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Highly Effective Detection of Amitraz in Honey by Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometric Methods
Authors:Xin-ming Nie  Jing Wang  Xun Wang  Ya-ping Tian  Si Chen  Zhou-yang Long  Cheng-hua Zong
Affiliation:1.School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China2.School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China3.Kewen College, Jiangsu normal university, Xuzhou 221116, China
Abstract:As an effective and universal acaricide, amitraz is widely used on beehives against varroasis caused by the mite Varroa jacobsoni. Its residues in honey pose a great danger to human health. In this study, a sensitive, rapid, and environmentally friendly surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method (SERS) was developed for the determination of trace amount of amitraz in honey with the use of silver nanorod (AgNR) array substrate. The AgNR array substrate fabricated by an oblique angle deposition technique exhibited an excellent SERS activity with an enhancement factor of ∽107. Density function theory was employed to assign the characteristic peak of amitraz. The detection of amitraz was further explored and amitraz in honey at concentrations as low as 0.08 mg/kg can be identified. Specifically, partial least square regression analysis was employed to correlate the SERS spectra in full-wavelength with Camitraz to afford a multiple-quantitative amitraz predicting model. Preliminary results show that the predicted concentrations of amitraz in honey samples are in good agreement with their real concentrations. Compared with the conventional univariate quantitative model based on single peak’s intensity, the proposed multiple-quantitative predicting model integrates all the characteristic peaks of amitraz, thus offering an improved detecting accuracy and anti-interference ability.
Keywords:Amitraz  surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method  Oblique angle deposition  Honey  Detection  Sensing  Ag nanorod  Density function theory  Partial least squares regression
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