指数型热声谐振管的固有频率

采用计算流体力学软件Fluent模拟研究了11种不同形状参数的指数型热声谐振管内二维非线性声场特性,分析了驱动频率和驱动强度对管内声压演化过程及固有频率的影响,并探索了指数管的固有频率与理论计算谐频之间的关系.研究发现:当驱动频率偏离谐振管固有频率时,管内将出现明显的"拍"现象;指数管的固有频率随驱动强度的增加而增加,呈现硬弹簧效应,但驱动强度对固有频率的影响较小并且在任何驱动下指数管的固有频率均小于理论计算谐频.针对所研究的指数型管,获得了其固有频率与理论计算谐频之间的关系式.结果表明,相同驱动下,形状参数m值约等于2.8的指数管所能获得的压力幅值及压比最大,且m=2.8指数管的固有频率与理论计算谐频之间的关系式与其他管型略有不同.      

Natural frequency for exponential shaped thermoacoustic resonator

The two-dimensional nonlinear acoustic field of eleven exponential shaped resonators was simulated with a computational fluid dynamics software Fluent.The influence of driving frequency and driving intensity on pressure in resonator as well as its natural frequency was investigated.The relationship between natural frequency and theoretical calculation resonance frequency was also explored.It is found that beating phenomena can be observed in the resonator when the driving frequency deviates from the natural frequency.Moreover,the natural frequency of resonator increases with the increasing of driving intensity,which shows a hard spring effect.However,the driving intensity plays little effect on natural frequency and the natural frequencies are smaller than the theoretical calculation values in any driving intensity.Meanwhile,a formula between the natural frequency and its first-order resonance frequency from theoretical calculation was obtained by linear fitting for all these exponential shaped resonators under consideration.It is also found that the highest pressure amplitude and highest pressure ratio can be obtained from the exponential shaped resonator of m=2.8 under the same driving intensity.Moreover,the relation between natural frequency and the theoretical resonance frequency for m=2.8-tube is slightly different from other tubes in consideration.     

Stochastic resonance of a damped oscillator with frequency fluctuation driven by a periodic external force

<正>Considering a damped linear oscillator model subjected to a white noise with an inherent angular frequency and a periodic external driving force,we derive the analytic expression of the first moment of output response,and study the stochastic resonance phenomenon in a system.The results show that the output response of this system behaves as a simple harmonic vibration,of which the frequency is the same as the external driving frequency,and the variations of amplitude with the driving frequency and the inherent frequency present a bona fide stochastic resonance.     

Optimization of acoustic scattering from dual-frequency driven microbubbles at the difference frequency

The second harmonic radiation of acoustically driven bubbles is a useful discriminant for their presence in clinical ultrasound applications. It is useful because the scatter from a bubble at a frequency different from the driving can have a contrast-to-tissue ratio better than at the drive frequency. In this work a technique is developed to optimize the scattering from a microbubble at a frequency different from the driving. This is accomplished by adjusting the relative phase and amplitudes of the components of a dual-frequency incident ultrasound wave form. The investigation is focused primarily on the example of dual-mode driving at frequencies of 1 MHz and 3 MHz, with the scattering optimized at 2 MHz. Bubble radii of primary interest are 0.5 to 2 microm and driving amplitudes to 0.5 atm. Bubbles in this size range are sensitive to modulation of driving. It is shown that an optimal forcing scheme can increase the target response eightfold or more. This suggests new applications in imaging and in bubble detection.     

An electromagnetic wave propagation in a non-uniform plasma controlled by EIT

We investigate the conditions in which the propagation of an electromagnetic wave is changed from transparency to cutoff in a non-uniform plasma. The allowed frequency range of the driving wave is obtained for the case that the probe frequency is above the plasma frequency. The effect of the power of the driving field on the range is analyzed. Received 23 May 2001     

Resonant activation in a nonadiabatically driven optical lattice

We demonstrate the phenomenon of resonant activation in a nonadiabatically driven dissipative optical lattice with broken time symmetry. The resonant activation results in a resonance as a function of the driving frequency in the current of atoms through the periodic potential. We demonstrate that the resonance is produced by the interplay between deterministic driving and fluctuations, and we also show that by changing the frequency of the driving it is possible to control the direction of the diffusion.     

