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1.
Abstract  Food analysis has become a very important and interesting area of research because of the rapid expansion of food trade and highly increased mobility of today’s populations. Food quality control is essential both for consumer protection and also for the food industry. Application of the electrochemical biosensors in the field of food analysis is promising. This review covers the recent developments and issues in electrochemical biosensors for food analysis, such as ease of preparation, robustness, sensitivity, and realization of mass production of the detection strategies. This review also emphasizes the current development of electrochemical biosensors combined with nanotechnology. Graphical abstract     相似文献   

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Abstract  

Food analysis has become a very important and interesting area of research because of the rapid expansion of food trade and highly increased mobility of today’s populations. Food quality control is essential both for consumer protection and also for the food industry. Application of the electrochemical biosensors in the field of food analysis is promising. This review covers the recent developments and issues in electrochemical biosensors for food analysis, such as ease of preparation, robustness, sensitivity, and realization of mass production of the detection strategies. This review also emphasizes the current development of electrochemical biosensors combined with nanotechnology.  相似文献   

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Biosensors are becoming increasingly important in the food industry for application in safety and quality control among routinely used techniques such as microbiology, chromatography, or specific enzymatic methods. Biosensors offer advantages as alternatives to conventional methods because of their inherent specificity, simplicity, and rapid response. This article presents a short review of vitamin and pseudovitamin analysis techniques using biosensor technology as applied in the food industries, with particular attention to immobilization techniques of biorecognition elements, transducers, an overview of vitamin biosensors, and some future trends.  相似文献   

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An immobilisation procedure based on the direct coupling of thiolated probes (Probe-C6-SH) to bare gold sensor surfaces has been compared with a reference immobilisation method, based on the coupling of biotinylated probes onto a streptavidin-coated dextran-modified surface. The instrumentations used were a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and the optical instruments Biacore X and Spreeta based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The performances of the DNA-based sensors resulting from direct coupling of thiolated DNA probes onto electrodes of quartz crystals or gold SPR-chips have been studied in terms of the main analytical parameters, i.e. selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, etc. In particular, the two immobilisation approaches have been applied to the analysis of oligonucleotides, DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genomic DNA enzymatically digested.  相似文献   

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Karyakin AA  Karyakina EE  Gorton L 《Talanta》1996,43(9):1597-1606
Optimisation of the electrodeposition of Prussian Blue onto mirrored glassy carbon electrodes yielded a modified electrode practically insensitive to oxygen reduction. At the same time the electrode activity towards hydrogen peroxide reduction was extremely high. This allowed the detection of hydrogen peroxide by electroreduction over a wide potential range. Flow-injection investigations of this electrode inserted into a flowthrough electrochemical cell of the confined wall-jet type showed that the response for hydrogen peroxide is limited by diffusion. Glucose and alcohol biosensors were made by immobilisation of glucose oxidase and alcohol oxidase respectively, within a Nafion layer, onto the top of the Prussian-Blue-modified electrodes. By increasing the density of Nafion and decreasing the measuring potential the glucose biosensor was made completely insensitive to both ascorbate and acetominophes.  相似文献   

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Nanoparticles with desirable properties not exhibited by the bulk material can be readily synthesized because of rapid technological developments in the fields of materials science and nanotechnology. In particular their highly attractive electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic activity have facilitated achievement of the high level of signal amplification needed for the development of ultrasensitive electrochemical affinity biosensors for the detection of proteins and DNA. This review article explains the basic principles of nanoparticle based electrochemical biosensors, highlights the recent advances in the development of nanoparticle based signal amplification strategies, and provides a critical assessment of the likely drawbacks associated with each strategy. Finally, future perspectives for achieving advanced signal simplification in nanoparticles based biosensors are considered.  相似文献   

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Cryptophanes bearing OCH(2)COOH groups in place of the methoxy groups represent a new class of xenon-carrier molecules soluble in water at biological pH. By using (1)H and (129)Xe NMR (thermally- and laser-polarized dissolved gas), the structural and dynamical behaviors of these host molecules as well as their interaction with xenon are studied. They are shown to exist in aqueous solution under different conformations in very slow exchange. A saddle form present for one of these conformations could explain the (1)H NMR spectra. Whereas the cryptophanes in such a conformation are unable to complex xenon, unprecedented high binding constants are found for cryptophanes in the other canonical crown-crown conformation. These host molecules could therefore be valuable candidates for biosensing using (129)Xe MRI.  相似文献   

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A large variety of potentiometric biosensors is developed using biocatalytic and bioaffinity-based biosensing schemes. However, only few of them could be applied for the biomedical analysis. The most promising are those for the detection of main products of protein metabolism, namely urea and creatinine. A novel group of potentiometric biosensors is constituted by bioaffinity-based devices that could be used for immunoassays or genoanalysis. This paper reviews the recent trends in these fields as well as discusses advantages, limitations and pitfalls of the developed biosensors. Some potentiometric biosensors useful for real biomedical analysis are reported in detail.  相似文献   

