| 南海北部海洋环境噪声谱级空间差异性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋国丽,郭新毅,马力,张乾初.南海北部海洋环境噪声谱级空间差异性分析[J].声学学报,2018,53(3):307-314. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋国丽 郭新毅 马力 张乾初 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院水声环境特性重点实验室 北京 100190; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(11304342)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究中国近海海洋环境噪声的空间差异性,揭示其形成原因,以同一海域同一季节两个测量站位的长期观测数据为研究对象,对比两个站位噪声谱级的差异.结合海洋信道和噪声源特性的影响,分析港口强噪声源到噪声采集站位的传播损失,发现在50~500 Hz频段传播损失差值和噪声谱级差值呈现较强相关性;对港口航船噪声源级的分析发现,该频段内源级相差20 dB左右,与休渔期前后航船密度差异相对应。试验分析和研究结果表明,南海北部海域50~500 Hz频段内海洋环境噪声与航船噪声源密切相关,两站位噪声空间差异由海区传播条件差异与航船噪声源级差异共同引起。
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋环境噪声 航船噪声源 噪声空间差异 水下声信道 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-07-03 |
Analysis on spatial difference of ocean ambient noise spectrum in the northern South China Sea |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190;2. Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 |
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| Abstract: | To study the spatial difference of ocean ambient noise in offshore China and reveal its forming reasons, the difference between the noise level (NL) of two stations is compared based on long-term observation data collected from two stations in the same season. Considering the influence of underwater acoustic channels and the characteristics of noise sources, the transmission loss level (TL) from the port ship noise sources to the measuring station is analyzed and showed a strong correlation between the transmission loss difference (TLD) and noise level difference (NLD) at the band of 50~500 Hz. At the same time, the analysis of ship noise source level (SL) presents a difference about 20 dB between the two ports, corresponding to the variation of the ship density before and during the fishing moratorium. These prove at this frequency band the ambient noise is closely related to ship noise sources, and the noise difference between the two stations results from the transmission loss and the ship noise sources. |
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