周期耦合量子阱中的输运问题

采用Gurvitz等人直接求解薛定谔方程的方法并结合数值计算,分析了驱动频率对周期耦合量子阱体系的电流的影响.结果表明：当驱动频率小于耦合量子阱间的能级差时,随着驱动频率的增大,系统平衡时的电流增加,当驱动频率大于耦合量子阱间能级差时,随着驱动频率的增大,平衡时的电流减小.这样,通过控制外场驱动频率来达到控制电流的目的. 关键词： 量子阱 驱动频率 电流     

Suppression of timing errors in short overdamped josephson junctions

The influence of fluctuations and periodical driving on temporal characteristics of short overdamped Josephson junctions is analyzed. We obtain the standard deviation of the switching time in the presence of a dichotomous driving force for arbitrary noise intensity and in the frequency range of practical interest. For sinusoidal driving the resonant activation effect has been observed. The mean switching time and its standard deviation have a minimum as a function of driving frequency. As a consequence the optimization of the system for fast operation will simultaneously lead to the minimization of timing errors.     

Phase jump in resonance harmonic emission driven by strong laser fields

We present a theoretical investigation of the multiphoton resonance dynamics in the high-order-harmonic generation(HHG) process driven by a strong driving continuous wave(CW) field along with a weak control harmonic field.The Floquet theorem is employed to provide a nonperturbative and exact treatment of the interaction between a quantum system and the combined laser field.Multiple multiphoton-transition paths for the harmonic emission are coherently summed.The phase information about paths can be extracted via the Fourier transform analysis of the harmonic signals which oscillate as a function of the relative phase between driving and control fields.Phase jumps are observed when sweeping across the resonance by varying the frequency or intensity of the driving field.The phase variation as a function of driving frequency at a fixed intensity and as a function of the intensity at a fixed driving frequency allows us to determine the intensity dependence of the transition energy of quantum systems.     

Role of the driving frequency in a randomly perturbed Hodgkin-Huxley neuron with suprathreshold forcing

The present paper examines the influence of the forcing frequency on the response of a randomly perturbed Hodgkin-Huxley system in the realm of suprathreshold amplitudes. Our results show that, in the presence of noise, the choice of driving frequency can seriously affect the precision of the external information transmission. At the same level of noise the precision can either decrease or increase depending on the driving frequency. We demonstrate that the destructive influence of noise on the interspike interval can be effectively reduced. That is, with driving signals in certain frequency ranges, the system can show stable periodic spiking even for relatively large noise intensities. Here, the most accurate transmission of an external signal occurs. Outside these frequency ranges, noise of the same intensity destroys the regularity of the spike trains by suppressing the generation of some spikes. On the other hand, we show that noise can have a reconstructive role for certain driving frequencies. Here, increasing noise intensity enhances the coherence of the neuronal response.     

Period-Doubling in 10 GHz Gain-Switched DFB Laser Diode

The distinct period doubling behaviour in a 10 GHz gain-switched （GS） DFB laser is experimentally investigated in frequency domain and in time domain. The period doubling occurs as the frequency of the rf driving signal is close to or higher than the-3 dB cutoff frequency of the DFB laser diode, and the amplitude of the rf driving signal required to achieve period doubling increases linearly with the increasing bias current of the laser diode.     

Collective dynamics of two-dimensional coupled Brownian motors

The transport properties of coupled Brownian particles in a two-dimensional rocking ratchet are investigated via Langevin simulation. The results show that the average center-of-mass velocity is multi-peaks function of the frequency of the driving force. Furthermore, in the 2D coupled Brownian motor system there are the collective effect and ratchet behavior, which can switch depending on the frequency of driving force. It turns out that the cooperative effect between the interaction of coupled particles and external rocking driving force facilitates collective directional motion and energy conversion.     

Spontaneous emission from a ladder three-level atom in anisotropic photonic crystals

We investigate the spontaneous radiation from a ladder three-level atom embedded in a three-dimensional anisotropic photonic crystal with an external driving field. The properties of the spontaneous emission are dependent strongly on the relative position of the middle level from the band edge. Due to the Autler-Townes splitting by the action of the driving field, the external driving field can also affect the properties of the spontaneous emission. The population exchanged between the upper and the middle levels decreases as the detuning of the external driving field frequency from the corresponding transition frequency increases. The properties of the emission field can be changed or so much as controlled by choosing suitable intensity of the external driving field. The emission spectrum is more complex, and dependent on the location of the observer in this case.     

Theory of many-body localization in periodically driven systems

We present a theory of periodically driven, many-body localized (MBL) systems. We argue that MBL persists under periodic driving at high enough driving frequency: The Floquet operator (evolution operator over one driving period) can be represented as an exponential of an effective time-independent Hamiltonian, which is a sum of quasi-local terms and is itself fully MBL. We derive this result by constructing a sequence of canonical transformations to remove the time-dependence from the original Hamiltonian. When the driving evolves smoothly in time, the theory can be sharpened by estimating the probability of adiabatic Landau–Zener transitions at many-body level crossings. In all cases, we argue that there is delocalization at sufficiently low frequency. We propose a phase diagram of driven MBL systems.     