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The detection and identification of foodborne pathogens continue to rely on conventional culturing techniques. These are very elaborate, time-consuming, and have to be completed in a microbiology laboratory and are therefore not suitable for on-site monitoring. The need for a more rapid, reliable, specific, and sensitive method of detecting a target analyte, at low cost, is the focus of a great deal of research. Biosensor technology has the potential to speed up the detection, increase specificity and sensitivity, enable high-throughput analysis, and to be used for monitoring of critical control points in food production. This article reviews food pathogen detection methods based on electrochemical biosensors, specifically amperometric, potentiometric, and impedimetric biosensors. The underlying principles and application of these biosensors are discussed with special emphasis on new biorecognition elements, nanomaterials, and lab on a chip technology.  相似文献   

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Abstract  Optical biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance are increasingly used to detect and (semi)quantify residues and contaminants in food. This review provides an overview of the methods published in this field since the year 2003. Such biosensors have mostly been applied to veterinary drug residues, like aminoglycosides, beta-agonists, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, levamisole, nicarbazin, nitroimidazoles, penicillins, ractopamine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and tylosin in milk, egg, honey, prawn, muscle, liver and kidney. Only a few methods have been published on pesticide residues, mycotoxins, phycotoxins, polychlorinated biphenyls and surfactants. These procedures are described with regard to biological recognition element, type of sensor chip, immobilisation procedure, sample extraction and clean-up, crossreactivity, nonspecific binding, matrix interference, chip regeneration, assay formats, calibration, validation and instrumentation. Graphical Abstract     相似文献   

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Abstract  

Optical biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance are increasingly used to detect and (semi)quantify residues and contaminants in food. This review provides an overview of the methods published in this field since the year 2003. Such biosensors have mostly been applied to veterinary drug residues, like aminoglycosides, beta-agonists, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, levamisole, nicarbazin, nitroimidazoles, penicillins, ractopamine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and tylosin in milk, egg, honey, prawn, muscle, liver and kidney. Only a few methods have been published on pesticide residues, mycotoxins, phycotoxins, polychlorinated biphenyls and surfactants. These procedures are described with regard to biological recognition element, type of sensor chip, immobilisation procedure, sample extraction and clean-up, crossreactivity, nonspecific binding, matrix interference, chip regeneration, assay formats, calibration, validation and instrumentation.  相似文献   

18.
This review (with 340 refs) focuses on methods for specific and sensitive detection of metabolites for diagnostic purposes, with particular emphasis on electrochemical nanomaterial-based sensors. It also covers novel candidate metabolites as potential biomarkers for diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, autism spectrum disorder and hepatitis. Following an introduction into the field of metabolic biomarkers, a first major section classifies electrochemical biosensors according to the bioreceptor type (enzymatic, immuno, apta and peptide based sensors). A next section covers applications of nanomaterials in electrochemical biosensing (with subsections on the classification of nanomaterials, electrochemical approaches for signal generation and amplification using nanomaterials, and on nanomaterials as tags). A next large sections treats candidate metabolic biomarkers for diagnosis of diseases (in the context with metabolomics), with subsections on biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases, autism spectrum disorder and hepatitis. The Conclusion addresses current challenges and future perspectives.
Graphical abstract This review focuses on the recent developments in electrochemical biosensors based on the use of nanomaterials for the detection of metabolic biomarkers. It covers the critical metabolites for some diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, autism spectrum disorder and hepatitis.
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This article gives an overview of the biosensors for the analysis of mycotoxins, marine toxins and cyanobacterial toxins, describing in depth the electrochemical biosensors that incorporate nanobiotechnological concepts. Firstly, it presents tailor-designed biomolecules, such as recombinant enzymes, recombinant antibody fragments and aptamers as novel biorecognition elements in biosensors. It also reviews the use of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aiming at improving the electrochemical transduction strategies. Finally, the exploitation of magnetic particles (MPs) as immobilisation carriers in flow-systems and the development of arrays are also described. The incorporation of these nanobiotechnological concepts provides with electrochemical biosensors with superior analytical performance in terms of specificity, sensitivity, stability and analysis time.  相似文献   

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In recent years consumers and the scientific community have become increasingly interested in food safety, making it a major focus among the objectives of the international institutions responsible for food safety monitoring, e.g. the European Union or the EFSA. Aspects attracting much attention are the colonization of food by microscopic fungi which, under aerobic conditions, produce toxic secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins, and the accumulation of these toxins in the food chain. Numerous studies of surveillance, detoxification, prevention, and toxicological aspects reported in the literature mostly concentrate on major mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes, and fumonisins; studies on toxic secondary metabolites of mycotoxins are less common or are only just beginning. Among the molecules of interest, the family of beauvericin and fusaproliferin is certainly the most interesting. The objective of this review is to summarize reported data and the methods used to extract and quantify beauvericin and fusaproliferin in food matrices.  相似文献   

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