法.推导了投影装置与成像装置双瞳不等高且双轴不共面时的条纹获取公式.推导出新的相位获取公式以及相位高度映射公式.使得系统可以在双瞳连线不平行参考面,且双光轴也不共面时进行正确的三维测量.与传统的傅里叶变换轮廓术(FTP)相比,该算法实验系统的搭建更容易,投影装置和成像装置的摆放位置町以随意移动以方便全场条纹的获取;与改进的傅里叶变换轮廓术(IFTP)相比,只需要对系统测量三个长度量,系统参量的获取更容易和准确,从而误差变小,测量结果更加接近真实.     

应用联合分数傅里叶变换相关器识别多个物体

通过理论分析和计算机仿真研究了联合分数傅里叶变换相关器对多个物体的识别.结果表明联合分数傅里叶变换相关器与基于傅里叶变换的联合变换相关器相比有了较大的改善,提高了目标探测的灵敏性.     

基于不对称非标准傅里叶变换的光学图像加密

针对以往光学图像加密系统中输入面和频谱面对称性的缺点，在不增加系统元件的基础上，利用球面波照射不对称非标准傅里叶变换系统进行图像加密。通过把相位掩模置于该系统的傅里叶变换平面，利用不对称非标准傅里叶变换系统的输入面和频谱面的不对称性以及频谱面对于点光源相关参数的依赖性，克服了以前光学加密系统中输入面和频谱面的对称性所带来的安全隐患，并且获得了除相位掩模以外的另外四重密匙。理论分析和模拟实验表明：该方法不仅可行，而且多增加了几重密匙，增强了系统的安全性能。