大气压氦气介质阻挡放电中的周期一不对称放电实验研究

大气压介质阻挡放电不仅具有对称周期一的放电形式, 还会在一定参数下呈现不对称周期一(AP1)放电. 本文采用具有平行电极结构的介质阻挡放电装置, 分别在气隙宽度1 mm, 3 mm, 7 mm和10 mm下的大气压氦气中进行了一系列放电实验, 研究了气隙宽度和外施电压频率对周期一放电对称性的影响. 实验结果表明: 在较宽的气隙宽度和外施电压频率参数区间内可以观察到显著的AP1放电; 气隙宽度越大越容易产生AP1放电, 同一气隙宽度下外施电压频率较高时则相对更容易观察到AP1放电; 随着气隙宽度增加, 首次击穿即呈现AP1 放电的外施电压频率临界值逐渐减小. 本文的研究初步验证了之前关于气隙宽度对AP1放电影响的数值仿真结果, 由此可以推测AP1放电并不只是由系统参数的不对称引起的, 也很可能是一种在一定的气隙宽度和外施电压频率下系统固有的、内在的高频不稳定放电行为. 关键词： 介质阻挡放电 不对称放电     

Floquet Bound States in a Driven Two-Particle Bose-Hubbard Model with an Impurity

We investigate how the driving field affects the bound states in the one-dimensional two-particle Bose-Hubbard model with an impurity. In the high-frequency regime, compared with the static lattice [Phys. Rev. Lett.109(2012) 116405], a new type of Floquet bound state can be obtained even for a weak particle-particle interaction by tuning the driving amplitude. Moreover, the localization degree of the Floquet bound molecular state can be adjusted by tuning the driving frequency, and even the Floquet bound molecular state can be changed into the Floquet extended state when the driving frequency is below a critical value. Our results provide an efficient way to manipulate bound states in the many-body systems.     

Extended phase matching of high harmonics driven by mid-infrared light

We demonstrate that phase-matched frequency upconversion of ultrafast laser light can be extended to shorter wavelengths by using longer driving laser wavelengths. Experimentally, we show that the phase-matching cutoff for harmonic generation in argon increases from 45 to 100 eV when the driving laser wavelength is increased from 0.8 to 1.3 microm. Phase matching is also obtained at higher pressures using a longer-wavelength driving laser, mitigating the unfavorable scaling of the single-atom response. Theoretical calculations suggest that phase-matched high harmonic frequency upconversion driven by mid-infrared pulses could be extended to extremely high photon energies.     

声场中双空化泡的运动特性

空化泡的运动特性是声场作用下的动力学行为,受空化泡初始半径,声压幅值,驱动声压频率,液体特性等众多因素的影响,是个复杂工程。本文从双空化泡运动方程出发,考虑到液体粘滞系数、空化泡辐射阻尼项的影响,研究了不同初始半径、驱动声压频率、驱动声压幅值、液体粘滞系数下空化泡泡壁的运动情况,研究结果表明不同初始半径、外界驱动声压频率、驱动声压幅值、液体粘滞系数均会对空化泡的膨胀比和空化泡的溃灭时间有一定影响。     

Spin dynamics of magnetic resonance with parametric modulation in a potassium vapor cell

A typical magnetic-resonance scheme employs a static bias magnetic field and an orthogonal driving magnetic field oscillating at the Larmor frequency, at which the atomic polarization precesses around the static magnetic field. Here we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally the variations of the resonance condition and the spin precession dynamics resulting from the parametric modulation of the bias field. We show that the driving magnetic field with the frequency detuned by different harmonics of the parametric modulation frequency can lead to resonance as well. Also, a series of frequency sidebands centered at the driving frequency and spaced by the parametric modulation frequency can be observed in the precession of the atomic polarization. We further show that the resonant amplitudes of the sidebands can be controlled by varying the ratio between the amplitude and the frequency of the parametric modulation. These effects could be used in different atomic magnetometry applications.     

Observation of self-organized square lattice pattern formation in surface barrier discharge plasma

The experimental observation of a two-dimensional self-organized square lattice pattern in a planar surface barrier discharge is reported. The discharge was operated near atmospheric pressure in helium gas. The transition from irregular plasma spot pattern to a square lattice pattern is achieved by reducing the discharge driving frequency. On increasing the driving frequency the regular lattice pattern is destroyed and again transforms to an irregular plasma spot pattern. Dielectric degradation and powder formation is also observed after discharge process. Spatio-temporal behavior of observed plasma pattern is presented.