| 节律性时间期待和空间期待对听觉目标辨别的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭露,鲍明,陈立翰,陈志菲.节律性时间期待和空间期待对听觉目标辨别的影响[J].声学学报,2022,47(5):686-691. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭露 鲍明 陈立翰 陈志菲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院声学研究所 北京 100190; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(11774379)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 合理的推断和预期是加快辨别听觉目标的关键。通过听觉目标辨别的反应时任务,研究了听感知过程中节律性时间期待和空间期待对声音目标辨别的影响。实验中,听觉序列中各声音以规律或不规律的时间节奏、沿有序或随机的空间方位呈现,形成四种期待条件:时间和空间期待兼备、只有时间期待、只有空间期待和没有期待。被试对声音序列末尾随机呈现的听觉目标尽快做按键反应。结果发现:（1）节律性时间期待显著加快被试对目标声音的反应速度;（2）空间期待对目标辨别速度的促进作用仅在时间非规律条件下发生。可见,在辨别听觉目标时,听者优先使用时间期待,并在无有效时间预测信息时使用空间期待,以促成对声音目标的最优知觉加工。
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| 关 键 词： | 听觉目标辨别 时间期待 空间期待 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-25 |
Effect of temporal and spatial expectations on auditory target detection |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049;3. School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100871 |
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| Abstract: | Reasonable inference and expectation of the auditory target is one of the key issues in speeding up the target detection.Using the reaction time task,the present study explored how temporal expectation and spatial expectation affect detection of the target tone.Expectations were created implicitly using a moving sound sequence,which moved with a regular or irregular pace,following a well-ordered or unpredictable spatial trajectory.There were four types of expectation:no expectation,only temporal expectation about the moment of target’s onset,only spatial expectation about the location of target’s occurrence,combined temporal and spatial expectation.The task for participants was to respond as quickly as possible to the target tone,which was usually presented following the sequence.We found（1） a significant independent effect of temporal expectation in speeding target discrimination and（2） benefits of spatial expectation which appeared only when targets occurred at the unpredictable moment.The above findings suggest that listeners choose temporal expectation in preference to spatial expectation during auditory target detection.Alternatively,they exploit spatial expectation when temporal information is uncertain or unavailable for prediction. |
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