Alternative solvent‐based methyl benzoate vortex‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the high‐performance liquid chromatographic determination of benzimidazole fungicides in environmental water samples |
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| Authors: | Yanawath Santaladchaiyakit Supalax Srijaranai |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, Thailand;2. Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Vortex‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using methyl benzoate as an alternative extraction solvent for extracting and preconcentrating three benzimidazole fungicides (i.e., carbendazim, thiabendazole, and fluberidazole) in environmental water samples before high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis has been developed. The selected microextraction conditions were 250 μL of methyl benzoate containing 300 μL of ethanol, 1.0% w/v sodium acetate, and vortex agitation speed of 2100 rpm for 30 s. Under optimum conditions, preconcentration factors were 14.5–39.0 for the target fungicides. Limits of detection were obtained in the range of 0.01–0.05 μg/L. The proposed method was then applied to surface water samples and the recovery evaluations at three spiked concentration levels of 5, 30, and 50 μg/L were obtained in the range of 77.4–110.9% with the relative standard deviation <7.4%. The present method was simple, rapid, low cost, sensitive, environmentally friendly, and suitable for the trace analysis of the studied fungicides in environmental water samples. |
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| Keywords: | Benzimidazole fungicides Environmental water High‐performance liquid chromatography Methyl benzoate Vortex‐assisted dispersive liquid– liquid microextraction |
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