| 电磁超材料吸波体的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 王彦朝,许河秀,王朝辉,王明照,王少杰.电磁超材料吸波体的研究进展[J].物理学报,2020(13):71-83. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王彦朝 许河秀 王朝辉 王明照 王少杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 空军工程大学防空反导学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科协青年人才托举工程(批准号:17-JCJQ-QT-003);国防科技项目基金(批准号:2019-JCJQ-JJ-081);陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:2020JZ-33);空军工程大学校长基金重点项目(批准号:XNLX19030601);校长基金研究生类项目(批准号:XZJY2019040)资助的课题. |
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| 摘 要： | 电磁吸波技术在军用和民用领域得到了广泛应用,但传统吸波技术不能满足现代吸波材料新的需求,基于超材料的吸波体具有结构简单、轻薄、吸收率高等优点,并可以实现对电磁波的灵活调控,使得电磁吸波领域获得了飞速发展.本文针对电磁超材料吸波研究进行了综述,首先介绍了电磁超材料吸波方法与机理,指出了研究中遇到的瓶颈问题.其次针对吸波关键技术难题分别从多频及宽频带吸波、极化和角度不敏感吸波、动态可调吸波三个方面介绍了目前电磁超材料吸波体的研究进展.尽管研究学者们在超材料吸波方向已做了很多工作,仍面临着诸多问题和挑战.为了更好地预示未来研究,本文从高性能、多功能、新三维结构三个角度对超材料吸波体的研究方向进行了展望,包括突破波长限制的低频超薄宽带超材料吸波体、能应对复杂环境的多功能集成超材料吸波体以及随3D打印技术而兴起的新型三维结构超材料吸波体.最后结合超材料在隐身领域的应用进一步总结了超材料吸波应用研究的发展趋势.
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| 关 键 词： | 超材料吸波 宽频带 角度不敏感 |
Research progress of electromagnetic metamaterial absorbers |
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| Wang Yan-Zhao,Xu He-Xiu,Wang Chao-Hui,Wang Ming-Zhao,Wang Shao-Jie.Research progress of electromagnetic metamaterial absorbers[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2020(13):71-83. |
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| Authors: | Wang Yan-Zhao Xu He-Xiu Wang Chao-Hui Wang Ming-Zhao Wang Shao-Jie |
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| Affiliation: | (Air and Missile Defense College,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710051,China) |
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| Abstract: | Electromagnetic absorbing technology can effectively suppress the radiation of electromagnetic waves,and has been widely used in military and civilian fields.However,traditional absorbing technology cannot meet the new requirements for modern absorbing materials.The advent of metamaterials provides a solution for this problem Metamaterial absorber has the advantages of simple structure,light weight,high absorption rate,and can realize the flexible control of electromagnetic waves,which has led the electromagnetic absorption research to rapidly develop.In this paper,the research and development of using metamaterials to absorb electromagnetic wave is reviewed.Firstly,the principle,implementation,and presently existing bottlenecks of electromagnetic wave absorption in using metamaterials are outlined.Secondly,recent progress of the aforementioned key issues in three aspects is introduced,including multi-band and broadband,polarization and angle independence,and dynamic tunability.Several typical methods of making metamaterial absorbers are illustrated here.Generally speaking,the prerequisite of broadband metamaterial absorbers is to provide multiple resonances that are close enough to each other.The structure with multiple rotationally symmetric geometry is helpful in achieving polarization-and angle-insensitive properties.The flexible control of absorption performance can be realized by introducing lumped elements such as resistances,capacitances,and diodes.In addition,by means of composite traditional materials or new materials and other methods the dynamic adjustment of the absorption performance can be achieved.Although researchers have done a lot of work on the metamaterial absorbers,there remain many problems and challenges.For the future design,several promising directions are suggested from three perspectives:high performance,multifunctionality,and new structures.In terms of high performance,it is still a challenge to achieve ultra-thin broadband metamaterial absorber for low-frequency which can break through the limitation of wavelength.Integrated multifunctional metamaterials can adapt to the increasingly complex application scenarios and should gradually become the focus of attention.Since threedimensional(3D)printing technology has proved to be applicable to the preparation of complex metamaterial structures,the new 3D metamerial absorbers will bring more vitality to the development of metamaterials.Finally,as regards the application of metamaterials in stealth,the future development of metamaterial absorbers is further summarized. |
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| Keywords: | metamaterial absorber broadband angle-independence |
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