Abstract:The potential quality and safety risk in agricultural production induced by the pollution in the soli environment in Tibet are the current situation that urgently needs to be addressed. Currently, appropriate planting varieties could reduce the absorption and accumulation of toxic substances to human. Previous research has demonstrated that there are significant differences in the accumulation of heavy metals among different varieties of crops. Highland barley not only one of the main crops in Tibet, but also one of the important food sources for the Tibetan people. Microwave digestion pretreatment method combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection method has many advantages, such as fast sample pretreatment, wide linear range of detection, low detection limit and high sensitivity, which is widely used in the agricultural researches. Therefore, nine different varieties of highland barley widely cultivated in the "One River and Its two Branches” river basin in the Tibet were selected for varieties selection. In this study, mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were selected as main detection objects for selection of highland barley with high accumulation of heavy metals in roots but low accumulation characteristics of stem, leaf and grain. After the biological accumulation analysis, translocation analysis and cluster analysis, ZangQing 320 was selected as the most suitable and low accumulation of heavy metal in several highland barley variety for the "One River and Its two Branches” river basin in the Tibet.